Iidonga ze-Rockfill zingaba yizoqoqosho kakhulu kwaye zithengisekile ukwakha
Amadama e-Rockfill ngamagxobhozo omhlaba oqingqiweyo ohlanganisiweyo kunye neendawo ezingapheliyo zesakhiwo. Kumele ziqulethe indawo engapheliyo, indawo engamelana nemvula yamanzi, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ikhethiweyo ezikhethiweyo zendawo ezihluzayo ezibandakanya umthamo omkhulu wamanzi.
Ezi zakhiwo ziphumelela ngenxa yokuba amandla omlambo okanye umlambo uhlasela ingundoqo yomgca kwisalathiso esezantsi aze adluliselwe kwisiseko esiqinileyo sedam.
Idama ingabizwa ngokuba yidam edibeneyo xa udongwe lisetyenziswe njengento engabonakaliyo.
Izihlungi ze-Geosynthetic zisetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukufuduka komhlaba ukunciphisa ukukhushulwa kwangaphakathi . Iifayile zihlaba ngokukhethekileyo umhlaba owenzelwe ukukhusela ukufuduka kweengqungquthela zomhlaba eziziinkozo. Amadama e-Rockfill ayamelana nokulimala kwindyikima. Iinqununu ezintathu eziphambili zedonga lokukhwela i-rockfill zi:
- I-rockfill ephambili
- Indawo engaphelelwanga
- Amalungu axhasayo axhasayo
I-Rockfill Idingqalelo ngokukhethekileyo
Ukuba ukhe wabelwa ukuba wakhe umda onjalo okanye uthathe isigqibo sokuba ufuna ukwakha idonga lokuqhafaza kwipropati yakho, kubalulekile ukuba ubeke ingqalelo kule mimandla elandelayo:
- Ukuzinza kubalulekile. Zomibini isiseko kunye nommiselo kufuneka zizinzile kulo lonke ujikelezo lobomi bodamu.
- I-Seepage kufuneka ilawulwe ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo. Amanyathelo okulawula amacandelo kufuneka asebenze phambi kokusetyenziswa kokuqala kwedama.
- I-spillway kufuneka ibe namandla ngokwaneleyo ukukhusela ukugqithwa kwe-embankment.
- Iintlambo zeentaba kufuneka zenziwe ngokucokisekileyo.
Iingenelo zeDafffill Dams
Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kwibhinqa lokuqhawula i-rockfill yinto yokuba ingaba nezoqoqosho kwaye ingabizi ukwakha. Izinto eziphathekayo zinokuthi zibe zendawo. Olu hlobo lomdaka luyakulungeleka kwiindawo ezingabonakali iimeko ezifanelekileyo kwiziseko ezinzulu.
Enye inzuzo eyintloko kukuba i-dam ingacwangciswa kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo kwiimeko ezibandayo, kunye nakwiindawo ezifudumeleyo kunye neentsizi. Inkqubo yokubeka ilitye ayiyi kukhawulelwa ngenxa yemozulu. Inkqubo ekhawuleza kakhulu kuba ayixhomekeke kwimisebenzi yokuxubusha.
Indlela yokudala idama le-Rockfill
Indlela efanelekileyo yokukwakha idama ukuqala ngokubeka izinto eziphathekayo kwiiphakamiso ezilawulwayo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-drum roller compactors isetyenzisiweyo ukwenzela ukuba loo nto ingenakunyulwa kwindawo yokunciphisa ukulungiswa kwiminyaka emininzi. Ezi zingqungquthela zingasetyenziselwa ukunqanda ukuhlukana kwezinto ngenxa yokwehla kwamadwala ephakamileyo kwiindawo ezithambileyo.
Ukuphakama kwamanzi kungenwe ngokwemvelo ngokunyusa amaninzi amaninzi emva kwesithsaba ngaphandle kokungena kwindawo yendawo. I-rockfill eyona nto ihlinzeka ngenkxaso ngokwakhe ubunzima nokuzinza, ngelixa umlenze obambe amanzi udala indawo engapheliyo. Le membrane inokwenziwa ngemithi, ikhonkrithi, insimbi, i-asphalt, okanye ilitye. Idama ke lenziwe lugxininiswe ngamanzi ngokuqhubela phambili ubuso obungapheliyo.
Njalo qhagamshelana neendlela zakho zokwakha zendawo kunye nemimiselo yamanzi ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke.