Ukukhetha isakhiwo somthetho esisemthethweni kwoshishini lakho yenye yezona zibalulekileyo zibalulekileyo ozenzileyo. Nangona kungenokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yoshishini elincinci, lingaba nefuthe elikhulu ekuphumeni kwerhafu xa ufuna ukuboleka imali okanye ukutsala abatyala-mali, okanye kwisiganeko esibi ukuba uthathwe enkundleni .
Nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba utshintshe isakhiwo sakho emva komhla, kungakuba yinkqubo enzima kwaye ibiza. Kungcono ukwenza isigqibo esifanelekileyo kwindawo yokuqala.
EUnited States, akudingeki ukuba ube negqwetha ukulungiselela kwaye ufake ifayile ukuze udale naziphi na izakhiwo ezibhalwe ngezantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuxhomekeka kubukhulu kunye nobunzima boshishino lakho, unokufuna ukubonisana nommeli, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uqhagamshelane nomcebisi wakho werhafu malunga nesakhiwo esilungele imeko yakho.
Ezi zilandelayo ziifom ezisisiseko zobunini bezoshishino eMelika. Kukho iintlobo ezivela kummandla ukuya kwilizwe, ke qiniseka ukuba uhlolisise ne- Ofisi kaNobhala kaRhulumente weeNkcukacha malunga neenkcukacha ngqo zelizwe lakho.
Usomashishini ozimele
Umnini ngamnye webhizinisi elingabandakanywanga usebenza lo shishino njengesandiso sakhe. Iingeniso kunye nokulahlekelwa kwezoshishino zibikwe kwingxelo yerhafu yomnini - akukho fayile ehlukileyo.
Umnini ngokwakhe uxanduva lwakhe nawaphi na amatyala e shishini. Ukuba umntu uthabatha ishishini ngokuphula isivumelwano, ukulimala, okanye ukuqokelela ityala, inkundla inokuhlawulisa ngqo i-akhawunti yebhanki kunye nezinye iimpahla zomnini. Inzuzo enkulu yendlela yokuthengisa impahla yodwa kukuba yindlela elula kakhulu kwaye ingabizi, kuba akukho nto inokuyibeka kunye nokuyigcina, ngaphandle kwegama elithile lezentengiso (aka DBA, okanye ukwenza i-Business As) .
Ubambiswano ngokubanzi
Abantu ababini okanye ngaphezulu banabo ibhizinisi kunye kunye nokwabelana ngenzuzo kunye nokulahlekelwa kweshishini njengoko kuchazwe kwisivumelwano sobambiswano . Umnye umlingani unako uxanduva lwexabiso elipheleleyo lazo zonke izibophelelo zoshishini, oko kukuthi, umboleki-mali unokuqokelela inani elipheleleyo letyala lobambiswano ukusuka kumlingane onokulula ukuqokelela. Ukuhanjiswa kweenzuzo kunye nokulahlekelwa kukumiselwa isivumelwano sobambiswano kwaye sidlulela kubalingani ngabanye. Akufanelanga ukulingana neepesenti zobunini. Ubambiswano ngokwawo aluxhomekeke kuyo nayiphi na ingeniso okanye irhafu yentlawulo. Ukulawulwa kweshishini kugqitywe kwisivumelwano sobambiswano, kodwa ngaphandle kokuba kuchazwe ngenye indlela, amaqabane alawula ukusebenzisana ngokubambisana, kunye neqabane ngalinye livoti elilinganayo. Inzuzo yentsebenziswano kukuba, njengenjongo yodwa yenkampani, akukho zifayile zorhulumente ezifunekayo ukudala ibhizinisi, kwaye akukho zidingo eziqhubekayo zokubika.
Ulwalamano oluthile
Isiseko esisisiseko kunye neempembelelo zerhafu zifana nokubambisana ngokubanzi, kodwa ukusebenzisana okulinganiselwe kuvumela omnye umntu okanye abalingani abangabandakaliyo, okanye "abaxhamlileyo", ukuba babe neqabane loshishini, kodwa bangabandakanyeki ekulawuleni ishishini. .
