Imirhumo yeeNkonzo
Nangona sicinga ngokuzenzekelayo ngeminikelo xa sicinga ngezinto ezingenzi nzuzo, enyanisweni, ininzi yengeniso yecandelo loncedo livela kwiintlawulo zeenkonzo kunye nokuthengiswa kwemveliso.
NgokweZiko leSizwe leZiko lokuThuthukisa, iimithombo zengeniso zanikela malunga nesiqingatha (47,5 ekhulwini) yenani lemali yenzuzo yoluntu ngo-2013. Enye ikota yeengeniso ivela kwiikontraka zikaRhulumente zeenkonzo.
Iyunivesiti kawonkewonke, umzekelo, inxalenye enkulu exhaswa ngabahlawuli berhafu kwimeko ethile. Leyunivesiti iphinda ihlawulwe i-qualification, ifumana izibonelelo zorhulumente zophando (kwimeko yophando lwempi, inzuzo enkulu), kwaye ithengisa iimveliso ngokusebenzisa iincwadi zokugcina iincwadi kunye namathikithi kwimicimbi yezobugcisa kunye nezemidlalo. Isibhedlele sithengisa iimveliso kwiivenkile zesipho kunye neenkonzo zonyango ezihlawulwe zizigulane, iinkampani zomshuwalense kunye noorhulumente.
Iminikelo yokunikela
Nangona yonke ingeniso yeengeniso-nzuzo ivela kwi-insortment of sources, yiphi iminikelo kodwa inxalenye, abantu ngabona mthombo omkhulu weminikelo yokuncedisa kwimibutho engenzi-nzuzo.
Ngokutsho kokunika i-USA, ukunikezela okunikezelwayo kwi-US kwafikelela kuma-dollar ayi-373.25 yezigidigidi ngo-2015. Kwaloo mali, amaphesenti angama-71 avela kubantu. Zonke ezinye i-pie philanthropic zenziwa ngamashishini karhulumente kunye neziseko, iinkolelo kunye nenkxaso yokusebenzisana.
UbuChwepheshe beCandelo
I-philanthropy yenkampani ibe yinto ebalulekileyo yobuninzi beenkampani ezinkulu kunye namashishini amaninzi amancinane.
Uxanduva loxanduva lwezentlalo (CSR) luba luleke ngakumbi kuba abathengi baye bathenga ukuthenga kwiinkampani ezinoxanduva loluntu.
Inkxaso-mali yenkxaso-mali inokuzibophelela ixesha elide kwizizathu ezithile kunye nezibonelelo ezinxulumene nabo, okanye kunokuba ne-episodic kunye ne-market-driven driven, ejikelezayo malunga neeprojekthi ezithile, iziganeko kunye neeprojekthi. Imali evela kwiinkampani ingaba ngumthombo ofanelekileyo wokuxhasa amanyathelo amatsha, iinkqubo ezizodwa kunye neziganeko ezizodwa.
Iingeniso-nzuzo zijonge ngokubanzi amathuba okubambisana ngokubambisana kunye neenkxaso -mali ezichaphazelekayo . Iinkampani zihlala zibanceda abaqeshwa babo banikezela kwizinto ezincedisayo kwaye bafanise loo mnikelo . Iiprogram zokuzithandela zabasebenzi ziyaziwayo, kwaye ezinye izibonelelo zibophelelwe kwiiyure zomsebenzi wokuzithandela .
Federal, State, kunye noRhulumente beNgingqi
Uninzi olungenzi nzuzo luzuzisa kuwo onke amanqanaba karhulumente. Imizekelo ebalulekileyo imfundo kawonkewonke, imfundo ephakamileyo kunye neendaba zoluntu. Izibonelelo zikaRhulumente, zombuso kunye neendawo zorhulumente zengxowa-mali zibonelela ngeenkqubo ezininzi ezibonelelwa ngongeniso-nzuzo, ingakumbi kwinkonzo yabantu kunye nokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Izibonelelo ze-Grants.gov zibonelela ngolwazi olusisigxina kunye noluhlu lwemali-mali.
IFededated Funds
Imizamo esekelwe emphakathini njenge-United Way, i-United Arts, kunye nemali yoluntu ingaba yimithombo ethembekileyo yemali eninzi.
Iimali ezixhaswe ngemali ziye zaneliswa ngenxa yokuba zisekela abasebenzi ngokunika iinkampani. Namhlanje, baye bathenjwa kakhulu njengoko iindlela ezintsha zokunikezelwa kwabasebenzi zisiwe kwaye njengabaxhasi abancinci, njengamawaka eminyaka , bafuna ukubandakanyeka ngakumbi kwiimfuno zabo.
Ukuncedisa Izibonelelo Zoluntu
Izibonelelo zentlalo ngumnqamlezo phakathi kwesiseko sabucala kunye nothando. Ngokuqhelekileyo bafumana inkxaso-mali evela kuluntu jikelele, urhulumente kunye neziseko ezizimeleyo . Baya kwenza inkonzo kawonke, kodwa ngokukodwa bakhulisa imali kwaye banike inkxaso ngezinye iinkonzo ezingenzi nzuzo ezibonelela ngenkonzo.
Unokufumana uninzi oluncedo lwezibonelelo zoluntu kwingingqi yakho. Abanye badibaniswa nentlangano kazwelonke; I-Junior League ngumzekelo onjalo. Iifayile zokuncedisa izibonelelo zikawonke-wonke i- IRS ifom ye-990 , ngoko ke ulwazi malunga nabo lunokufumaneka kwiinkcukacha ezininzi, ezifana ne-Foundation Cente r ne-GuideStar.
Iziseko
Iziseko ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo, kodwa izibonelelo zabo zingaba zininzi kwaye zibalulekileyo.
