Nangona inkcazo ye-franchise ingahluka kumgangatho welizwe, phantsi kwe-Federal Trade Commission ("i-FTC Rule") echaza ukuthengiswa kwemali kulo lonke elaseUnited States, ubudlelwane bezoshishino lufaneleke njengeFranchise ukuba iimeko ezilandelayo zidibene:
- I-franchisor ilayisenisa iimpawu zayo zokuthengisa , amanqaku enkonzo, igama lezorhwebo, i-logo, okanye amanye amanqaku afanelekileyo kwi-franchisee;
- I-franchisor ine " ulawulo oluphawulekayo lokusebenza " okanye "uncedo olungundoqo" kwishishini le-franchisee; kwaye
- I-franchisee yenza intlawulo kwi-franchiseor ubuncinane be-$ 500 (ngonyaka ulungiswe) mhlawumbi ngaphambi okanye kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuvula ishishini.
Eyesithathu Element
Isiqendu sesithathu siqheleke kwiindlela ezimbini, kwaye zihlala zimbini iindlela. Enye indlela ingaba inkokhelo eqhubekayo ukuba i-franchisee ikhokhe i-franchiseor kuwo wonke umphefumlo kwisivumelwano sokuthengiswa kwemali. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa yiNtlawulo yeMveli , okanye iLungelo lokuHlaba, kwaye inokubalwa ngeendlela ezininzi, kodwa kwiinkqubo ezininzi ziphela nje iipesenti zengeniso epheleleyo okanye yenetha. Le ntlawulo, kunye kunye nokuba kaninzi kangakanani kuya kuhlawulwa (ngeveki, ngenyanga, ngekota, njl.) Ichazwa kwixwebhu lokubhengeza i-franchise .
IFranchise Fee
Enye indlela yokudibana nalo mqathango wentlawulo yi- Franchise Fee .
Ngokuqhelekileyo inkokhelo yokuqala leyo i-franchise eyenza ukuba i-franchisor xa isayina isivumelwano sayo sokuthengiswa kwemali kwaye ibe yi-franchise. Le ntlawulo ingaba nayiphina imali engaphezu kwe-500 zamaxabiso (kufuneka ibe ngaphezu kwe-$ 500 ukuze ibangele "inkokhelo" yecandelo le-FTC Rule) kwaye ngokubanzi kuluhlu lwama-$ 10,000 ukuya kwii-50,000 zamawaka. Njengoko iLungelo leNdawo eqhubekayo, i-Franchise Fee ichazwa- phambili kwirekhodi lokudalulwa kwe-franchise.
Ngelixa abantu abaninzi balinganisa intlawulo ye-Franchise Fee kunye neenkonzo zokuqala kunye nenkxaso ehlinzekwa yi-franchisor , akunjalo kwimeko yezivumelwano zokuthengiswa kwemali. Umrhumo umvuzo nje wokujoyina inkqubo ye-franchise phantsi kwemiqathango equlethwe yi-franchisor kwaye ivunyelwene ne-franchisee kwisivumelwane sokuthengiswa kwemali. Indlela efanelekileyo yokucinga ngeFreechise Fee kukulinganisa nemali yokuqala eyahlawulwa ukujoyina iklabhu yelizwe. I-Franchise Fee ifana neendleko zangaphambili zokujoyina iklabhu yelizwe, kunye neentlawulo zeeNdawo eziqhubekayo zihambelana nemali eqhubekayo yokuhlala ilungu. Imbopheleleko yamacandelo kwabanye kwiimeko zombini kunye neeklabhu zelizwe zichazwe kwizivumelwano, kunye nesivumelwano sokuthengiswa kwemali-mali, ukwahlula phakathi kweenkonzo kunye neentlawulo zichazwe ngokucacileyo kwaye zihlukene ngokwasemzimbeni.
