Ekugqibeleni, umbuzo weminyaka endala oye wahlula abapolitiko baseWashington iminyaka: Ingaba umvuzo omncinci uphazamise okanye uzonceda iivenkile kunye nabasebenzi bawo?
Yintoni Eyona Mivuzo?
Umvuzo omncinci wesigqeba wasungulwa ngowe-1938 nguMongameli uFranklin Delano Roosevelt, njengenxalenye yeCandelo lakhe elitsha. Injongo yomvuzo omncinci wesigqeba, owawusekuqaleni kwama-25 entente ngeyure, kwakukuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi bahlawulwa umvuzo onokuphila (oya kubagcina ubumpofu). Ngokumalunga nokusekwa komvuzo omncinci, ukuhlawulwa kwexesha elingaphezu kwexesha kwangexesha elifanayo, njengenxalenye yoMthetho weMigangatho yamaLungelo eMisebenzi , ukuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi abasebenza iiyure ezingama-40 ngeveki bahlawulwa ixesha kunye nesiqingatha, kwimisebenzi ethile. Umvuzo utshintshwe yonke iminyaka embalwa yiCongress. Nangona kunjalo, umvuzo omncinci wamanje we-$ 7.25 / iyure ayizange igcine ijubane kunye nomyinge wokuphila okanye umvuzo onokuphila. Ukuba umvuzo omncinci wenyuswa ukubonakalisa indleko yokuphila kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso jikelele kuya kuba malunga ne-$ 11 ngeyure namhlanje.
Kuthetha ukuba ngowe-1938 umntu oqhelekileyo owenza umvuzo omncinci unokuzixhasa kunye nentsapho yabo ngelixa ehlala ehlwempu. Namhlanje, umqeshwa owenza umvuzo omncinci ufumana i-$ 15,080 ngonyaka (ecinga ukuba usebenza iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki, iiveki ezingama-52 ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yimini okanye ukuthatha usuku ngaphandle kokuhlawula).
Umgca wobuhlwempu kwintsapho yabini (njengomzali kunye nomntwana) ngu-$ 16,078.
Ngubani Owutholayo?
Ingxenye yokudideka malunga nabasebenzi abancinci kunye nabasityebini kukuqonda ngubani ofumana umvuzo oqingqiweyo kwaye ngubani ofumana umvuzo omncinci (okanye ngaphezulu) ngentlawulo yeeyure. Ukuze nje unike imvelaphi encinane, ukugxotha njengendlela yokufumana ingeniso kwaqalwa ngo-1942, xa iNkundla ePhakamileyo iqinisekisa ukuba nayiphi na iingcebiso ezinikezelwa ngabasebenzi ziphela kwipropati yaloo msebenzi; umqeshi okanye umphathi akakwazi ukubiza ukuba imali yoshishino. Ngama-1965 iingcebiso zihlawulwa ngumntu ngamnye kwaye ngo-1988 iiNkonzo zokutya zazifunwa ngumthetho ukuba zihlawule isabelo sazo se- FICA irhafu kwi-total income yengxelo yomvuzo wabasebenzi babo bokulinda. Ngonyaka ka-2012, i-tip mandatory yokudibanisa nabasebenzi bendlu yayingavunyelwe phantsi kokuhlaziywa kuMthetho weMigangatho yezabasebenzi.
Ngokomthetho, wonke umntu osebenza kwindawo yokutyela, kungakhathaliseki ukuba urhulumente kufuneka akhokhe ubuncinci be $ 7.25 ngeyure. Ngokuxhomekeke kumthetho wendawo yokuhlawula umvuzo omncinci, iiseva zokutyela zingakhokhelwa into eyaziwa ngokuba 'ngumvuzo'. Umvuzo osisigxina u-$ 2.13 ngeyure, kunye nokubonelelwa ukuba ukuba umqeshwa wempesheni owenza umvuzo omncinci we-$ 7.25 ngeyure nganye yokuhamba (kungekhona ngeveki) umqeshi ukwenza umehluko (obizwa ngokuba ngumvuzo omncinci wemali ).
Ngoko ke, ukuba ungumseli wevenkile osebenze ukutshintsha kwe-8 ngexesha lesiphango sekhephu kwaye kwakukho iitafile ezimbalwa kuphela, iingcebiso zakho zinokuba ngu-10 kuphela. Elinganisa i $ 1.25 ngeyure. Umqeshi wakho ufuna ukuhlawula i-dollar ezintandathu ukuya kweeyure ukuqinisekisa ukuba ireyithi yakho yehora idibene nomvuzo omncinci wenkampani.
Kuthiwani Ngeengcebiso ZomSeva?
Enye yezona ndawo zidibeneyo zokudideka ezijikeleze umvuzo osisiseko yile ngcebiso kuba iseva kunye nabasemagqabini bafumana. Ngokutsho kweSebe laseMelika laseMelika, i-tip isona sakhiwo somntu kuphela. Kuyinyani nawuphi na umsebenzi kwiphina i-shishini, ukusuka kwiivenkile ukuya kubaqhubi beetekisi ukuya kubasi bezinwele. Unokwenza ugqirha wakho ugqirha ugqirha ukuba uyayifuna, kwaye loo mali yakhe yokugcina ngaphandle kokuba umqeshi wakhe enomgaqo obhaliweyo malunga nokungamkeli izicwangciso. Ukutshanje ukuphakamisa umvuzo omncinci kumazwe ahlukeneyo kuye kwaphumela kumanani ahlukeneyo omvuzo wabasebenzi abaqingqiweyo.
