I-Federal Express yaba yiFedEx njani?
Nangona kunjalo emva kweminyaka engamashumi amane, le nkampani inomsebenzi omkhulu weenqwelo zeenqwelo-moya emhlabeni jikelele ngokwempahla yeenqwelo ezihambahambayo kunye neyesine zezona zikhulu ngobukhulu ngokwezikhulu zezithuthi, zinabasebenzi abangaba ngu-300 000, kunye neengeniso zokuthengisa ezingaphezu kwe-40 zamawaka ezigidi.
I-Express Express Express
UFred Smith wavelisa ingcamango yeenkampani zenkampani yomhlaba xa wayengumfundi kwiYunivesithi yaseYale, kunye nabanye abafundi abaphawulekayo njengoMongameli uGeorge W. W. Bush kunye noMongameli weDemocratic Representative uJohn Kerry.
USmith uhambise iphepha elicebise umgaqo omtsha apho inkampani eyodwa yokwenza umsebenzi ijongene nenqwelwana yempahla evela:
- Ukhetho lwasekhaya
- Ukuhanjiswa kokugqibela
- Ukusebenzisa iinqwelo-moya, ama-depots, izitulo zokuthumela kunye neendawo zokuhambisa ezikhoyo
Emva kokugqitywa kweYale, uSmith waqalisa i-Federal Express ngo-1971 kunye nefa lakhe elizigidi ezingama-4 ezivela kuyise kunye ne-91 million yezigidi zemali . Usekelwe kwinkampani kwiingcamango ayenzileyo eYale, egxininise kwinkqubo ehlanganisiweyo yomoya. Waqala inkampani kwisikhululo-moya sase-Little Rock e-Arkansas, kodwa emva kweminyaka emibini yokusebenzisana nokungabikho kwenqwelo-moya, uSmith washukumisela ukusebenza kwe-Federal Express kwindawo yayo ekhoyo eMemis, eTennessee, eyayiyidolophu yaseFred Smith.
I-Federal Express yaqalisa ukusebenza kwemoya kwisibhedlele seMemis ngomhla ka-Ephreli 17, 1973 kunye neenqwelo zeenqwelo-moya zeDassault Falcon ezingama-20 ezazisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa amaphakheji phakathi kwimizi engamashumi amabini anesihlanu.
Iminyaka emithathu yokuqala yokusebenza yabona inkampani ilahlekelwa yimali nangona iyona nkampani entsha exhaswa ngemali kwimbali yase-US, ngokwemali-mali.
Kwaye kwafika ngowe-1976 ukuba inkampani ibone inzuzo yokuqala ye $ 3.6 yezigidi ezixhomekeke kwiiphakheji ezingama-19 ngosuku.
Ukutshatyalaliswa koMoya
Ukuchithwa kwemveliso ye-airline ngo-1977 kwakuthetha ukuba le nkampani encinci yayikwazi ukuthenga iinqwelo-moya ezinkulu ukwenzela ukwandisa inani leepakethi ezinokuthuthwa ngosuku.
I-Federal Express yathenga iinqwelo ezixhenxe ze-Boeing 727 kungekudala emva kokuncitshiswa kokulandelwa yiinqwelo ze-Boeing 737. Inkampani yandisa inzuzo yayo ngo-1977 nge-$ 8 yezigidi ekuthengiseni i-$ 110 yezigidi. Le nkampani yayinabathengi abaqhelekileyo abangama-31 000, kuquka i-IBM kunye ne-US Air Force, eyasebenzisa i-Federal Express ukuba ikhuphe izixhobo ezingenayo.
I-Federal Express yaba yinkampani kawonkewonke ngo-1978 eyayiphakamise i-capital ukuze yande. Unyaka emva kokuya koluntu inkampani yenza inzuzo yezigidi ezingama-21.4 kwizigidigidi ezingama-258.5 zamaRandi kunye neephakheji ezingama-65,000 ngosuku ukuya kwizixeko ezingama-89 eziseMelika.
Ukukhutshwa koBusuku bokuSondeza
Njengoko ama-1980 aqala iinkampani zaqala ukwandisa ukusebenzisa kwazo iinkonzo zokuhambisa ubusuku kunye ne-United States Post Office.
I-Federal Express yaqala ukukhuphisana ngqo nePost Office ngokuzisa uxwebhu olubhaliweyo ngobunobumba obusuku obungaqukatha ii-ounces ezimbini zeempepha ngenani lentlawulo ye-$ 9.50.
