Imibutho eSebenzi yeNzuzo
Yintoni enokuNcedisa inzuzo?
Igama elithi "elingenzi nzuzo" liquka umhlaba omkhulu. Enyanisweni, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeentlawulo ezingenzi nzuzo phantsi kwe-IRS Icandelo 501 (c).
Nangona kunjalo, inhlangano engena-nzuzo ininzi-nzuzo yi- 501 (c) (3) , eyaziwa ngokuba yintando yoluntu okanye inzuzo engenzi-nzuzo.
Siyazi izibonelelo zoluntu kakuhle ngenxa yokuba sinikela, sivolontiya kwaye sifumana iinkonzo ezininzi zentlalo, zemfundo okanye zempilo.
Ukungenzi nzuzo akuthethi ukuba akukho nzuzo (njengengeniso engaphezulu kuneendleko). Kuthetha nje ukuba imali engenayo ingenayo kuphela kwiminqophiso yokukhutshwa kombutho. Akunakuze ihanjiswe kubaphathi-nxaxheba okanye kumalungu.
Iingeniso zingakwazi kwaye zifanele zibandakanye iindleko zemihla ngemihla, ityala imali kwimeko engxamisekileyo, ifake isibonelelo kunye nokuphucula izibonelelo. Inzuzo engenzi-nzuzo exhaswa ngemali iya kuba nempilo kwaye iphele.
Izibonelelo ezingenzi-nzuzo zingabizwa ngokuba yi-non-profit, non-to-profits, okanye ii-NGOs (imibutho engekho karhulumente).
Izibonelelo ezingenzi-nzuzo zibandakanya isikhungo sezokwelapha kunye neyunivesiti yombuso kunye neempawu zothando ezifana ne-American Red Cross, i-Salvation Army kunye ne-World Wildlife Fund. Le mibutho isebenzisa amawaka abantu kwaye ibhajethi yezigidi zeedola.
Iziseko zineenzuzo ezingenzi-nzuzo, nangona zihluke ngokuthe ngqo kunabanini-nkonzo ababonelela ngeenkonzo. Iziseko, ukuzalisekisa imisebenzi yazo, ukunika imali kwiirhafu zomntu njengezibonelelo. Isiseko seBhili ne-Melinda Gates, i-Ford Foundation, kunye neRockefeller Foundation yilawo onke amagama omzi.
Nangona ezinye izibonelelo zinkulu, ezininzi zincinci. Kwimizuzu engama-million yezibonelelo zentlalo e-US, abaninzi banamaqela asekuhlaleni abasebenzela uluntu. Ziindawo zokungabikho zingenamakhaya, iibhanki zokutya, iindawo zokuhlala zezilwanyana kunye namaqela okudlala kwiindawo zethu zasekuhlaleni.
E-US, iNkonzo yeNgeniso yangaphakathi ichaza iimeko apho imibutho kufuneka ihlangane nokuba ingenzi nzuzo. Bonke abangenzi nzuzo banandipha umlinganiselo othile wokuxolelwa kwentela karhulumente, kodwa kuphela i-501 (c) (3) intsapho yoluntu inokuncedisa ukuncitshiswa kweerhafu .
Akukona lula ngokukodwa ukuba ube yinhlangano yentlawulo engenzi nzuzo.
Iimeko ziquka:
- Ukufumana ininzi yengeniso kwimithombo yoluntu
- Ukusebenzisa imali ngenjongo yokuxolelwa kuphela
- Ukulawulwa yibhodi yabalawuli okanye i-trustees
- Ukuthobela imida enzima kwimisebenzi yezopolitiko
Iingeniso-mali kufuneka zingenise ifomu yerhafu yonyaka ebizwa ngokuba ngu-990 . Ngaphezu koko, ukuba baphuma kwishishini , ukungenzi nzuzo kufuneka banike ipahla zabo kwenye i-nonprofit. Abantu abanakuze bafumane inzuzo yabanye kwimibutho yabo kunye noncedo olungenzi nzuzo.