Ubambiswano kufuneka nokuba neqabane eliqhelekileyo elinomthwalo wemfanelo kubo bonke amatyala obambiswano. Esi sakhiwo sivumela intsebenziswano ukuba ibe ne-investors ngaphandle ngaphandle kokuzithoba kwiimfanelo zoshishino.
Ubambiswano obuthathatyathiweyo (Limited Lability Partnership) (LLP)
I-LLP isakhiwo esitsha esilungileyo esabonakala ngenxa yesigqibo esivela kummeli nakwiifom zokuphendula ukuba sikwazi ukunciphisa uxanduva phakathi kwamalingani (igqwetha kunye neefom zincwadi zokubakho zangexesha elinye alivunyelwe ukuba zifake, nangona zikhona ngoku). I-LLP ihlawuliswa njengentsebenziswano kodwa ibeka umda kumatyala abo bonke amaqabane afana ne-LLC. Nangona kunjalo, ngelo xesha, imithetho ye-LLP iyahluka kakhulu ukusuka kummandla ukuya kwilizwe. Ngokomzekelo, eCalifornia, naseNew York vumela kuphela le fomu kummeli nakwiifom zokuphendula. Kwamanye amaninzi amazwe, amaqabane aseLLP kuphela analo "khuselo olukhawulelwe", kwaye awanakho ukufumana ukhuselo olufanayo abaya kulufumana kwi- LLC okanye kwinkampani .
Ezi zithintelo zenza i-LLP ngokuqhelekileyo yinto ekhethekileyo kuphela yinto efanelekileyo kummeli nakwiifom zokuphendula, ubuncinane kwilizwe kunye nomthetho onqabileyo wekhuselo. Hlola kunye noNobhala wakho kaRhulumente malunga neenkcukacha zakho kwilizwe lakho.
Inkampani ("C Corporation")
Iqumrhu liphantsi komntu omnye okanye abaninzi abanamasheya, alawulwa yibhodi yabalawuli abakhethwe ngabagcini-zimpahla, kwaye baqhuba imihla ngemihla ngamagosa aqeshwe libhunga labalawuli. Umntu omnye unokuba ngumnikazi wecandelo kuphela, umlawuli kunye negosa le nkampani. Abanini-zimpahla , abalawuli, kunye nabaphathi beenkampani bakhuselweyo kwiimfanelo zeenkampani, kubandakanywa namatyala ngenxa yokunganakwa kwabo xa besenza indima yabo, ngaphandle kweemeko ezithile ezingaqhelekanga. Kwiqumrhu eliqhelekileyo, inzuzo kunye nokulahlekelwa kwe-corporation ayidluliselwe kwiirhafu zentlawulo zabanikazi. I-corporation iifake iirejista zayo zerhafu kwaye ihlawule irhafu yayo. Inokuthi iphinde ixhomekeke kwiirhafu ze-franchise okanye ezinye iirhafu zonyaka. Ngabantu ngabanye, iirhafu zerhafu yerhafu zigqitywe ngokusekelwe kwingeniso ehlawulwayo, nangona amaxabiso kunye namanqanaba amabakaki ahlukileyo kunabantu ngabanye.
S Corporation
Emva kokuba iqumrhu lenziwe, abagcini - zimpahla bangakhetha ukhetho lwe "S Corporation" ngokwenza i-IRS. I-S Corporation ihlawuliswa njengentsebenziswano kunye neenzuzo kunye nokulahlekelwa kwe-S Corporation ukuqhutyelwa kwirejista yentlawulo yenarha yabanini ngokulingana nobunikazi babo bempahla. Zikhuselwe kwiimfanelo zoshishino njengeC Corporation. Isakhiwo seS-corporation ngokuqhelekileyo sikhethwa ngaphezu kwenkampani ephezulu xa abaninzi abanini-zimali baqeshwe yinkampani okanye bebandakanyeka kwimisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla, kwaye i-corporation isasaza ininzi yengeniso yayo kubanikazi abanini-zimali ngamnye ngonyaka. Ngamanye amagama, amashishini amancinci.
