* Ukuhlaziywa: Ekubeni eli nqaku lipapashwe kuqala, i-AP ihlaziye ezinye zeengcebiso zabo. Mhlawumbi kukulungele ukuthenga nje incwadi okanye ukujoyina isayithi, kwaye uthathe indleko njengendlela yokubhalwa kwerhafu! Ngenye indlela, ungalinda inguqulelo entsha ukuvelisa amanye amashishini okukopela kwi-intanethi. Ndiza kuphinda ndihlaziywe ngokukhawuleza njengoko ndinako.
Amagama abhenkcezayo
- Sebenzisa kuphela izifinyezo eziqhelekileyo. Into eqhelekileyo, njenge-NASA, i-FBI kunye ne-CIA, isetyenziswe kuzo zonke izikhokelo. Ngaphantsi kakhulu owaziwayo kodwa kusekhona izinto eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-OSHA kunye ne-NATO zingasetyenziswa emva kokupela igama elipheleleyo ekukhankanyiweyo kokuqala. Kwiimeko ezininzi, nangona kunjalo, i-stylebook iphakamisa ukusebenzisa i-reference reference njenge -agency okanye ukusebenzisana kwazo zonke izikhokelo emva kokuqala.
- Ungafaki izifinyezo ezingaqhelekanga kubazali emva kokubhaliweyo kokuqala (umzekelo, "I-American Copy Editors Society (ACES) ...") Esikhundleni sokuba ubuye uphinde igama elipheleleyo kwiingxelo ezilandelayo okanye usebenzisa i-reference reference, njengoluntu .
- Sebenzisa i-apostrophe kwaye uphawule iidridi zemfundo: "Unesibalo se-bachelor degree." Sebenzisa izifinyezo zeeyure kuphela xa ufuna ukufaka uluhlu lweenkcukacha emva kwegama; ukuwabeka kunye nama-commas: "UPeter White, uLL.D., Ph.D., wayeyintloko yesithethi."
- Isicatshulwa esiphezulu okanye esiphezulu ngokukhawuleza emva kwegama, kungenakho i-comma ukuyibeka: Justin Wilson Jr.
- Sichaza amagama azo onke amazwe xa usebenzisa kuphela: "Uhlala eMontana." Amagama angamazantsi angamazwi angama-7 okanye ngaphezulu xa esetyenzisiweyo negama ledolophu, kunye neenkomfa ngaphambi nangemva kokumfutshane: "IPittsburgh, Pa. Kwimpelasonto indawo yokubalekela abantu abahlala e-Youngstown, eOhio. "Uza kufumana uluhlu lwezifinyezo ezihambelanayo phantsi kwegama likaRhulumente kwi-stylebook.
- Qiniseka ukuba usebenzisa izifinyezo zeetrafti kwaye kungekhona i-US Postal Service izifinyezo zelizwe ngaphandle kokuba unikezela idilesi epheleleyo kuquka ikhodi ye-ZIP: "Thumela iminikelo kwiNgxowa-mali yoNcedo, iBhokisi. 185, iPasadena, CA 91030. "
- Cela igama leenyanga xa lisetyenziswe ngaphandle komhla othi: "Agasti ishushu kakhulu ukutyelela eFlorida." Iinyanga ezinqamlekileyo ngeetekisi ezintandathu okanye ngaphezulu xa zisetyenziswe ngomhla othile: Sept. 28 . Soloko uphawula abo abaneenkcukacha ezintlanu okanye ezimbalwa: Ngo- Meyi 15. Jonga uluhlu lweziincinci ezikhethiweyo phantsi kweenyanga ezikwincwadi yesitayela.
- Phinda usebenzise izihloko ezisetyenziselwa yedwa: "Wayengummeli wesibini ovela kwimeko yakhe." Sityhilwa kwaye usebenzise izihloko ezininzi xa zisetyenziswa ngqo phambi kwegama: "Sen. I-Boxer ibuza imibuzo enzima kwiRic. "Ukuchonga ukuba isihloko sichazwe, jonga ukungena kuyo kwincwadi yesitayela okanye ukhangele uludwe phantsi kweTytile .
- Ukuchaza izihloko ngamagama asetyenziswe kwiicatshulwa ezichanekileyo ngaphandle koDkt., UMnu, noMama: "Igosa likaPrew Pawlenty ngokucacileyo akukho uYese Ventura," watsho.
- Sichaza zonke iindawo eziqhelekileyo zamagama esitrato (indawo, ngasentla, kwendlela) xa kungekho dilesi ethile ethi: "Umthendeleko uya kubanjelwa kwiSitalato yaseMzantsi Charles." Xa inombolo isetyenzisiweyo, isicacisi (Ave.), boulevard (Blvd .), isitrato (iSt) kunye namacandelo anqwanqwa ngamagama esitalato: "Umsolwa uchongiwe njengoMichael Shawn we-1512 N. Mission St."
