Sonke singafunda kuWalt Disney, usomashishini.
UWalt Disney udume ngokudala enye yezona nkcukacha ezibonakalayo kwihlabathi, Disney, kodwa bambalwa abazi malunga nendoda emva kobukumkani bobuGcisa, kungakhankanyi ngamakhulu eemifanekiso zentengiso, iindidi zefilimu kunye neentsana ezingapheliyo ezithwala igama lakhe .
Umvelisi onamandla kunye nosomashishini phakathi nekhulu lama-20, uWalt Disney wahamba ekukhankeni umvundla (ewe, umvundla) ukuba asebenze umbuso weebhiliyoni ezili-dollar.
Iminyaka Yokuqala YaseWalt Disney:
U-Disney wazalwa ngo-1901 e-Chicago kwaye wayengumculi ongenomdla kwasekuqaleni. Ngeli-16, wabhalisa kwi-Red Cross kwaye wakhonza kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi I, eqhuba i-ambulensi eyayizenzele imidwebo yakhe yemifanekiso. Emva kokubuya kwakhe, wayesebenza njengomkhangisi wezentengiso kwiKansas City, eMissouri, kodwa le nto yayidla ngokukhawuleza.
UDisney ke wagqiba ekubeni ahambe eCalifornia, apho waqala ukusebenza kunye nomntakwabo, uRoy. U-Walt waphatha iinkalo zobugcisa zobambiswano, ngoxa uRoy wagxile kwi shishini kunye nokuphela kwemali. Abazalwana bakaDisney baboleka imali encinci, bamisa i-studio kwidarage yomalume wabo, baza bafaka ingxolo kunye neentlobo zeetekisi ezimnyama kunye nezingamhlophe eziphethe umvundla ogama linguOswald, owakwenzayo kwi-Universal Studios. Xa uWalt ebuza i-Universal ukuba iphakanyiswe, ke, baxhamla. Ekubeni i-studio igcina amalungelo kumlingisi, Disney wayeka ukudweba u-Oswald emva kowe-1928, nangona i-series yaqhubeka.
Umoya kaWalt Disney's Entrepreneurial Spirit:
Disney ubuyele ebhodini lokudweba, ukuvelisa i-cartoon engacacile ebizwa ngokuba yiSpane Crazy eyayinomdlali omtsha ogama linguMickey Mouse. Kodwa ukufika kwesandi kwatshintsha yonke into e-Hollywood. Ukuxhaswa kwi-crack for "talkies," i-Disney ilibazise iPlane Crazy kwaye endaweni yoko ivelise i-cartoon yesibili iMickey Mouse, enye isandi.
USteatat Willie , wakhululwa ngowe-1928, wayeyifilimu yokuqala yokubonakalisa isandi esivumelanisiweyo. Ngaphandle kwempumelelo yamazwe ngamazwe, u-Walt noRoy babesafuna imali, ngoko bavume imifanekiso kaMickey Mouse ngemali eyi-300, ukuze isetyenziswe kwiphepha lephepha elijoliswe kubantwana.
U-Disney waqulunqwa ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji entsha kwiifilimu zakhe. Wathola amalungelo akhethekileyo okusebenzisa i-Technicolor kwiifilimi ezinemifanekiso iminyaka emibini, ephumelela i-Award ye-Academy Award ngowe-1932 kwimifanekiso emfutshane yeentyatyambo neeMithi , eyona nto yayingumfanekiso wokuqala wokubala.
Uya kuphumelela ama-Oscars angama-26 kwinqanaba lomsebenzi wakhe, amagosa amaninzi anikezelwa kunoma yimuphi umntu. Ngeeminyaka embalwa ezayo, Goofy, uDonald Duck, kunye nabanye abalinganiswa abangazikhumbulelwayo bajoyina uMickey. Kodwa i-Disney yayikholelwa ukuba ikamva leenkampani ziseburhulumenteni obude, kwaye ikhuphe i- Snow White kunye ne-Seven Hundreds ngo-1937. Yayiyibhayisikobho yokubonisa i-animated length yokuvelisa kwi-Technicolor, kwaye ixabisa i-$ 1.5 yezigidi ukwenza, engabonakaliyo kwindleko kwixesha elidlulileyo lweMelika.
Ukukhula kweNkampani:
U-Disney waqaphela amandla akhe ekulweni kwimbali, engabonakaliyo, kwaye ngexesha abazalwana bakhela i studio eBurbank, eCalifornia, basebenzisa abantu abangaphezu kwe-1 000, kuquka iifayile.
Ukwakha kwimpumelelo ye- Snow White , u-Disney wakhulula uPinocchio noFantasia ngowe-1940, iDumbo ngo-1941, kunye no- Bambi ngo-1942. Bonke baqala ukuhlaselwa njenge-Disney kumnini-shishini.
