Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lweNkxaso-mali yeNcinci
Inkxaso-mali ye-Equity yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuba amashishini akhulise imali ngokuthengisa amashishini kwishishini. Oku kwahluke kwiityala zemali , apho ishishini likhusela imali mboleko kwiziko lemali. Ukuhlawula imali ngokulinganayo kusetyenziswa njengemali yembewu yokuqalisa ukuqhuba ishishini okanye njengenkunzi eyongezelelweyo kumashishini amisiweyo afuna ukwandisa .
Uxanduva lwemali lufumaneka ngokuqhelekileyo ngokuthengisa amasheya ebhizinisini ngendlela yesitokhwe esifanayo.
(Qaphela ukuba inkampani kufuneka ifakwe phambi kokuba amasheya angadalwa.) Ngokuqhelekileyo isabelo ngasinye sibonisa iyunithi enye yobunini benkampani. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba inkampani ikhuphe izabelo ezi-1000 zeestofu ezifanayo kunye noMnini we-A unamasheya angama-500 ngoko umnini-mali one-50% yenkampani. Ubunini kwishishini lihlanjululwa xa kunikwa izabelo ezongezelelweyo.
Ukongeza kwamalungelo okuvota, abanini-nxaxheba banenzuzo kwi-shareership kwifom yezabelo kunye (ethemba) ekugqibeleni bathengise izabelo kwinzuzo. Ukunikezelwa kwinqanaba eliphezulu lomngcipheko ekuboneleleni ngemali kubanini amashishini amancinci, abatyali-mali bezobulungisa balindela izinga eliphezulu lokubuyisela .
Amashishini amakhulu amaninzi anokuba neeklasi ezininzi zezabelo zokulingana (ngamnye ngexabiso elithile ngesabelo ngasinye), ukubhena abatshali-mali abanenjongo ezahlukeneyo zemali. Umzekelo, inkampani inokukhupha:
- Izabelo zeklasi - amalungelo okuvota kunye nesahlulelo
- Izabelo zeeklasi zeB - akukho namalungelo okuvota kwaye akukho sahlulo
- Izabelo ezikhethiweyo - izabelo kodwa akukho namalungelo okuvota (izabelo ezikhethiweyo zinamabango aphezulu kwiimpahla kunabanini-zamasheya abaqhelekileyo xa kushicilelwe inkampani.)
Yabelana ngemicimbi ihlala ihlelwe ukuba umnini omnye okanye iqela labanikazi lilawulwe yinkampani. Ngokomzekelo, iikopi ze-Facebook zeBakala zinamalungelo amaninzi okuvota kunamasheya e-Class A, kwaye ekubeni uMark Zuckerberg enepesenti enkulu zeengxenye zeBakala B ugcina ulawulo lokuvota nangona unesigxina sezabelo ezipheleleyo zenkampani.
Imithombo yoLuntu lwezeMali
Abanikazi boshishino abatsha bafaka imali ngokwabo kwimashishini abo, iimali eziqokelelwa kwifa, ukugcinwa, okanye nokuthengiswa kweempahla zabo ezize zisebenzise njengemali yokulingana yezoshishino.
Imithombo yangaphandle yemali yokulingana ibandakanya:
- Iingelosi abatyala imali ngokuqhelekileyo zintsapho okanye ngabahlobo bamashishini abashishini okanye abantu abacebileyo okanye amaqela abantu ngabanikezela inkxaso ngemali ngamashishini amancinci. Ngokuqhelekileyo imali etyalomali ingaphantsi kwama-$ 500,000, imimiselo iyamkeleka, kwaye umtyalomali akabandakanyeki ekulawuleni ishishini.
- Iingxowa-mali zengxowa-mali ziyi-investors abaqeqeshiweyo ababonelela ngemali ukukhetha amashishini. Bayazikhethela kakhulu ngokutyalomali kuphela kumashishini alawulwa kakuhle kwaye anenzuzo ekhuphisanayo kwishishini lawo. Abaxhamli bezentengo ngokuqhelekileyo baxhomeke ekubeni bathathe indima efanelekileyo ekulawuleni iinkampani abazifaka kuyo kwaye banomdla ngokukhawuleza ekubuyiseleni imali ekutsalweni kwabo. Iimali ezityalwe ngokubanzi zikhulu kunezigidi eziyi-1. Abaxhasi bezentengiselwano batyale imali kwi-ishishini langasese kunye nenjongo yokuyiguqula ibe yinkampani kawonkewonke ngokunikezela ngezabelo kwi-exchange exchange through the Offer Public Offering (IPO) . IPOs inokuvelisa inzuzo enkulu kubaxhasi-mali-i-IPO ye-Facebook ngowama-2012 yayingenye ye-IPO enkulu kwiimbali, iphakamisa ngaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-16 zeebhiliyoni ngokulingana.
- I-Crowdfunding iquka ukusebenzisa amaqela amakhulu ezithunywa-mali zithunywa ngegalelo kwiinkampani ezincinane kwiimali ezincinci njenge $ 1000. Ukuxhaswa kwezimali kuqhutywe nge-intanethi ngokuqalisa i-campaignfunding "campaign" ngezinye zeziza ezixhamlayo ezifana neCrowdfunder okanye i-AngelList e-US kunye neKickstarter okanye i-Indiegogo eCanada. (Ngexesha lokubhala, ukuxhaswa kwabantu ngokubanzi njengemali yenkxaso-mali kusemthethweni kuphela kwezinye iimeko kunye nakwiimeko ezithile. Funda ngokumalunga nesimo se-crowdfunding eCanada . )
UkuXhaswa kweeNkxaso kwiShishini elincinci
Ukufumana imali yokulingana kunzima kakhulu ukuqaliswa kokuqala kunokuba kubekwe amashishini afumana iimfuno zokukhula . (Ngokwe-Wells Fargo Small Business Survey, i-77% yenkxaso-mali yokuqalisa i-shishini ivela kwizinto ezigcinwe ngabanikazi.) Kukho nawuphi na, ukuba nesicwangciso esicacileyo sezo ndawo kufuneka ukuba kubangele abatyala-mali.
(Jonga Lungiselela iSicwangciso soShishino esilungele imali. )
Ukwenza utyalo-mali oluthile olusebenza njengemali yokulingana kwishishini ngokuqhelekileyo kubalulekile ukutsala abanye abatyali-mali kunye / okanye ababoleki. Ukuba wena, njengomnini-shishini lomncinci, awulungele ukubeka nayiphi na imali yakho kwi-shishini, uthini oko nawuphi na umntu onokucinga ngokutyalomali kwishishini-okanye ukuba ufuna imali mboleko ? Abatyalomali nababoleki banqwenela ukubonelela ngegalelo lokuxhasa ngemali eliphakathi kwama-25 ukuya kuma-50 ekhulwini kumnini.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, abatyali-mali kunye nababolekisi bathabatha inxaxheba yakho yokuxhasa ngemali njengesibonakaliso sokuzinikela kwakho kwi shishini. Bafuna ukubona ukuba uzimisele ukwabelana ngemingcipheko, kunye nemivuzo.
Imizekelo: UJana wayefuna inkxaso-mali yokulinganisa ibhizinisi lakhe lokutya, kwaye wayenenhlanhla ngokwaneleyo ukuba afumane iqabane elalikwazi ukunikela ngokubambisa imali kunye nobuchule.
Bona kwakho:
Ukufumana Inkxaso-mali Yobuncinci
Ukufumana ishishini liqalise imali