- Kwiibali zeendaba ezibhaliweyo, ungalokothi ugqibelele:
- Iintsuku zeveki.
- Ipesenti njenge%.
- Cents njenge ¢.
- Kwaye kunye & ngaphandle kokuba liyinxalenye esemthethweni yegama.
- IKrismesi njengeXmas.
Ixabiso
I-AP Stylebook isebenzisa oko kwaziwa ngokuba yi-downstyle; oko kukuthi, amagama angaphantsi ngaphandle kokuba umgaqo uthi uzuze. Ukuba awukwazi ukufumana umgaqo wokubeka igama kwi stylebook, sebenzisa kwi-lowercase.
Ininzi yemithetho yemali kufuneka ibe nolwazi kuwe.
- Qaphela izibizo eziqhelekileyo ezifana nomcimbi, umlambo kunye nesitalato xa ziyinxalenye yegama elifanelekileyo indawo, umntu okanye into: iLebertarian Party, uMlambo waseOhio. Kodwa unqabileyo kwezi zibizo eziqhelekileyo xa zimi zodwa okanye kwiingxelo ezilandelayo: "Iqela alizange libe nomviwa kumongameli," "Wayephantse emanzini emlanjeni." Nciphise zonke iindlela zokusebenzisa izibizo eziqhelekileyo: amaLibertarian kunye namaGreen, Imilambo yaseMonongahela ne-Ohio.
- I-Lowercase amagama angamaxesha angamaxesha ngaphandle kokuba asetyenziswe igama elifanelekileyo: iiOlimpiki zasehlobo .
- I-Lowercase igama kwigumbi ngaphandle kokuba lisetyenziswe nenani legumbi okanye xa inxalenye yegama legumbi elikhethiweyo: Igumbi 315, Igumbi Lincoln.
- Izalathisi zecandelo eliphantsi ngaphandle kokubhekisela kwimimandla ethile yommandla okanye amagama aphakanyisiweyo kule mimandla: i-Northeast; eMidwest.
- Izihloko ezisemthethweni ezisecaleni ezibonakalayo ngokwazo okanye zilandele igama (kwimeko yokugqibela, kufuneka zicetywe ngamagunya). Gxininisa izihloko ezizimeleyo eziza ngqo phambi kwegama: "Abafundi bavuya xa beva ukuba baya kudibana noMongameli Bush." Ungaze uphumelele iinkcazo zemisebenzi: i-shortstop, ipolisa, igqwetha kunye nokunye.
Amanani
I-AP Stylebook yokungena kwamanani iyaphumelela. Ukujonga okufutshane kubonisa ukuba kukho imigaqo emininzi efihlakeleyo phakathi kweengxelo ezininzi. Eziqhelekileyo zezi:
- Ngokuqhelekileyo, uphawule amanani enye ukuya kweyisithoba kwaye usebenzise amanani amanani 10 ukuya phezulu. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezihlala zithatha amanani, nangona kunjalo. Uninzi, kodwa kungekhona zonke, zibandakanya iiyunithi zokulinganisa. Ukungafani okuqhelekileyo kubandakanya:
- Idilesi: 7 Indawo yePaki.
- Iiminyaka, kodwa kungekhona izinto ezingapheliyo: Intaka eneminyaka emine ubudala, imoto eneminyaka emine.
- Iintsenti: 8 amenti.
- Iidola: i-$ 3. Qaphela ukuba isitayela se-AP asibandakanyi ixesha kunye nee-zeroes ezimbini xa zibhekisela kwinani ledoli.
- Imihla: Matshi 4. Qaphela ukuba iintsuku zithatha iinombolo zamakhadikhadi, kungekhona iinombolo zomgca (ungasebenzisi 4th).
- Ubukhulu: 5 inyawo 2, i-5 ne-9 iseli.
- Iindlela: Iindlela 7.
- Izigidi, izigidigidi: abantu abayizigidi ezi-6.
- Ipesenteji: 1 iphesenti. Phawula ukuba ipesenti enye igama.
- Ukukhawuleza: 8 mph.
- Ukushisa: ii-degrees ezimbini.
- Ixesha: 4 pm Isaziso sokuba isitayela se-AP asibandakanyi i-colon kunye nee-zeroes ezimbini xa zibhekisela kwiyure.
- Phinda amanani asetyenziswe ekuqaleni kwesivakalisi: "Abantu abayizinkulungwane ezilishumi bahamba kwi-capital." Ngaphandle: Musa ukuphalaza iminyaka: "Ngo-1999 wawungumnyaka onzima kwiinkampani zeteknoloji."