- Iziseko zenkampani ziziseko ezizimeleyo, kodwa iibhodi zazo zivame ukuba zenziwe ngamagosa oshishino. Iimali zabo zenkxaso zikhona ngokwahlukileyo kwi-corporation, kwaye zinezakhono zabasebenzi.
- Iziseko zeentsapho zithola izibonelelo ezivela kubantu okanye kwiintsapho. Iziseko ezininzi zeentsapho ziye zahlala ixesha elide kwaye ziba ngamagama emakhaya. Cinga ngeSiseko seGates , iRockefeller Foundation kunye neFort Foundation. Iziseko zeentsapho ezininzi zineenkxaso kwiibhiliyoni, kodwa ezininzi iziseko zentsapho zincinci kakhulu, zithatha ukuxhaswa ngeengxowa-mali, kwaye zisoloko zingenazo izakhono zabasebenzi. Ezi ntlobo ziseko zisoloko zinika imali kwizinto zokuncedisa .
- Iziseko ezisemphakathini ziziseko zomphakathi eziza kubandakanya ixabiso lempahla yabaxhasi abaninzi. Basebenzela ukuphucula uluntu lwabo basekuhlaleni ngokunikezela ngeemali, ukunikezela ngeengxowa-mali, kunye nokubonelela ngeenkonzo kubaxhasi. Iziseko ezisemphakathini ziye zasebenza kakhulu ekuboneleleni ngemali abacebisi abacebisi abafuna ukuba neenjongo ekunikezeni kwabo kodwa abafuni ukuseka iziseko zabo zangasese. Iziseko ezisemphakathini namhlanje zihlala ziququzelela ukunika iintsuku ukunceda iingeniso zengingqi zonyusa imali .
Ukuphindaphinda ngokumalunga noxhasomali
Ngaphandle kokufuna inkxaso evela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, inkqubo yakho yokuxhaswa kwemali kufuneka ifumane inkxaso eqhubekayo yezemali kunye nenkxaso ye-episodic.
- Inkxaso ephindaphindiweyo ivela ngeenkqubo kunye nemisebenzi efana neNgxowa-mali yonyaka . Ingxowa yonyaka ithetha nje kuphela-yonyaka (okanye ngokuphindaphindiweyo) ibhenela kwiqela elibalulekileyo labameli. Iimali ezinjalo zihlala zingenakuvinjelwa-ezifumanekayo nayiphi na into-kwaye ingabonisa ipesenteji ebalulekileyo yengeniso yonyaka engenzi-nzuzo.
- Ukuthengiswa kweeMveliso kunye neeNkonzo. Ezinye izinto ezingenzi nzuzo zizithengisa okanye zibonelele ngeenkonzo ezingabonisa umrhumo omkhulu wemali. I-Girl Scouts ngumzekelo omnye ocacileyo kunye nentengiso yayo yaminyaka yonke yamakhukhi, kunye ne-Goodwill Industries mhlawumbi ngumthengisi omkhulu kunabo bonke abangenzi nzuzo. I-symphony okanye i-theater ifumana inzuzo ngokuthengiswa kwamathikithi. Nangona kunjalo, imali engenayo kufuneka ihambelane nomsebenzi wenhlangano, okanye ingahlawuliswa njengenzuzo engenxulumene nezoshishino .
- Izibonelelo ezininzi. Inhlangano enikezela ngegranti njengesi siseko inokubonelela ngemali ekhuselekileyo kwinkqubo ethile okanye imali engavumelekanga ukuba incedise iindleko eziphezulu zokuqhuba umbutho.
- Imali Yenkxaso. Iininzi ezininzi ezingenzi nzuzo, ngokukodwa amaziko aphakamileyo emfundo, kunye nemibutho yokunakekelwa kwempilo yakha iimali ezinkulu zemali ezivelisa umdla oxhasa iinkqubo zabo. Inkxaso-mali ye-Episodic ivela kwiziko okanye izibonelelo zenkampani, iziganeko ezikhethekileyo , okanye i- bequest . Le mali ingabinqatshelwe okanye ingavinjelwe.
Iintlobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zokuxhaswa kwemali
Iphulo elikhulu liyinzame engaphelelanga ixesha kunye nenhlangano engenzi nzuzo ukuphakamisa idola ekhethekileyo kwiprojekthi ethile, njengale:
- Ukuxhaswa kwesakhiwo esitsha
- Ukukhulisa imali yeprojekthi ethile, njengophando loomhlaza
- Ukwandisa i-asethi ethile efana nesibonelelo
Iiprojekthi ezinkulu ziqala kunye nokuphela kodwa zihlala zihamba iminyaka emininzi. Iphulo elikhulu lisebenzisa zonke iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuphakamisa iimali ezifana ne-imeyile ngqo kunye nokucebisa ngokuthe ngqo. Iiprojekthi ezinkulu zifuna ukulungiswa okubanzi kunye nokusebenza ngobuchule.
Uninzi olungenzi-nzuzo ngoku luye lwacwangcisa ukunika iinkqubo ezibanceda abaxhasi zibandakanya izizathu zabo ezizithandayo kwiintando zabo okanye ukucwangciswa kwezindlu. Isipho esizinikezelayo isipho siye sithandwa kakhulu kubaxhasi abaninzi njengoko ivumela ukuba iingeniso zerhafu ngelixa zibonelela ngengeniso ngexesha lokuphila komniki-mali.
Isicwangciso esisebenzayo sokuqokelela imali siquka ukulingana kwezi zinto kunye nemithombo. Ukuseka imali engapheliyo, eqhubekayo ngumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu, olandelwa yinyxaso-mali eya kukhulisa umbutho nokuqinisekisa ikusasa layo.