Izihlanganisi kunye nokuXholwa koNcedo oluHlangeneyo
Umyalelo ngumyalelo ngumyalelo wenkundla okanye wenqabela isenzo. Isimiselo sisoloko sikho umyalelo wenkundla unqwenela ukuba elinye iqela liyeke ukwenza into ewonakalisa kwelinye iqela. Ukuba ummangali ufumane isigwebo, ummangali kufuneka abonise ukuba akukho nanye ikhambi lokungalunganga lwanele okanye lugqibeleleyo.
Xa kunqunywe ukuba isigwebo simele sikhutshwe, inkundla kufuneka ilandelelanise imfuno yesikhalazo malunga nelungelo lokuchitshiyelwa kwe-5 (elifanelekileyo) yelinye iqela ukwenza ibhizinisi okanye ukwenza imisebenzi yomthetho.
INkundla inokuthi iqwalasele ingozi eyenziwe yintsebenzo (okanye ukungasebenzi) kwelinye lamalungu kunye nokulungelelanisa amalungelo kunye nezenzo zamabini omabini ekwenzeni isigqibo.
Iimbambano zidlalwa kwishishini, i-real estate kunye neemeko zengqesho.
Ziziphi iiNdidi zeZiQinaniso?
Izihlanganisi ziwela kwiintlobo ezintathu, ngokusekelwe kubude bexesha abasebenza.
Izilungiso zesikhashana, ezibizwa ngokuba yiNkqubo yokuVimbela kweTyhutyana (i-TROs), imiyalelo yenkundla yomntu ukuba ayeke ukwenza okuthile ixesha elide. Kule meko, bazama ukuvimbela umntu ukuba enze izenzo ezinokulimaza omnye umntu.
Usenokuba weva nge-TRO kwiimeko zokuxhaphazwa ekhaya, kodwa zingasetyenziswa kwezinye iimeko zeemeko. I-TRO isetyenziselwa ukuyeka i-auction ye-auction yepropati xa umnini wepropathi engasemva kwi-mortgage.
Iziganeko zokuqala zivela xa imeko iqala nje, ukukhusela elinye iqela ekuqhubekeni isenzo esinokulimaza elinye iqela ngelixa le nto iqhubeka.
Ezi ntlobo zeluncedo zisetyenziselwa kwizivumelwano ezinqamlekileyo , njengesivumelwano esingabikho kukhuphiswano (kuchazwe ngezantsi).
Izigxeko ezingapheliyo zinexesha elingenamkhawulo. Isigwebo esisigxina sininzi isigwebo senkundla ekupheleni kwetyala. Umyalelo osisigxina unokuqhubeka nomgaqo wesigwebo sokuqala ngonaphakade.
Ngokomzekelo, umqobo kwi-isivumelwano esingenagqubuthelo unokwenziwa isigxina.
Yiyiphi Inkululeko yokuHlanganisa?
Ukhuseleko oluhlangeneyo ligama elisetyenziswe kwiikontraka ukuchaza ukuba elinye lamaqela lingafuna ukumisa omnye umntu ukuba enze into ethile. Isivumelwano esingekho sikhuphiswano, umzekelo, unokuthi umthengisi angafuna ukufumana uncedo olungenakuncedo (oko kukuthi, ilungu linelungelo lokufumana isigwebo) kumncintiswano osolwayo.
Izibambiso kwiiNkonyulo zoTywala
Iimbambano zihlala zisetyenziselwa kwiimeko ezingabikho kukhuphiswano apho kukholwa elinye iqela ukuba liphule isivumelwano esingekho sikhuphiswano kwaye lonakalisa elinye iqela. Ummangali uzama ukufumana isigwebo sokumisa umncintiswano ekudaleni umonakalo owongezelelweyo de kubekwe ityala. Ngaloo ndlela uhlobo lokugweba ngamanye amaxesha lubizwa ngokuba ngumyalelo osesikweni okanye umyalelo wokuqala.