- Sebenzisa ii-commas ukusetha iqela ngalinye leenombolo ezintathu kwiimanani ezingaphezulu kwe-999 (ngaphandle kweminyaka kunye needesi): 12,650.
- Sebenzisa ama-decimals (ukuya kwiindawo ezimbini) kwiimali nezigidi ezingafuneki ngokuchanekileyo: $ 3.74 billion.
- Yongeza i-apostrophe kwinombolo yokwenza ubuninzi: "Wayigcina i-7s." Umgaqo ofanayo usebenza kwimashumi eminyaka: kuma-1980. Sebenzisa i-apostrophe kwiminyaka elishumi kuphela xa unqumla amanani okuqala: ii-80s.
IziPhuculo kunye neziNye
Ngona hlobo luninzi, isitayela se-AP silandela imithetho efanayo yeziphumlisi njengoko wafundiswa kwisikolo samabanga amabakala. Kukho ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo, nangona kunjalo:
- Ungasebenzisi i-comma ngaphambi kokubambisana kwinqaku elula. Uchungechunge olulula luchazwe njengento apho akukho zixhobo eziqulethe amagama kunye okanye okanye : "Ukukhetha kokuhlwa kwakungenkukhu, ikhodi okanye inyama yenkomo." Sebenzisa i-comma ngeziqulatho ezibandakanya izinto eziqulethwe kunye okanye okanye : "Imenyu enikwe ukhetho i-bacon namaqanda, i-pancake, okanye i-waffles. "
- Sebenzisa i-semicolon ukucacisa uchungechunge olubandakanya inani lamakhompi. Faka i-semicolon phambi kokubambisana: Izixhobo zenkampani yokuphatha zenziwa eTampa, Fla .; Austin, Texas; kunye neBaton Rouge, La.
Eminye iMithetho yoLuntu
- Sebenzisa igama elipheleleyo lomntu kwisalathiso sokuqala. Kwiingxelo ezilandelayo, sebenzisa kuphela igama lakhe lokugqibela ngaphandle kwesihloko. Okwesibini kunye nokulandelelana kwesibini esitshatileyo kufuneka kubhekisele kubo njengoMnu Nkosikazi: "Mnu. kwaye uNksz Oakes uya kulala e Las Vegas . "Kwimbali apho abantu ababini babelana khona negama lokugqibela, sebenzisa amagama apheleleyo kwisithenjwa ngasinye.
- Ixesha kufuneka liboniswe njengomfanekiso olandelwa ngam okanye ntambama : 8:33 pm Awunanto yokongeza amanye amagama ( ubusuku, ukusa, njalonjalo) ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku. Sebenzisa ubusuku okanye phakathi kobusuku kunokuba u-12 ntambama okanye ngo-12 ekuseni
- Sebenzisa ama-hyphens ukudibanisa onke amagama kwisiphakamiso esakhiweyo: "Ingxelo yevolumu emihlanu ifuna ukucoca indawo kule minyaka engama-10." Musa ukusebenzisa ingqungquthela ukuba ukwakhiwa kubandakanyeka okanye isibhengezo siphela- : iprojekti enkulu kakhulu, inqubo engekho mthethweni.
- Ukwenza ubuninzi beleta enye, ukusebenzisa kunye ne-apostrophe: "Zonke i-B zilungiswe ngakwesokudla." Ukwenza ubuninzi beeleta ezininzi, engeza nge-apostrophe: "Wayemncedisa ii-ABCs ngexesha elincinci."
- Ukwenza ubuninzi begama elenziwe ngeqela leencwadi, faka ileta: iiCD, ii-ABCs, iiTV.
- Izihloko zeencwadi, iifilimu, ukurekhoda, imiboniso ye-TV kunye nemisebenzi efanayo ichithwe kwiimpawu zokucaphulwa, kunye nawo onke amagama angundoqo athi: "UHarry Potter kunye ne-Deathly Hallows," "Iincwadi ezivela ku-Iwo Jima," "Inkumbulo epheleleyo," " I-Anatomy. "Izihloko zamaphephancwadi, amaphephandaba kunye nemisebenzi yenkcazelo ayifumana unyango olukhethekileyo: Newsweek, iBoston Globe, i-Associated Press Stylebook.
- Ngokuka-AP, iWebhsayithi yayo kunye nekhodi ye-ZIP.
Umbuzo malunga nomatshini okanye isitayela? Ndiqhagamshelane nakweyiphi na iplani yeendaba yoluntu apha ngezantsi:
Google Plus
Tumblr