Isixa-mali i-franchiseor isetyenziswe njengoko i-Franchise Fee yabo ihluka kwi-shishini ukuya kwi-industry kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kuma-franchisors kwishishini elifanayo. Ngokona nxalenye, i-franchiseor iya kubeka i-Franchise Fee kwizinga eliya kubanceda ukuba bathengise ithuba labo kwii-franchisees, bahlawule iikomishishini kubathengisi bemali-mboleko, kwaye banike izibonelelo eziyimfuneko ukubonelela ngenkxaso yokuqala kwi-franchisees.
Ezi ndleko ngokubanzi zibandakanya uqeqesho lokuqala, ukutyelela ukuvuma isayithi kunye nokubeka iliso ukuphuhliswa kwendawo ye-franchisee, ukukhangisa kwangaphambili kunye nenkxaso yokuvula, phakathi kwezinye iindleko.
Ukubeka iifizi zabo, i-franchiseors iyaqaphela kwakhona imirhumo yokuqala ehlawulwe ngabaqhubi abachanekileyo kunye nabanye abajolise kwii-franchisees ezifanayo, kunye nokujonga indlela abafuna ukubeka ngayo ilungelo lokuthengisa kwiimarike.
Kuba abatsha-mabhankqalazi abatsha abangakhange bavelise iipayipi ezinamandla zama-franchisees apho bangakwazi ukusasaza iindleko zabo phezu kweenqununu ezininzi, i-Franchise Fee yokuqala ingaba yinzuzo enkulu. Njengoko i-franchise system iyaziwa kangcono kwaye banomlambo onamandla ngakumbi wokuba i-franchisees, i-franchiseors ingaqalisa ukunyusa iindleko zabo phezu kwenani elikhulayo labathengi banokwenza imali.
Ukususela kwiingxelo zemali, de kube i-franchisor inikezele ngokubanzi yonke inkxaso yenkxaso yokuqala enyanzelekileyo (ngokubanzi iboniswe xa i-franchise ivulekileyo ishishini), abakwazi ukuqonda iFranchise Fee njengeniso.
Kwabaninzi bamaFranchise imali yokuqala yeFranchise ayikhothathethwano kodwa, njengawuphi na isivumelwano, inani leFranchise Fee nayiphi na into emibini iyavuma ukuba. Ukuchithwa kweeFranchising kukho konke ukuphendulela okuqhubekayo nokuzinzileyo, kwaye ukuba omnye umntu ohlawula i-franchisee uhlawule i-Franchise Fee ngaphezu kweminye, kunokubangela ubudlelwane kunye nezinye iingxaki ngaphakathi kwenkqubo. Umgaqo omhle okumele ulandele kwimirhumo yokumisela ukuqinisekisa ukuba ama-franchisees kwiimeko ezifanayo kufuneka aphathwe ngendlela efanayo.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko ezimbalwa apho ama-franchise abaza kuguqula inani lemali yokuqala yoFranchise:
- Ukuphuhliswa kweeNyunithi ezininzi : Xa i-franchisee ivuma ukuvula indawo ezininzi kwixesha lexesha elichaziweyo, oku kubizwa ngokuqhelekileyo isivumelwano sophuhliso lweeyunithi . Kulolu hlobo lwesivumelwano, akuqhelekanga kubabhankaseli ukunciphisa i-Franchise Fee yeendawo apho i-franchisee ihlelwe ukuba ivule kamva kwishedyuli yophuhliso. Ngokomzekelo, i-franchisee iya kufuneka ihlawule i-$ 35,000 ye-Franchise Fee eziqhelekileyo kwiiyunithi ezimbini zokuqala ezivula, kodwa kuphela i-30,000 zama-dollar kwiiyunithi ezintathu ukuya kwezihlanu. Oku kusebenza njengenkuthazo yokuba i-franchisee ivule ngaphezulu kweyunithi enye. Kwakhona kuya kuba yinto eqhelekileyo kwii-franchisees eziliqela ezityikitywe kwisivumelwano soPhuhliso ukuhlawula imali engaphantsi yokuhlawula.
