Ngelishwa, iipolisi zepropati ezininzi zinikezela ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo iikhomputha kunye nezixhobo ezihambelanayo.
Enye into, inkcazo "yepropati ehlanganisiweyo" ingabandakanyi yonke into okanye iinxalenye zekhompyutha. Okwesibini, izixhobo zombane kunye nedatha zihlaselwa ngumonakalo ngengozi (njengamagunya ombane) angabandakanywa yimigaqo-nkqubo emininzi. Okwesithathu, imigaqo-nkqubo inika "inqaku elongezelelweyo" lwedatha yekhompyutha, isofthiwe, kunye (kwezinye iimeko) iikhomputha. Nangona kunjalo, isixa-mali sokubonelela esikuboneleleko sisoloko sinciphise.
Eli nqaku liza kuchaza ubungakanani bekhompyutha kunye neenkcukacha ezigqitywa phantsi kwenguqu yakamuva (2012) ye- ISO Building kunye neFom yoPhulo lwePropati. Abanye abatshutshisi basebenzise le fom "njengoko kunjalo" xa kukhutshwa imigaqo-nkqubo yepropati. Abanye baye bahlakulela zabo iifom esebenzisa ifom ye-ISO njengendawo yokuqala. Uninzi lweefom zomshuwalense zibanzi, okanye zibanzi, kunefomu ye-ISO.
Ipropati eViweyo
Iikhomputha kunye nezixhobo zepheripher like abaprinteli kunye nabahloli bafanelekela "njengepropati ehlanganisiweyo" phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo wepropati ye-ISO.
Ezi zinto "yimishini kunye nezixhobo" ngoko ke zibhekwa njengepropati yomntu.
Ngokungafani nehardware yekhompyutheni, nangona kunjalo, isofthiwe kunye nedatha yekhompyutheni ayifakwe kwipropati. Idatha ye-elektroniki ifakiwe kwiluhlu "lwepropati engahlanganiswayo" phantsi kweShishini lePropati yoMntu. Idatha ye-elektroniki ichazwe ngokubanzi.
Eli gama liquka ulwazi, iinkcukacha okanye iinkqubo zekhompyutha ezigcinwe okanye kwi-software kwikhompyutha, ii-disks ezinzima kunye nezinye izixhobo zokugcina. Iprojekthi iquka zombini iinkqubo kunye nesofthiwe yesicelo.
Kwakhona kufakwe uluhlu "lwepropati engathanjwanga" yindleko yokubuyisela okanye ukubuyisela ulwazi olulahlekileyo kwiimviwo kunye neirekodi ezixabisekileyo . Ukukhutshwa kusebenza kumaphepha amaphepha kunye neerekhodi ezikhuselekileyo kunye nezo zikhoyo njengedatha yekhompyutha. Umgaqo-nkqubo unikezela "ezinye iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo" kwiindleko zokubuyisela amaphepha axabisekileyo abonakalisiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, le nkcazo ayithethi kumaphepha axabisekileyo.
Iingxaki ezingekho
Iikhomputha, isofthiwe kunye nedatha zilawulwa yimimandla efanayo yeengozi (ezifana nezikhukula , iinyikima nezivunguvungu) ezingonakalisa malunga naluphina uhlobo lwepropati. Nangona kunjalo, basengozini ekumonakalisweni yingozi echazwe ngezantsi. Le mingcipheko ingabandakanywa phantsi kwefom ye-ISO kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo ye-insurers.
- Ukugqithiswa kwamandla Kuye kungabikho umonakalo obangelwa ukunyuka kwamandla, ukuba ukunyuka kubangelwa kukusilela kwamandla okuvela kwindawo yakho. Iingqungquthela ezivela kwisakhiwo sakho nazo zingabandakanywa xa zivela kwizixhobo zokusebenza ezisetyenziswayo kwindawo yakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umbane uphumelela kumngcipheko (njengomlilo), nayiphi na ilahleko elandelayo ihlanganiswe.
- Ukuphazamiseka kombane akubandakanyi umonakalo obangelwa ngamandla kagesi, magnetic okanye i-electromagnetic energy. Oku kubandakanya ukucima kombane, iifrikthi ezimfutshane kunye nombane ogesi. Ukuba kukho enye yale mingcipheko eyenza umlilo, umonakalo wepropati obangelwa ngumlilo uhlanganiswe.
- Utshintsho lokushisa Lungabikho umonakalo obangelwa utshintsho lobushushu okanye umswakama
- Ukuphulwa kweMishini Kuye kungabikho umonakalo obangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwemishini , kubandakanya umonakalo obangelwa ngamandla e-centrifugal.
Iinkcukacha ze-elektroniki kunye neSoftware
Umgaqo-nkqubo we-ISO unika "inqaku elongezelelweyo" lomonakalo kwidatha yekhompyutha . Khumbula ukuba eli gama liquka isofthiwe egcinwe kwikhompyutha yakho. Ubungakanani bunikezelwa ngeendleko zokutshintsha okanye ukubuyisela idatha yekhompyutheni eye yonakaliswe okanye yabhujiswa yingozi. Ziziphi iingozi ezihlanganiswe malunga nedatha yecomputer?
Impendulo ixhomekeke kwi "iimbangela zokulahlekelwa" ifom iqhotyoshelweyo kumgaqo-nkqubo wakho. Uninzi lwamashishini athenge ukufumana ingozi yonke (oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-ISO "iimbangela ezikhethekileyo zokulahleka") kunokuba kubekho iingozi ezibizo. Kucinga ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo uhlanganisa "iimbangela ezikhethekileyo zokulahleka," idatha yedijithali ifakwe iingozi ezilandelayo:
- Iimpawu ezichaziweyo zokulahleka Eli lixesha elichaziweyo elibandakanya ngaphezu kwezinto ezili-12 ezihlukeneyo ezifana nomlilo, umbane, isichotho , isivunguvungu somoya kunye nokuwa kwe-sinkhole .
- I-Virus yekhompyutha Ikhusela umonakalo kwidatha yekhompyutheni ebangelwa iikhowudi ezinobungozi okanye imiyalelo Akubandakanyi umonakalo obangelwa ukusetyenziswa kwekhompyutheni yakho ngumqeshwa , kubandakanywa nabasebenzi besikhashana okanye umsebenzi oqeshwe .
Umda owenzelwe umonakalo kwedatha yekhompyutheni i-$ 2,500 kuphela. Lo ngumda osemgangathweni osebenzayo kwixesha elipheleleyo lomgaqo-nkqubo. Ukuba awuyi kuthatha indawo yenkcazelo yakho eyonakalisiweyo, umgcini-mali uya kuhlawula iindleko zokutshintsha indawo yeendaba (njengokwenza i-disk drive yangaphandle) apho idatha igcinwe khona.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wakho wepropati unokubonelela ngokubanzi ukukhutshwa kweekhomputha, idatha kunye nesofthiwe kunefomu ye-ISO. I- arhente yakho okanye umthengisi angakunceda ukuba uqinisekise ukuba ukufihlakeleyo kudibana neemfuno zakho. Ukuba akunjalo, kufuneka uqikelele ukuthenga ukukhutshwa kwedatha ye-elektroniki .