Imibutho engenzi-nzuzo kunye neNkxaso-mali
Okumangalisa kukuba, iintlangano ezingenzi nzuzo zinokwabelana ngokubaninzi ngamashishini angenzuzo . Zihlala zibandakanywa, umzekelo. Bayakwazi ukuhlawula imivuzo yabasebenzi kwaye banike iingeniso. Baya kufaka imali ngemali yabo.
Iingeniso-mali zingafumana inxalenye yengeniso yabo ekuthengiseni into okanye ukuhlawula iinkonzo. Bangakwazi ukuguqula inzuzo ngelixa loo nzuzo isetyenziselwa ukuzalisekisa umbutho wezobuhlobo.
Iintlangano ezingenzi nzuzo zihluke kumashishini angeniso-nzuzo kuba uluntu lubaphethe.
Oko kuthetha ukuba akukho mntu unombutho okanye impahla yayo, kwaye ingeniso yayo ayikwazi ukuya kumalungu okanye kubanikazi abanini-mali.
Intlangano engenzi nzuzo inokulawulwa yibhodi yabalawuli (ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa ngabaphathiswa). Iibhodi kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba inzuzo engenzi-nzuzo ehlala ngumthetho kwaye ilawula imali yayo ngokufanelekileyo.
Amalungu eBhodi angaba noxanduva xa bengagqibekanga imithwalo yabo yemfanelo.
Abasebenzi abangenzi-nzuzo abanokungenzi nzuzo banokuthi bahluke kwishishini. Uninzi oluncinci olungenzi nzuzo luzalisekisa umsebenzi wabo kunye namavolontiya . Abanye basebenzisa abasebenzi abakhokhelwayo kodwa ke bathembele kumavolontiya ukwenza imisebenzi emininzi. Kwaye kunye neenzuzo ezinkulu zelizwe zisebenzisa umxube ophilileyo wabasebenzi abahlawuliweyo kunye namavolontiya angakhokhelwa.
Indlela inzuzo engenzi-nzuzo ezuze ngayo ingeniso yayo iyahluke kwishishini eliqhelekileyo.
Nangona ukungenzi nzuzo kunokunandipha imali engenayo ekuthengisweni kweenkonzo okanye iimveliso (jonga iyunivesiti okanye isibhedlele), kuxhomekeke kwiminikelo evela kuluntu jikelele .
Uqala njani i-Charity Nonprofit?
Ukuqala utyando kuqala ngokubangela.
Umntu okanye iqela lifumanisa ukuba kukho imfuno yoluntu engahambelaniyo kwiindawo zabo okanye izikhelo kwi-net security network.
Nangona kunjalo, okokuqala kuphela. Njengokuba ishishini elinokuphanda lenza uphando ukuba lubone imfuneko yenkonzo okanye umkhiqizo, ngoko kufuneka inhlangano encedisayo ifumaneke ukuba ingcamango yayo ingqiqo. Iingeniso-mali kufuneka kwakhona zilungiselele isicwangciso soshishino esifana nesiphi na inzuzo-inzuzo.
Wonke umseli we-non-profit uncedo kufuneka aphendule imibuzo emininzi evela "Ngaba ndiyazi into endiyifumanayo"? "Ngaba omnye umntu usele akwenza oku?" Emva kokuphendula kule micimbi kwaye enze uphando lwemakethi , umbutho ungaqala ukuma .
Amanyathelo okuqala ukuqala inzuzo engenzi-nzuzo iquka:
- Ukuseka ibhodi yabalawuli
- Ukubhala isitatimende somsebenzi
- Ukufaka isicelo sokungenzi inzuzo kwintlangano yasekhaya
- Ukugcina inombolo ye-EIN
- Ukuqulunqwa kwamanqaku okubandakanya kunye nemithetho
Ingakhokhela ukuqesha igqwetha ukuba lilungiselele onke amaphepha kunye nefayili yokufakelwa.