- Imali yokuTshintsha: Nangona ngeklasi engekho iFreechise Fee yokuqala, iRhafu yokuThuthwa iyahlawulwa xa i-franchisee ithengisa ishishini labo kwaye idlulisela amalungelo abo njenge-franchise kwelinye iqela. I-franchise "entsha" iya kuhlawula i-franchiseor i-Transfer Fee, ngokuqhelekileyo ibe yimali echanekileyo okanye iphesenti ye-franchiseor ye-Franchise Fee ekhoyo.
- Imali yokuhlaziywa: Ekupheleni kwexesha lesivumelwano sokuthengiswa kwemali-mali, kuxhomekeke kwilungelo le-franchisee ilungelo lokuhlaziya kunye nobudlelwane ngokwemiqathango yesivumelwano sabo, banokukhetha ukuhlaziya ubuhlobo kunye ne-franchisor. Umrhumo wokuqala ohlawulayo xa ungena kwisivumelwano esilandelayo ngokubhekiselele kubizwa ngokuba yiNtlawulo yoKuvuselela okanye iNtlawulo. Efana nemali yokudlulisa, imali yokuhlaziya ngokuqhelekileyo isamba esincinane kunokuhlawulwa kwii-franchisees ezintsha.
- Iqela leZiseko: Abanye abaqhubi be-franchise, xa beqala ukunikela nge-franchises, qaphela ukuba ii-franchisees zabo zokuqala zikhangeleka ithuba labo ngokungafani nokukhangela i-franchiseor. Ukuze unqobe nayiphi na ingozi eyongeziweyo eyongeziweyo kunye nokubeka phambili ipompo yokuthengisa i-franchise, uya kudla ngokubona ama-franchise anikezela imali eyancitshiswayo into edlalwa ngokuba yi "clubers founders." Ngokomzekelo, abaqhubi bee-franchise banganciphisa i-Franchise Fee yabo yokuqala 5 okanye ii-franchise ezili-10, okanye ngaphezulu koluya kulaba bantu abaza kufikelela kwisivumelwano phambi komhla othile; njengesilingo sokusayina isivumelwano abasinikezela ngentlawulo engaphantsi kwee-franchise kula ma-franchises angenayo. Le mirhumo eyancitshisiwe ichazwa kumaphepha abo okunikezela, inikezela umhla ocacileyo okanye ezinye iiparitha, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba kubangele iingxaki zama-franchisees abhalise kamva phantsi kweFree Franchise Fee.
Ngexesha eliqhelekileyo, izivumelwano zokuthengiswa kwemali-mboleko ziyimvumelwano yokubambelela (ezingenakuthatyathwa), kukho iziganeko ezininzi apho iimeko zingathengiswa khona, kwaye ngelixa zingavamile, iiNtlawulo zeFranchise ziphantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo zingena kwidibaniselwano.
Ekumiseni imirhumo yabo, i-franchisors kufuneka ibalwe ukubuyiswa kweemali kwii-franchisees zabo kwaye baqinisekise ukuba izinga lokubuyisela lanelekile kokubili i-franchisee kunye ne-franchise system ngokubanzi ukufezekisa iziphumo zemali ezifunwayo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile xa ubeka iifizi zokuqala kunye eziqhubekayo ukuba abaqhubi be-franchise bahlolisise ngokupheleleyo uqoqosho lolwalamano. Ukuhlawula imali ejoliswe ngokukodwa kulabo abahlawulwa ngabaphikisana ngokukodwa ngenye yezona ndlela eziqhelekileyo kunye nezonakalisa kakhulu abachaphazelekayo abatsha abaqhubela phambili kwaye zivame ukuphumela kwiimirhumo eziphakamileyo okanye eziphantsi kakhulu, zombini ezingonakalisa inkqubo ye-franchise.