Ngokomzekelo, kwiColorado, iinkonzo zokudlela ezincinci umvuzo werhafu (aka) umvuzo uhlawule ngoku i-$ 6.28 ngeyure. E-Idaho, umvuzo omncinci wemali ngu-3.35 ngeyure. E-Alaska naseCalifornia, akukho mvuzo ophantsi; Iiseva zihlawulelwa umvuzo omncinci we-$ 9.8 kunye ne-10 ngokulandelana.
Ukuqhawula umvuzo omncinci, njengokuba benza e-Alaska naseCalifornia bangabonakala behle kwiphepha. Emva koko, ngubani onokufumana nge $ 2.13 ngeyure? Kodwa abaninzi abasebenzi basevenkile kwilizwe kunye nomvuzo ophakanyisiweyo okanye umvuzo osisigxina esincinci benza ubuncinane ngaphantsi kokukwenza phantsi kwe-$ 2.13 ngeyure. Kwenzekile eMaine, apho ukunyuka kwangoko kumvuzo osisiseko kwi $ 9 kunye ne-minned tipped. umvuzo ukuya kwi-$ 5, uye wabona ezinye iinkalo zehla kwiingcebiso. Ngokomncedisi kwinqaku le-Maine Radio yomsakazo, iingcebiso zakhe ziye zenza inxalenye kuba abathengi bacinga ukuba wenza umvuzo ophezulu ngaphezu kweeyure. "Ndineetafile enye, ngokukodwa, iiveki ezimbalwa ezedlule, undishiye i-$ 5 kwi $ 65 kwaye ndathi omnye komnye, 'Kutheni umtshintshela? Yenza i-$ 12 ngeyure, ngoku. '"
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iindleko zokuphila kunye nomvuzo ophakathi zihluka ukusuka kwindawo ukuya endaweni. Ngokomzekelo, e-New York, apho ubuncinci obuncinci bekuyi-$ 9 engasweleki kumncinci ofunekayo kumvuzo wendawo ohlala kuyo kwi-Big Apple, okuqikelelwa ukuba yi-14,52 yeyure ngeyure. Ngokwahlukileyo, ilizwe laseWashington liphawulwe ngokuba neendleko eziphantsi kakhulu zokuphila, oku kuthetha ukuba ubuncinci bemivuzo eyi-9.42 iyure ihamba ngokubanzi kubasebenzi bokutyela.
Ngaba Ukwanda Kubuhlungu Ukutyela?
Abagxeki bonyuka bemivuzo encinane, kuquka iNational Restaurant Association, bachaza umonakalo owenzelwa uqoqosho, okubangelwa ukulahlekelwa kwemisebenzi kunye namaxabiso akhuphiswano kwabathengi, okwenyaniso. Ngokwe-Ofisi engabonakaliyo ye-Budget Office "Ukunyusa umvuzo omncinci kuya kuba nefuthe ezimbini ezibalulekileyo kumsebenzi omvuzo ongezantsi. Uninzi lwabo luya kufumana umvuzo ophezulu oya kunyusa inzuzo yabo yentsapho, kwaye ezinye zeentsapho ziya kubona ingeniso yabo iphakame ngaphezu komda wehlwempu. Kodwa eminye imisebenzi yabaqeshwa abaphantsi-mali abaya kupheliswa, ingeniso yabasebenzi abaninzi abangazange bafumane umsebenzi beza kuwela kakhulu, kwaye isabelo sabasebenzi abaphantsi-mali abaqeshwe mhlawumbi baya kuwela. "
Abaxhasi bokunyusa umvuzo omncinci, kuquka namaqela afana ne-Fight for 15 ne-Restaurant Opportunities Centers United anokubonisa ukuba umvuzo omncinci wamanje awukho umvuzo onokuphila. Kwimveliso yokutyela, ngokukodwa, umvuzo ophantsi udla ngokudibanisa ne-inshorensi yempilo engabizi kwaye akukho zibonelelo ezinjengeemidlalo zomhlalaphantsi, i-akhawunti yokulondoloza impilo. Umvuzo omncinci uphinde uthintele abafazi kunye nabancinci - i-yorhwebo yabasebenzi bezona zorhwebo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba unyuke umvuzo wecala okanye unxamnye nalo, njengomnini wevenkile okanye umphathi kubalulekile ukwazi yonke imigaqo nemimiselo ejikeleze umvuzo kwilizwe lakho. Kwakhona ingqiqo yoshishino ukuhlawula abasebenzi ngaphezu komvuzo omncinci, ukugcina imali engaphantsi kunye nokuphucula inkonzo yabathengi. Akukho bukhulu bomntu obukhulu-bonke kule ngxaki. Iintlawulo kunye neendleko zokuphila zihluka ngokubanzi ukusuka kwiphondo ukuya kwilizwe. Umnini wevenkile ufuna iinto ezifanelekileyo kumsebenzi wakhe kunye nabasebenzi bayo.