Akukho onke amaqela angenzi nzuzo aquka. Imisebenzi engancinci yexesha ihlala isuka, ifeze injongo, ize iphele. Amanye amaqela angenzi nzuzo ahlala amancinci, sebenzisa amavolontiya kuphela, kwaye akanako imali encinci. Ezi ntlobo zamaqela ziyaziwa ngokuba yimibutho engenzi nzuzo . Ngokuqhelekileyo, bafumana ngaphantsi kwama-5,000 kwi-revenue revenue yonyaka, abanakho abasebenzi abahlawuliweyo kunye nesakhiwo esilula.
Uninzi lwemibutho yokuncedisa, nangona kunjalo, zibandakanya. Kukho iinzuzo kunye nokungahambi kakuhle ukubandakanya . Inzuzo ebalulekileyo inxulumene nokukhuselwa komntu ngamnye kumalungu ebhodi kunye nabasebenzi.
Emva kokuhlanganiswa, ukungenzi nzuzo kuya kufuna ukufaka isicelo kwi-IRS ye-501 (c) (3) yokuxolelwa kweerhafu.
Yintoni Intela-Ukuxolelwa?
Nangona ukufakela i- 501 (c) (3) imeko ekhutshwayo ingaba nzima, inamathuba amaninzi amaninzi angenzi nzuzo ayifunayo ngentshiseko.
Isimo sokuxolelwa kweRhafu senza okungaphezulu nje kuphela ukunikezela ngekhefu lorhafu.
Ngaphandle kokubonelela "uphawu lwesigunyaziso" oluvela kurhulumente waseburhulumenteni kunye nokuphepha ezininzi iintlawulo zelizwe kunye neemeko zentlawulo, ukukhutshwa kwezibonelelo zoncedo kungabanika abaxhasi babo irhafu.
Abaxhasi abaye banqunyulwa kwiingxowa-mali banokufumana ukuncitshiswa kweerhafu ngeminikelo yokuncedisa abaxhamlileyo xa befake irhafu yabo yerhafu. Nokuba amashishini angasoloko athatyathelwa ngeminikelo yokunceda .
Izibonelelo kunye nenqanaba lokuhlawulwa kwentela linokufaka isicelo sokufumana izibonelelo ezivela kuRhulumente kunye neziseko . Le mithombo yemali ayitholakali ngaphandle kokuba umbutho uhlawule irhafu.
I-Revenue Service Revenue Service (IRS) ixhasa i-501 (c) (3) yokuxolelwa kweerhafu. Imibutho enobungcali kufuneka ihlangane neemvavanyo ezintathu . Ziyimvavanyo yoququzelelo olumalunga nomsebenzi wakho; uvavanyo lwezopolitiko oluqinisekisa ukungathathi hlangothi kwezopolitiko; kunye novavanyo lwamaxabiso, olufuna ukuba iifa le-charity lihlale lisetyenziselwa uluntu.
Imibutho emininzi ingasebenzisa ifom ye-intanethi elula ukuyifaka isicelo sokukhutshwa kweerhafu ngelixa amaqela amakhulu kufuneka afake ifom engaphezulu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ikulungele kwaye ukuba isicelo sabo samukelwa ngokukhawuleza okanye singagqitywanga , ininzi engenzi-nzuzo isebenzisa ummeli walo msebenzi owenza umsebenzi omkhulu.
Iicawa kunye nemibutho yonqulo ifanelekele unyango olulodwa kwi-IRS. Basenokungafuneki ukuba bazalise iifom ze-501 (c) (3) zokuxolelwa kweerhafu, kodwa zizakuphathwa ngokuzenzekelayo njengerhafu. Ininzi iicawa kunye namaqela enkolo asebenza ngokusemthethweni ukuxolelwa kwentlawulo kuba unikezela amandla angakumbi njengokwenza isicelo segranti.
AbaNcedo abangenziNzuzo bazinceda njani?
Uthando olunempilo luqinisekisa ukuba luneengeniso ezahlukeneyo . Akuxhomekeke kumthombo omnye, kodwa ibhaskithi yemithombo.
Uninzi lwezibonelelo zokuqala zicinga ukuba ziyakwazi ukuphakamisa imali eyaneleyo kwiimali , iziganeko , okanye iinkonzo zenkampani ukuxhasa imisebenzi yazo. Nangona kunjalo, ininzi yenkxaso yemali ivela kwimithombo emithathu: i -income-related income-income income , urhulumente karhulumente kunye neseburhulumenteni kunye neminikelo yokunceda .
