Funda iiNkqubo zeeNkcazo zeNkcukacha
Iinkqubo ze-Electronic Data Processing (EDP)
Uninzi lwamashishini, ngaphandle kweyona ncinane kakhulu, isebenzisa iinkqubo zekhompyutha, ezibizwa ngokuba yiinkqubo zocwangciso lwe-elektroniki (EDP).
Ezi nkqubo zisingatha zonke iinyathelo kwinkqubo yokuphendula ingxelo ekubhaliseni ukuthengiswa kwemali ukulungiselela iingxelo zemali. Amashishini atshintsha rhoqo iinkqubo zabo zobugcisa ukuze bahlale bekhuphisana kwaye bahlale behambelana noMthetho we- Sarbanes-Oxley wama-2002 . Nokuba amashishini amancinci angakhetha ukusebenzisa iinkqubo ezifana nee-Quickbooks .
Isiseko soTshintsho lwezoShishino kunye neNkqubo yezoRhwebo
Ukuze uqonde indlela ezi nkqubo zisebenza ngayo, kufuneka uqonde amagama angundoqo ebhaliweyo "intsebenziswano" kunye "neenkqubo zoshishino." Okubaluleke kakhulu, kufuneka uqonde indlela ukuthengiswa kwezoshishino kunye neenkqubo ezihlanganisana ngayo ukuvelisa iingxelo zezemali. Ngokubhekiselele kwiinkqubo zenkcazelo yeenkcukacha, ukuthengiswa kwezoshishino kungahlula kwiindidi ezininzi zeenkqubo zoshishino:
1. Inkqubo yokubuyisela kunye nokubuyela, iinkqubo kunye nokulawula
Iintengiselwano zoshishino eziwela phantsi kwezi nkqubo zoshishino zininzi ezinkulu zokuthengiswa kwansuku zonke, iintlawulo , kunye nokuthengwa kwemali.
2. Inkcitho kunye neenkqubo zokubuya, iinkqubo kunye nokulawula
Iintengiselwano zezo shishino eziwela phantsi kwezi nkqubo zoshishino zininzi zenkcitho, iintlawulo, kunye nemali yokuphuma kwemali. I-Payroll kunye nokuthengwa kwee-asethi zokuthengwa kwee-asethi zikwale nkalo.
3. Iinkqubo zokuguqulwa, iinkqubo kunye nokulawula
Iintengiselwano zoshishino phantsi kweli candelo zizinto ezibonakalayo kunye nokuthengiswa komsebenzi.
4. Iinkqubo zolawulo, iinkqubo kunye nokulawula
Iintengiselwano zezoshishino ezilawulayo zizityalo-mali, ukuboleka, kunye nokuthengiswa kwemali.
Zonke ezi zintengiselwano zoshishino zenza ukuba ii-akhawunti ze-T zibekwe kwiinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zeLedger , iinkqubo kunye nokulawula. Ukusuka kwi-ledger jikelele, iingxelo zezimali zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ziphuhliswa. Iingxelo zezemali zangaphakathi zingaba ishedyuli yokuguga kwiimali ezifunyenweyo okanye ingxelo yesimo sempahla yokuthengisa. Iingxelo zezimali zangaphandle ziya kuba yinkcazo yengeniso , i- balance sheet , kunye nesitatimende sokuhamba kwemali .
Iintlobo zeeNkcukacha zeeNkcazo zeNkcazo
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi okanye iindidi zeenkcukacha zeenkcukacha zeengxelo. Yiyiphi inxaxheba yoshishino olusetyenzisiweyo kuxhomekeke kwindlela yoshishino , ubukhulu boshishini, iimfuno zoshishino, kunye nokuqulunqwa kweshishini:
Iinkqubo zincwadi
Iinkqubo zenkcazo yeenkcukacha zengxelo ziyalisebenzisa kakhulu ngamashishini amancinci kunye namashishini asekhaya. Ukuba inkqubo ihamba ngokufanelekileyo, iya kufuna oku kulandelayo: amaxwebhu omthombo , i-director general, iphepha eliqhelekileyo , neengxelo ezizodwa okanye iincwadana ezincedisayo.
Iinkqubo zelifa
Iifayile zelifa zihlala zikhona kwiifemu zoshishino ezikhoyo kwaye zazisetyenziswa ngaphambi kokuba ubuchwepheshe beenkcukacha bufikeleleke njengolubuchule njengoko lukhoyo namhlanje. Nangona iinkqubo zelifa zingabonakala zidala, zineenzuzo ezintle kwi-firm. Zineenkcukacha ezibalulekileyo zembali malunga nenkampani. Abasebenzi abaqinileyo bajwayele ukwazi indlela yokusebenzisa inkqubo kunye nokuyiqonda. Inkqubo yelifa ihlala isetyenziswe kwiimfuno ezithile zomntu ngamnye. Awuyi kufumana olu hlobo lwesimo sokwenza ngokwezifiso kwiiphakheji zeekhompyutheni zengxelo.
Ngelishwa, iinkqubo zelifa nazo zinokungonakali. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abanakho amaxwebhu. Ngokuqhelekileyo kunzima ukufumana izixhobo ezithatha indawo ngenxa yokuba i-hardware kunye nesofthiwe ingahle iphele. Nangona ulwimi lwekhompyutyana elisebenzisa iifa lemveli ngokuqhelekileyo ulwimi oludala.
Iinkqubo ezininzi zelifa zakhiwe ukususela ekuqaleni.
Ukutshintshwa kweNkqubo zeZifa
Unokuyifumana ngokupheleleyo inkqubo yakho yelifa kunye ne-system-up-to-date system. Esi sisisombululo esininzi. Unokuhlaziya kwakhona inkqubo yakho yelifa. Ungasebenzisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-screen scraping, yinkqubo ethatha idatha eboniswe kwikhompyuter yekhompyutheni kwaye iguqule ukuze isicelo esitsha singayifunda. Ungasetha kwakhona inkqubo yokuhlanganiswa kwesicelo soshishino. Olu hlobo lwenethiwekhi yokusetyenziswa kwezicelo ezahlukeneyo kwinkqubo yakho yelifa, njenge-inventory, i-payroll kunye nabanye.
Ukuba ungumntu we-SMB, ngaphandle kokuba uncinci kuncinci, udidi lwe-hone-based, uya kufuna ukuba ulwazi lwenkqubo yakho yolwazi lube lufikeleleko ukuze ugcine ukhuphiswano kumashishini akho. Zininzi iindlela ongakhetha kuzo.