I-Limited Liability Company (LLC)
I- LLC i-hybrid ye-corporation kunye nentsebenziswano kwaye iyakhawuleza ibe yinto eyaziwayo kakhulu kumashishini amancinci ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo kunye neendleko zayo eziphantsi ukudala nokugcina, ngelixa liqhuba ubuninzi beenzuzo ze-corporation. Ubunini bepesenti, inzuzo kunye nokulahlekelwa kwemali, kunye namagunya okuvota ngalinye ilungu lichongiwe yi-LLC Articles of Organisation, kunokuba ngumnini-stock. I-LLC ingakhetha ukuhlawulwa njengentsebenziswano okanye i-S Corporation kunye neenzuzo kunye nelahleko ezigqithisela kwiirhafu zabanikazi, okanye zihlawulwe njengeC Corporation, zifake ukubuyela kwayo. Abanikazi kunye nawaphi na amagosa kunye nabaqondisi bavikelekile kwiimboleko zenkampani, njengenkampani. I-LLC ngokuqhelekileyo ilawulwa yerhafu yerhafu, nangona le nto ihluka ukusuka kummandla ukuya kwilizwe.
I-Non-Incit Corporation
Inhlangano engekho inzuzo inokuba yintlangano yoshishino, intlangano yentlalo, iqumrhu lophando, okanye iqela lokubonisana. Iyakwazi ukuthengisa iimveliso okanye iinkonzo. Umahluko kukuba akukho banini, kwaye nayiphina "inzuzo" igcinwa yinkampani ukuba ibuyiswe kwakhona nayiphi na injongo yenkampani. Ngoko ke, njani umrhwebi enze imali kunye nentlangano engenzi nzuzo ? I-non-profit ingaba nabasebenzi, kwaye abo baqeshwa bangahlawulwa ixabiso lemarike elifanelekileyo kwiinkonzo zabo. Kukho imingcipheko emininzi engekho inzuzo eyenza kube yinto enzima, kodwa ukuba unomdla ekuboneni umbono wakho ube ebomini kukukhetha.
IiNkampani zoBuchule, iiNkampani zoBugcisa, kunye ne-Professional LLC
Ezi zifom zezakhiwo ezikhethekileyo ezidalwe ngamagqwetha, oogqirha, iiCPA, abakhi bezobugcisa, oonjiniyela kunye nabanye abaqeqeshiweyo ngokwemiqathango yelayisenisi kunye nokunyaniseka kwemfanelo. Zifana neefom eziqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kokuba ngokuqhelekileyo, iqumrhu elifanelekileyo lokunikezelwa kweelayisensi likarhulumente kufuneka livume iimpepha zokuqulunqwa phambi kokuba zifakwe kunye noNobhala kaRhulumente .
Njengoko uyakubona, kukho ezininzi iinketho kunye nezinto ezininzi zokuqwalasela. Uninzi lweenzuzo zokubandakanya lunokufunyanwa ngezinye iindlela zokuthengisa iimpahla zodwa, ezifana nokuthenga i-inshorensi yemfanelo. Kwakhona, amaphepha omthetho aqheleke ngokugqithiswa yizinto zangempela zehlabathi. Ngokomzekelo, ngelixa iqumrhu lingakhusela abanikazi kwiimbopheleleko zabo ngamatyala, kwiminyaka yokuqala ye-2-3 kwi-shishini, akunakwenzeka ukuba uya kukwazi ukufumana ikhredithi yoshishino ngaphandle kokubhalisa ngokusemthethweni njengomgcini-mboleko, apho ulahlekelwa ngulo khuselo. Zifundise ngokwakho, uthetha ngongcali, kwaye qwalasela zonke iinketho zakho ngokufanelekileyo.