Iinkonzo kunye neNgcembelelo yoMthetho wokuLungisa ukusebenza.
Ilungelo lokusebenza kwemithetho linyanzeliswa kwii-USs, ezininzi phantsi komthetho we-Taft-Hartley Act, ezithintela izivumelwano phakathi kwemibutho yabasebenzi kunye nabaqeshi, ukuziphepha ukuba zenze umanyano kuphela kwiindawo zokusebenza. Imithetho yokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo ingabangela inxaxheba enkulu kwiqela leprojekthi malungu njengoko akudingeki ukuba baxoxisane nomanyano ukuvumela abasebenzi ukuba banqume ngokukhululekile ukuba bafuna ukuba yinxalenye yomanyano okanye cha.
Umthetho woLungelo lokuSebenza ubeka ilungelo labasebenzi ukuba bathathe isigqibo sokuba ngaba bangajoyina okanye baxhase ngemali imanyano.
Nangona kunjalo, abasebenzi abasebenza kumashishini oololiwe okanye oomatshini be-airline abakhuselekanga nomthetho wokuLungelo lokuSebenza, kwaye abasebenzi abasebenza kwi-enclave yamazwe angabikho.
UMthetho wokuSebenzela ukuLungisa
Abameli basemgangathweni-benzi bathi amalungelo omgaqo-siseko ayenzelwe ukukhusela abasebenzi, abavumela ukuba bakhethe kwaye banikeze ilungelo lenkululeko yokubambisana, bethetha ukuba abasebenzi banganquma ukuba bafuna ukuba yinxalenye yomanyano okanye cha. Abanye babambana ukuba akukho mthethweni ukuba imibutho inokudinga ukuba abasebenzi abatsha nabakhoyo babe ngamalungu omanyano kwaye bahlawulele ubulungu obuxabisekileyo kwiinkonzo abangenakuzifunayo okanye abachasene nefilosofi.
Abanye abaqeqeshi bezokwakha bakholelwa ukuba imithetho yokuLungelo lokuSebenza iyakwandisa umkhiqizo wabasebenzi ngokunyusa uxanduva lwamaqumrhu kumalungu abo. Ngenxa yokuba banandipha ilungelo elikhethekileyo lokumela, iimanyano zinomthwalo wokumela bonke abasebenzi ngexesha leengxoxo zentengiso.
Iimanyano ziyafuneka ngokomthetho ukuba zimelele abasebenzi abangabonakaliyo njengamalungu, kodwa ngelanga, olu xanduva alisoloko luzaliseka.
I-Cons-Cons
Umanyano we-AFL / i-CIO ugxininisa ukuba ngenxa yokusebenza kwamanyano abunelungelo lokusebenza ngenxa yile mithetho, umvuzo ungaphantsi kwaye ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye nempilo lengozini.
Esi senzo singanyanzelisa abasebenzi ukuba bathathe isigqibo malunga nokujoyina umanyano phambi kweesuphavayiza kunye neenkokheli zentsebenziswano, ukudala imeko enzima kulaba basebenzi abangasongelwa ukwesatshiswa.
Ekubeni abaqeqeshi beprojekthi kumazwe asebenza ngokusemthethweni akudingeki ukuba baqeshe amalungu omanyano, amandla omanyano okuphucula izimo zomsebenzi njengoko abanako ukufumana amandla okwaneleyo ukuphumeza ukuthanda kwabo okanye iimeko zabo zokusebenza. Ngenxa yoko, amazwe anelungelo lokusebenza aphezulu amaninzi ahlobene nokuqeshiswa kwengqesho kunokuba i-syn-union ithi.
Ukususela ekusebenzeni kwamalungelo kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba umqeshi angaqesha abasebenzi, nokuba ingaba bengekho emanyanisweni, izivumelwano ezidibeneyo zingakhokelela ekunyuseni kwamaholo angaphantsi kunokuba kubandakanyekayo kumanyano.
Amazwe ase-US: Ilungelo kuMithetho yeMisebenzi
Ipapashwe yi-Bureau of Labor Statistics yase-United States ukuba imisebenzi eminye yenziwe kwi-Right to Work states kunokuba ingekho kwi-RTW kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini edluleyo, okwenza ukuba, nangakumbi, inselele isigqibo malunga nendlela yokuqalisa nokusebenza lo mthetho.
Ezinye zeli lizwe ezithe zagqithiswa kwi-Right to Work laws zi:
I-Alabama, i-Arizona, i-Arkansas, i-Kansas, iFlorida, i-Georgia, i-Idaho, i-Iowa, i-Louisiana, i-Mississippi, i-Nebraska, i-Nevada, i-North, i-North Dakota, i-Oklahoma, iSouth Carolina, eMzantsi Dakota, eTennessee, eTexas, e-Utah, eVirginia nase-Wyoming.
Ilungelo lokusebenza-I-Taft-Hartley Act
Egqithwe ngowe-1947, uMthetho weTaft-Hartley uhlala ilitye lembombo yomthetho wezabasebenzi waseMelika namhlanje. Esi senzo sichitshiyelwe uMthetho we-Wagner ka-1935, obonisa isimo sengqondo emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II eMelika ukuya kubasebenzi. Ngenxa yeemeko zengxamiseko yelizwe ngexesha lemfazwe, iimfazwe emva kwemfazwe, kunye neenzuzo ezinikezelwe kumanyano kaMagner Act, iCongress-controlled Control Congress yadlulisela uMthetho kumzamo wokubuyisela ukulinganisela kwamandla phakathi kwabasebenzi kunye nolawulo. UMthetho uvimbela imisebenzi yemanyano ngeendlela ezine:
- Ukuthintela izenzo ezingekho phantsi kwemisebenzi ngamanyano,
- Ukuluhlu lwamalungelo abasebenzi abanobudlelwane bamanyano,
- Uluhlu lwamalungelo abaqeshi, kunye
- Ukuxhobisa umongameli waseUnited States ukumisa iziteleka zabasebenzi ezingabangela ukongxamiseko kazwelonke.