Nantsi indlela i-injunction inokusebenza ngayo kwimeko yokungabikho komncintiswano. UJoe uye wathengisa ishishini lakhe lokuphalaza uSuzie wePlumber. Watyikitye isivumelwano esingekho-khuphiswano esithi akayi kubongoza abathengi (abadala okanye abatsha) okanye basebenze njengeplumber ngaphakathi kweekhilomitha ezili-10 zebhizinisi likaSuzi iminyaka emithathu. USuzzi ufumanisa ukuba uJoe usebenze ngaphaya komyinge wama-10.
Ngenxa yexesha elithathayo ukulungisa ungeyomncintiswano, umonakalo kwishishini elitsha likaSuzi lenziwa nguJoe, ngaphandle kokuba angammisa. Nangona unelungelo lokuqhubeka nokwenza ishishini, akanalo ilungelo lokusebenza ngokuphula umthetho ongeyena ukhuphiswano, ngoko uSuzzi uya enkundleni ukuze athole isigwebo.
Iintlangano kwi-Bankruptcy
Izihlanganisi zisetyenziselwa ukuphazamiseka, kubhiziniselwano nakwebuntu, ukuba bayeke ababolekisi ukuba bazama ukuqokelela kwiimali ngexesha lokucima imali. Olu hlobo oluthile lomyalelo lubizwa ngokuba yi-automatic rest, eqala ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza ukuba ityala le-bankruptcy lifakwe kwaye liqhubekele kude kube ukukhutshwa kwamatyala. Ukuba umboleki-mali ufuna ukususa ngokuzenzekelayo, kufuneka acele inkundla.
Izihlanganisi kwi-Copyright and Patent Cases
Izibambiso ziqhelekileyo kwiimeko zokuphulwa kwe-copyright okanye i-patent, ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo-ukukhusela umonakalo kumnikazi we-copyright okanye ilungelo lobunikazi de kubekwe ityala.
Ukuba ufuna inkundla ukukhupha umyalelo wokumisa umntu ukuba aphule ilungelo lakho lobunikazi, kufuneka uqale ubhalise i-copyright yakho.
Kwimeko ye-patent ye-2016 echaphazelekayo e-eBay, inkundla yaxhasa ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezine ukuba umnini-mvume kufuneka abonise:
Kuye kwaxhatshazwa kakubi.
Izilungiso zomthetho, ezifana nokulimala kwemali, azanele ukuhlawula ukulimala.
Umlinganiselo weengxaki phakathi kwamaqela axhasayo umyalelo.
Umdla woluntu awunakunyulwa ngumyalelo
Izihlanganisi kwiiNkqubo zoLwaphulo lweeNkxaso zeFiduciary
Abanye abantu boshishini banemisebenzi ethile yemisebenzi okanye imisebenzi yokuthembela. I-Fiduciary ithetha ukuba aba bantu banomsebenzi wokuthatha isenzo ngokusekelwe kwisimo sabo. Amalungu ebhodi yabaqondisi , umzekelo, banemisebenzi yokugcina imisebenzi kwinxaxheba yenkampani. Ukuba ilungu lebhodi lithenga isitishi ngaphandle kwegunya, umyalelo unokufuneka ukuba unqume ukuthenga.
Kwi-real estate, ama-agent anemisebenzi yokugcina imali , njengokuthatha imali engqongqo kwaye uyifake kwi-akhawunti ye-escrow. Ukuba i-firm real estate iyifumene ukuba i-arhente ayenzi le ntlawulo, iyakwazi ukubeka umyalelo kwi-arhente ukukhusela izenzo ezingabangela umonakalo kwinkampani.
Eminye kwiZihlanganisi
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe vetshe, jonga eli nqaku malunga namagqwetha kunye nokuncediswa kokungenakuncedo kwiSikolo soLwazi lwezomthetho saseConell University School.