Okumangalisa kukuba, malunga nesiqingatha se ngeniso engenzi nzuzo kuvela kwimali engenayo. Inzuzo engenzi nzuzo ifumana njani imali engenayo? Ukususela kwimirhumo yeenkonzo okanye ngokuthengisa iimveliso, okanye ukudibanisa kwabo.
Ngokomzekelo, i-yunivesithi ihlawulisa ukufundiswa kweeyunivesithi kwaye ithengisa iincwadi zezifundo kunye namathikithi kwiimidlalo kunye neemeko zenkcubeko.
Ngokufanayo, inqanaba elincinci lonyango olwenzela abantu abakhubazekileyo lihlawula intlawulo kwizo nkonzo. I-YMCA ihlawula umrhumo wobulungu.
Enye inhlangano eyaziwayo, i-Girl Scouts, ifumana ininzi yengeniso yayo ekuthengiseni ikhukhi.
Inkoliso eninzi eyimali kufuneka ivela kwimisebenzi enxulumene nemisebenzi. Ukungabandakanywa okufumana imali engenako kunokubangela ukuba kuhlawulwe irhafu yerhafu.
Urhulumente unikezela malunga nengxenye yesithathu yengeniso yokubonelela ngemali kunye neeprogram ezixhaswe ngerhafu zonyango kunye nemfundo. Igalelo lenkxaso elinikwa inkxaso elincinci, kodwa inxalenye ebalulekileyo yengeniso (i-Urban Institute).
Iminikelo yokuhlawulela iyasebenza kwiibhiliyoni zeedola rhoqo ngonyaka kwiingeniso zentlalo. Iminikelo yokuhlawulela iquka imali ukusuka kwiziseko, iinkampani kunye nabantu ngabanye.
Nangona kunjalo, ngaphezu kwe-70 ekhulwini yeminikelo yokunceda evela kubantu (GivingUSA 2016). Kungenxa yoko uncedo luchitha ixesha elininzi kunye namandla okuxhasa imali.
Nangona ezinye iincedo zixhomekeke kwiminikelo, okanye izibonelelo, okanye imali karhulumente, ininzi idala iphothifoliyo enokulinganisela yemithombo yengeniso.
Inxaxheba yeBhodi yeNhlangano engeNzuzo
Ayikwazi ukugqithisa indima ebalulekileyo indima ebhodi engenzi - nzuzo kwimpumelelo yayo nayiphi na inhlangano.
Amalungu ebhodi angenzi nzuzo akhonza ngaphandle kokuhlawula. Nangona iinkampani zikarhulumente kunye nezinye iinzuzo ezinkulu zihlawula amalungu ebhodi ngamasevisi azo, amaninzi amalungu ebhodi awafumani umvuzo . Ziyivolontiya. Nangona kunjalo, iindleko zabo zihlawulwa xa ziyimfuneko, kuquka ukuhamba ukuya kwintlanganiso yebhodi okanye kumagumbi ehotele kwinkomfa okanye kwintlanganiso yonyaka. Amalungu eBhodi angathatha isantya somntu ngamnye kwiindleko ezingenakunyuswa.
Nangona amalungu ebhodi angenzi nzuzo anemithwalo yomthetho , njengokuqesha kunye nokudubula i-CEO yenhlangano kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zisetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo, zineminye imisebenzi. Enye yazo kukunceda ekuxhaseni imali. Bangakwenza oko ngeendlela ezininzi, ezifana nokwenza umrhumo womntu, uxhumane neontanga ezixhamle kakuhle ukuba bacele iminikelo, kunye nokuncedisa ukuxhaswa kwemicimbi.
Izibonelelo ezincedisayo zineebhodi ezisebenzayo , ngoko ke khetha amalungu ebhodi ngokufanelekileyo. Cinga ngeetalente kunye nezakhono abazizisa etafileni, ububele babo, kunye noluntu lwazo. Zonke ezo zinto zenza impumelelo.