Le nkonzo yenza i-Federal Express inkampani kunye neentengiso ezinkulu kunazo zonke iinkampani zase-US zokuthutha umoya, phambi kwe-Emery, i-Airborne Freight, ne-Purolator Courier.
Ukufunyanwa kunye neNkonzo yamazwe ngamazwe
Ngo-1984 i-FedEx yenze i-acquisition yayo yokuqala, i-Gelco Express, i-courier ye-package ye-Minneapolis esekelwe kumazwe angama-84. Ukuphuhlisa iimarike zamanye amazwe, i-Federal Express yenza izinto eBrithani, eNetherlands nase-United Arab Emirates (UAE). Ngomnyaka we-1985 inkampani yabheka ukuhlakulela ubukho bamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokwandisa iinkonzo zayo eYurophu ngokuvula intambo yaseYurophu kwisiza sezindiza saseBrussels.
Ngowe-1987, i-Federal Express yayinika inkonzo malunga namazwe angama-90 kwaye yayinamalungelo okufika kwiivenyuli ezinhlanu ngaphandle kwe-United States, eMontreal, eToronto, eBrussels, eLondon, kunye namalungelo athile eTokyo. Ukuqhubela phambili ukwandisa iinkonzo zamazwe ngamazwe, inkampani izuze iTiger International, i-$ 883 yezigidi, kunye ne-airline yayo enzima-ye-Flying Tiger Line.
I-Express Express yafumana ukufikelela kweenqwelo-moya ezikude zeTiger ezibandakanya i-22 Boeing 747, i-11 Boeing 727 kunye neenqwelo-moya ze-DC-8.
Ukhuphiswano eMelika nakwamanye amazwe
I-1990 yafumana i-Federal Express kunye nokhuphiswano eMelika ukusuka kwi-UPS yazisa izaphulelo zevolumu ezithatha abaninzi abathengi be-Federal Express. Imisebenzi yamazwe ngamazwe yabiza kwi-Federal Express kunye nokuwa kweenzuzo ekunyuseni ukuthengisa ngenxa yeendleko zokuphuhlisa iimarike zaphesheya.
Ukwandisa amandla kunye nokunciphisa iindleko, inkampani ichithe iinqwelo zayo zeBoing 727 ze-Airbus A300. Ngo-1994 i-Federal Express yamkelwa "i-FedEx" njengegama layo elisemthethweni kunye nomnyaka kamva wathenga iindlela zomoya ezivela e-Evergreen International ukuqala iinkonzo e-China, waza wavula indawo ye-Asia ne-Pacific kwi-Subic Bay International Airport ePhilippines.
Ngo-1998 i-FedEx ithole i-Caliber Systems kwaye yakha i-FDX Corporation. Ukuthengwa kwe-Caliber kuthetha ukuba i-FedEx ifumene i-RPS ye-packet encinci (i-FedEx Ground manje), i-Viking Freight (i-FedEx Freight West), i-Caliber Logistics, i-Caliber Technology kunye ne-Roberts Express (ngoku i-FedEx Custom EziPhambili).
Ukusebenza kwangoku
I-FedEx ngoku ihamba ngeenqwelo-moya ezingaphezu kwe-700 eziquka iBoing 757-200, 767-300F kunye ne-777 Freighters. Yiyo yehlabathi iinqwelo-moya ezinkulu kunye ne-FedEx ngumqhubi omkhulu we-Airbus A300, i-Airbus A310, i-ATR 42, i-Boeing 727, i-Cessna 208, uMcdonnell Douglas MD-10, kunye ne-McDonnell Douglas MD-11. I-FedEx yatshintshile zonke iinqwelo zabo ze-Boeing 727-200 ngo-2016 ngeenqwelo ze-Boeing 757, ezingama-47 ekhulwini ezinamandla ngaphezu kweenqwelo ze-727.
Oku kunje i-Boeing yokuphela kwemveliso ye-757 ibuyele ngo-2004. I-FedEx ithenge i-aircraft esebenzisa i-757 evela kwezinye iinqwelo-moya ngeendleko ze-2.6 billion zamaRandi. I-FedEx yayiza kuba yi-airline yokuqalisa ye-Airbus A380 Freighter, kodwa ikhansele iimyalelo zayo emva kweminyaka emibini yokulibaziseka. I-FedEx yatshintshile i-oda ye-A380F kunye nemiyalelo ye-Boeing 777F eyenziwe.
Ukuhlaziywa nguMcebisi weCandelo loNcedo lweGary Marion.