Kule ntsingiselo kumanyathelo aphambili ophando lweemarike, umfundi unokufumana uncedo ngokuqulunqa umbuzo wophando, ucinga indlela yokuqokelela idatha ekusebenziseni, indlela engcono yokuhlalutya idatha kunye nendlela yokwenza iziphumo zophando lweemarike kwaye wabelane ngazo nabaxhasi.
Inkqubo yophando lwemarike iqulethwe ngamanqanaba amathandathu adibeneyo okanye amanyathelo. Zizo zilandelayo:
- Inyathelo 1 - Ukuchaza ingxaki kunye neenjongo zophando
- Inyathelo 2 - Ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sophando jikelele
- Inyathelo 3 - Ukuqokelela idatha okanye ulwazi
- Inyathelo 4 - Hlaziya idatha okanye ulwazi
- Inyathelo 5 - Okwangoku okanye ukusabalalisa iziphumo
- Inyathelo 6 - Sebenzisa iziphumo zokwenza isigqibo
Isinyathelo sesithathu sophando lweemarike - - Ukuqokelela ulwazi okanye ulwazi- lubandakanya izigqibo ezibalulekileyo ezibalulekileyo. Enye yezinto zokuqala ukuqwalasela kweli nqanaba yindlela abachaphazelekayo abachaphazelekayo baza kudibana ngayo. Kwakukho ixesha apho imibuzo yophando yathunyelwa kumntu ophendulayo ngeposi. Njengoko unokucinga, izinga lokuphendula lalingephantsi kweengxelo zithunyelwe ngeposi , kwaye i-initiative yayiyindleko.
Uphando lwamafowuni lwalusoloko luqhelekileyo, kodwa abantu namhlanje bavumele ukuba oomatshini babo baphendule okanye bafumane i-ID yeefowuni, ebenza bakwazi ukungahoywa iifowuni abafuni ukuzenza. Okumangalisa kukuba, i-Pew Foundation yenza inqwaba yeengxelo zophando, ezininzi zazo ziyinxalenye yocwaningo lwexesha elide okanye olude.
Izifundo zeefowuni ezinkulu ziqhutyelwa ngabaphandi bePew kunye nophando lophando lwabo luphezulu.
Ezinye iinkampani zikhuphe amakhadi efoni ahlawulwe ngaphambili kubasebenzisi abacelwa ukuba bathathe uphando olukhawulezayo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ixesha lokukhulula kwikhadi lokubiza. Ukuba bathatha inxaxheba kwiseshwankathelo esifutshane, inani lemizuzu yamahhala kwikhadi labo lokubiza liyakwanda.
Ezinye zeenkampani eziye zasebenzisa le ndlela yokuhlolwa kwefoni ziquka iKoca-Cola , iNBC, kunye ne-Amaco.
Iindlela zoPhando
Udliwano-ndlebe olunzulu ngenye yeendlela eziguquguqukayo zokuqokelela idatha kubathathi-nxaxheba bezophando. Olunye uncedo lwabathathi-nxaxheba abaphandululwazi kumntu kukuba ulwimi lwabo olungabonakaliyo luyakwazi ukubonwa, kunye nezinye iimpawu malunga nabo ezinokufaka isandla kwiprofayili yabathengi . Udliwano-ndlebe unokuthatha ezimbini iifom ezisisiseko: Udliwano-ndlebe olulungisiweyo kunye nokuthatha i-interviews .
Ukulungelelaniswa ngodliwano-ndlebe kudla ixesha, kufuna iimpawu zokucwangcisa nokucwangcisa, kwaye kudla ukuba kubi kakhulu ukuqhuba. Iinkqubo zokusampula ezichanekileyo zingasetyenziselwa ukudibana nodliwano-ndlebe olunokubangela ukuba luncedo lwedatha yodliwano-ndlebe. Ukongezelela, ukujonga ubuso nobuso kwintluphelwano enzulu kungabangela ukuboniswa kwintluphelo yodliwano-ndlebe, ngoko ke uqeqesho lwabadliwano-ndlebe luba yinkalo yeprojekthi ejongene nodliwano-ndlebe.