Amavavolontiya anceda njani iiNtlangano ezingenzi nzuzo
Amavolontiya adlala indima ekhethekileyo kwiingenzi-nzuzo. Amavolontiya asebenza kwiibhodi ezingenzi nzuzo, kodwa zibonelela ngeenkonzo zazo ezininzi.
Zininzi ezincinci ezingenzi-nzuzo ziye zacutha abasebenzi kwaye zixhomekeke kumavavolontiya emininzi yomsebenzi wabo. Amavolontiya angenza imisebenzi eyintloko njengomsebenzi weofisi. Kananjalo banokuzisela iiseti zobuchule ezikhethekileyo kwimisebenzi enzima ezifana nokuthengisa, ukuphendula, ukuyila iwebhusayithi, okanye ukunxibelelana kweendaba zoluntu.
Amavolontiya anganceda uncedo lwebhanki lwe-diaper lunikeze i-diapers, kodwa banokuya kwiindawo zentlekele ukunceda ukusabalalisa iinkonzo ezifunwa kakhulu kubasindileyo benyikima okanye umkhukula.
Amavolontiya azinikela ngemali kwiintando zabo ezizithandayo. Ewe, amavolontiya ngabanye abaxhasi abakhulu . Ukubonelela ngamathuba okuvolontiya kunceda uncedo oluqhubekayo lubambelela abaxhasi ukuba baphathe ubomi.
Amavolontiya amaqumrhu abuye aphakanyiswa kakhulu. Abasebenzi abancinci ngokukhethekileyo banqwenela iinkampani ezinamavavolontiya kwaye zifanisana neminikelo yabasebenzi kwiintando ezizithandayo . Naluphina uthando olunokuvula iingcango zalo kwiivolontiya zenkampani zifumene ukungena ngokutsha kokunikezelwa kweenkampani.
Amavolontiyamu okuthatha umsebenzi athatha ubuchule. Ukongezelela, ukulungiselela umbutho ukuba uwamkele kwaye uhlale ubonwabile kuthatha ukuzinikezela nolwazi. Izibonelelo aziyi kukwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle koncedo lwamavolontiya abo.
Iintlobo zeNtlangano yeNzuzo ezingenzi-nzuzo
Utshintsho luyenzeka kwisantya se-breakneck ngoku. Akufani nentsingiselo.
Online 24/7
Mhlawumbi i-intanethi iye yazisa utshintsho olukhulu kwiindlela ukungenzi nzuzo ngayo, kokubili ukuhambisa iinkonzo kunye nokuxhaswa kwemali.
Ukunikezela nge-intanethi, nangona kuseyona nxalenye encinci yokuphilisa, kuye kwanda ngokukhawuleza kunokuba nayiphi na uhlobo lokunikezela. Abaxhasi basebenzisa amakhadi abo ekwereta ukuze benze iminikelo ye-intanethi, ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zabo eziphathekayo, kunye nakumajelo asekuhlaleni.
Ngenxa yoko, ukuxhaswa kwezimali kuye kwikhompyutha , okanye kuninzi kumanqanaba . Akukho nanye indlela yokuxhaswa ngemali okanye ukunika imisebenzi yodwa. Ngokomzekelo, umnikeli ofumana ileta yokuthumela imali ngeposi angaya kwikompyutha ukwenza umnikelo wakhe.
Abaxhasi abancinci ngokukhethekileyo bathanda ukunikezela nge-intanethi kwaye baphendule kakuhle kwizibheno ezithunyelwe nge-imeyile okanye kwi-media media.
Abanikeli abaninzi basebenzisa ii-apps kwii-Smartphones zabo ukunikela imali encinci yemali ngelixa bahlala ubomi babo. Ngokomzekelo, i- CharityMiles ivumela abaxhasi ukuba bakhethe izibonelelo ezinomnikelo omncinci xa behamba, baleka okanye bajikeleza.
Ivavolonti nayo ibuye ibe yinkxaso-esekelwe ngakumbi kunye neyona nto. Amavolontiya ngoku angasebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo kwi-intanethi, bhalisa kwi-Intanethi, khangela kwi-intanethi, kwaye uphendule kwi-intanethi ithuba elifanelekileyo lokuzithandela .