Kodwa ngasekupheleni kwee-1930 kunye neyokuqala kwee-1940 kwakungamaxesha amanzima kuma shishini ase-Amerika. I-Disney yenza i-Great Depression kunye neMfazwe Yehlabathi II ngokuzinikezela ezininzi ze-studio yakhe entsha ukuvelisa iifilimu zempilo, imfundo kunye neentengiso kwi-Rhulumente wase-US. Kwakhona kwavelisa ii-comedies ezimfutshane ezijolise ekuphuculiseni umgangatho wesizwe. Ukunyusa imali eyongezelelweyo, u-Disney wathatha usebenziso loluntu ngo-1940.
Le nkampani ayizange ivelise imifanekiso emitsha ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi II, kodwa ngowe-1944 yabuya ikhupha i- Snow White kwiindawo zokuzonwabisa, ivelise inani elikhulu lentlawulo yaloo nyaka. Oku kuya kuqalisa isicwangciso esiqhelekileyo sokuphinda siphumelele ifilimu malunga neminyaka eyi-10, kwaye kamva ilawula ukufumaneka kwamafilimu e-Disney kwi-VHS ne-DVD.
Ifilimu elandelayo enkulu yefilimu yafika ngo-1950, ngokukhululwa kweCinderella .
Ukuchithwa:
Njengoko inkampani ikhula, i-Disney imveliso eyahlukeneyo ngaphaya kweemifanekiso kunye neefilimu eziphathekayo. Isiqithi seSondon , esakhishwa ngowe-1950, yayiyifilimu yokuqala yokudlala-studio, kwaye inkampani yakha iBuena Vista Distribution kwiminyaka embalwa kamva. Ngenkampani yayo yokusabalalisa ngaphakathi, i-Disney ingaqhubeka nokukhupha ama-movie ngeli xesha ligcina ngokukhululeka kwiindleko zokuhambisa. I-Live-action ihlasela njengeSwitzerland Family Robinson ngo-1960 kunye noMary Poppins ngo-1964.
I-Disney TV yokuqala yaqala ngexesha elifanayo njengeSiqithi se- Treasure , kunye neXesha elilodwa elikhethekileyo kwiWonderland . I- Club yaseMickey Mouse eyaziwayo yaqala njenge-TV series ngo-1955.
Kodwa yinto enye inkqubo yeTV eyaqala ngo-1954, ebizwa ngokuba yi- Disneyland , eyabonisa ukuba uWalt Disney wayenezicwangciso ezinkulu kunenkampani. Iminyaka embalwa ngaphambili, i-Disney yamisa i-WED Enterprises njengenkampani eyahlukileyo kwaye yaqala ukudweba izicwangciso zeDisneyland, ipaki enkulu yesikhulu. Ngenxa yokuba ipaki yayiyinxalenye yenkampani ehlukeneyo, i-Disney yakwazi ukuyikhuhla ngasese, ixhala malunga nendlela abanini-nxaxheba abanokusabela ngayo ngolwazi lweenkcukacha zeprojekthi. I-Disneyland yavulwa ngo-1955 njengepaki yepaki ngokungafani nayiphi na ihlabathi eliyibonile.
U-Disney wasebenzisa iqhinga elikhethekileyo ukwenzela ukuba ipaki yepaki iphumelele ngokukhawuleza. Wancenga uxhaso oluninzi lweenkampani ukuxhasa inkxaso iindleko kunye nokutya okungaphandle kunye neentengiso ngaphakathi kwepaki. Emva kokuba i-Disneyland ifumana imali, inkampani yathengula lawo ma lungelo kwaye igcina ingeniso ngaphakathi ngaphakathi. Izicwangciso zepaki yesibili, ekugqibeleni yaba yiWalt Disney World, yaqala ngokufumana umhlaba eFlorida ngawo-1960. Le ipaki yesibili iya kuba nombono kaDisney wezinto eziza kubonakala ngathi kuluntu lwasezidolophini; wabiza ngokuthi "Uluntu lweNkqubo yoLuntu lwengomso," ngoku eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Epcot Centre.
Iphupha Lihlala Kulo: UWalt Disney wafa ngo-1966, iminyaka emihlanu ngaphambi kokuba i-Disney World ivule e-Orlando, eFlorida, kunye neminyaka eyi-16 ngaphambi kokuba i-Epcot Centre ivule ngo-1981. Ixesha lexesha elibizwa ngokuba nguDisney linye labantu ababaluleke kakhulu kwikhulu lama-20 kwixesha layo. . Kwiprofayili, iphephancwadi ibonisa indlela emnyama, engonwabanga yindoda eyabangela uvuyo kubantu abaninzi.
Kodwa akunakutsho ukutsho ukuba uWalt Disney walahlekelwa ngombono ngexesha lokukhwela kwakhe kwimpumelelo yoshishino. Ukhankanya ngokuphindaphindiweyo esithi, "Ndiyathemba ukuba asiyi kuphinda silahlekelwe yinto enye, ukuba iqaliswe yimouse."