Ukuthintela iingxowa-ndlebe zenzeke kwiindawo zokuthenga ezitrato, kwinqanaba lezitalato, kunye nakwimida yabantu. Xa uthathe i-interview, i-sampling ayilungelelanisi. Ngezizathu ezicacileyo, ukuthatha i-intanethi kufuneka kube mfutshane, kwinqanaba, kwaye ungabuzi imibuzo e-off-putting.
Ngaphandle koko, umceli-ndlebe ubeka ingozi ekuboneni ukuba umphandabuzo uhambe. Enye inguqu yokuthintana nodliwano-ndlebe kwenzeka xa abantu baphendula kwisaveyi ehlobene nokuthenga abakwenzayo. Imiyalelo yokuthatha inxaxheba kwiphononongo ishicilelwe kwi-re receipt yayo kwaye, ngokubanzi, umvuzo wokuthatha inxaxheba yinto ekhululekile okanye ithuba lokungena kwi-sweepstakes.
Ukuqokelela idatha ye-intanethi kubeka ngokukhawuleza ezinye iindlela zokufikelela ulwazi lwabathengi. Uphando olutshanje kunye neengqungquthela zikhona kwiWebhu. IiForam kunye namagumbi okuxoxa angaxhaswa ngeenkampani ezinqwenela ukufunda kabanzi kubathengi abazithandayo ukuthatha inxaxheba. Ikhukhi kunye neenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zithumela ulwazi malunga nokukhetha umthengi ngokufanelekileyo kwiikhomputha zabaphandi beemarike. Amaqela okugxila angabanjwa kwi-intanethi nakwiimpawu ezingabonakaliyo zebhodi.
Uphando lweemarike lufakwe kwisitengiso kwiiplatifti zedijithali.
Kukho abantu abaninzi abangenakho ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi rhoqo. Ukubonelela ukufikelela kwi-intanethi kubantu abangenalo uxhumano ekhaya okanye besongelwa yi-computer okanye inethiwekhi ingaba neziqhamo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, intshayelelo yokufumana uphando lophando lweemarike kwi - intanethi okanye i-poll ebonakala ngathi kwaye ibonisa umdlalo inokukhuthaza ukuguqula abasebenzisi abasebenzisa i-Intanethi.
Iimpawu zoqoqo lweenkcukacha
Iingqokelela zokuqokelela idatha zixhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo kuhlobo lophando oluqhutyelwa njengoko izithethe zomeleleyo kwaye zineziseko zefilosofi ezinamandla. Kwinkalo eshintsha ngokukhawuleza yophando lweemarike, ezi zithethe zichithwa njengoko iteknoloji yenza iindlela ezintsha zifumaneke. Ukutshintshela kwiindlela ezininzi ze-elektroniki zokuhlola abaxhamli kunenzuzo ngeendlela ezininzi. Emva kokuba izakhiwo zikhoyo , ukuqokelela kwedatha yedijithali kukhawuleza, kungabikho mpazamo, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kumnandi kubaxhasi. Lapho ukuqoqwa kwedatha kusekhona ngokubanzi, abaphandi beemarike banokuphelisa intloko yeenkcukacha zeenkcukacha ngokufaka iimpendulo kwiikhomputha okanye kwiikrini. Ukubhalwa kweenkcukacha ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukuhlalutya kwedatha kukhawuleza.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba iqokelelwe njani idatha, iqela lomntu lihlala libalulekile . Kungenzeka ukuba ulwazi lweengcali kubaphandi beemarike ziya kutshintshwa kwiindawo ezahlukileyo kumatshini ophando lwemakethe. Ngokomzekelo, ulwazi lweengcali lomcwaningi wemakethi lubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezixubileyo zeBaseesian Networks ukulinganisa kunye nokuhlelwa kohlobo lwe-equation-iindlela ezimbini eziqhutyelwa nge-computer modeling. Uphando olwenziwe ngeengcaphephe lufuna ukucwangcisa kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni iqonga. I-adage yakudala isabambekile: Inkunkuma, inkunkuma.
Ngoku ulungele ukukhangela kwinkqubo yokuphangela imarike Isinyathelo 4. Hlaziya iDatha.
Imithombo
Kotler, P. (2003). UkuPhathwa kweNtengiso (11th.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: I-Pearson Education, Inc., i-Prentice Hall.
Lehmann, DR Gupta, S., kunye neSeckel, J. (1997). Uphando lwemakethi. Ukufunda, MA: I-Addison-Wesley.