Okwangoku, iindaba zoluntu zentlalo ziqhuba yonke imisebenzi malunga nayo yonke inceba. Amajelo asekuhlaleni anika abaxhasi ithuba, bangasetyenziselwa ukuqaphela amavolontiya kunye nokusasaza iindaba. Ngaphezulu, i-media media iyindawo yonke ngenxa yama-smartphones kunye namacwecwe. Akukho luthando luyakwazi ukulihoxisa.
Amashishini aphendukele kwiNzuzo ezingenziNcedo kunye noXanduva loLuntu lweNtlalo
Kubonakala ukuba abathengi bathanda iinkampani ezibuyisayo . Amashishini athathe isaziso kwaye asebenze kunye nongenzi nzuzo ukukholisa abathengi kunye nabasebenzi abaqaphele ngoluntu.
Ukuxhaswa kweziganeko zokuncedisa kunye neenkqubo zokubangela ukuthengisa ziye zanda minyaka yonke, okwenza kube nzima ukuba iinzuzo ezingenzi nzuzo kunye neenkampani zingabi nxaxheba.
Phantse nawuphi na umkhiqizo onokuwucingela usetyenziswe ukuthengisa. Iimpawu ezintle ziquka iikariti zeebhodini zemidlalo zeebhanki zerinki ngexesha leNyanga yokuQaphela iCarcer. Iiprogram zokunceda ezithandwa ngabathengi abaninzi abathengi kwiivenkile zokutya kunye neevenkile zentengiso ziye zithandwa kakhulu kwaye ziqhamo.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezoshishino kunye nothando kuya kukhula ngakumbi.
Okwangoku, oosomashishini bezentlalo banokuthatha imisebenzi yokunceda kwinqanaba elitsha. Oosomashishini bezentlalo bahlakulela iimveliso kunye neenkonzo ezingathengiswa ngamaxabiso afanelekileyo kubantu abengozi-mngcipheko, ngokunjalo ukudibanisa inzuzo kunye nentlalo yoluntu.
Izakhiwo ezintsha zentlangano zizisa i-nonprofit kunye nezoshishino zisondelelene. Le mibutho ye-hybrid ibandakanya iinkampani zenkxaso (ii-Corporations B) kunye ne-L3Cs (iinkampani eziphantsi kweenzuzo ezincinci).
Imfuno yokubonakaliswa kweNkcazo kunye noXanduva
Uluntu lufuna ukuba izibonelelo zithembeke kwaye zibonise iziphumo zeminikelo abayifumanayo. Uninzi lwabantu, ingakumbi abaselula, bafuna ukubona imiphumo yabo yokupha.
Ukunikezela nge-intanethi kulula kangaka, ezininzi iimkhankaso zokuxhaswa ngemali ziye zahluma. Abaxhasi banokunika kunye nokunyusa imali kubahlobo abathile, umntu othile okanye amaxhoba okungabi nabulungisa. Iziza ze-Crowdfunding ziye zanda ukukwenza oku kunokwenzeka, ngaloo ndlela kukhuphisana nokuxhaswa kwemibutho.
Izibonelelo kufuneka zenze okungaphezulu ukuhambisa umphumo osheshayo kubaxhasi okanye ukufumana ukuba uninzi lweminikelo yokuncedisa idlula inzuzo engenzileyo kwaye iya ngqo kubalamkeli.
Imibutho emininzi yokubukela igcina amathebhu kwiimali zenkxaso kunye nokubeka imigangatho yokusebenza kakuhle, ukusebenza kakuhle, nokucaca. Uxinzelelo lwezinto zokuncedisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iibalo zeedola ziye zanda.
Ixesha elonwabisayo lokuba yinxalenye yecandelo elingenzi nzuzo, naphezu kwemingeni yalo kunye noshintsho olukhawulezayo. Ukuqala ukungenzi nzuzo , ukusebenzela enye , ukuzithandela , nokuxhasa ngemali inkxaso yokuncedisa zonke iindlela zokwenza indawo ibe yindawo engcono.