Imiba, Iintlobo kunye neNgxaki yokuThuthwa kweNtengiso
Amashishini ngamnye abeka iinkqubo zokuthengwa kwempahla ezilawula ukukhetha kwabo ababoneleli, iimveliso kunye neendlela kunye nezindlela eziza kusetyenziswa ukuthetha nabathengi babo. Ngokomzekelo, amaxesha amaninzi amashishini asebeke iinkqubo zokubiza nokuphonononga iziphakamiso.
Imiba ekuthengeni
- ukuchonga iimfuno zabathengi kunye nabathengi;
- ukhetha nokulungiselela izixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokunxibelelana nababoneleli;
- ukulungiselela izicelo zeziphakamiso kunye nezicelo zeengcaphuno;
- ukubeka imigaqo-nkqubo yokuphonononga iziphakamiso, iingcaphuno kunye nabathengisi.
Imizila yokuthenga
Enye yemimiselo yakutshanje yokuthengwa kwempahla yintengiso (eyaziwayo njenge-eco-procurement or purchase purchase). Inani elinyukayo lamashishini lidala imigaqo-nkqubo yokuthengwa egxininisa ukukhangela kunye nokuthenga iimpahla kunye neenkonzo ezingonakalisi ngokusingqongileyo kunezinye iindlela ezinokulinganiswa.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yokuthengwa kwemigangatho yendalo iquka ukuchonga iimpahla okanye iinkonzo ezinefuthe elincinci kwimeko:
- ukunciphisa inkunkuma;
- ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi yokushisa;
- ukugcina amandla, amanzi kunye nomhlaba;
- usebenzisa imithombo yamandla ahlaziywayo;
- ayinayo into enobuthi okanye ikhuphe ukungcola.
Imisebenzi kaRhulumente kunye neeNkonzo zikaRhulumente eKhanada unolwazi malunga nemigangatho yokuthengwa kwempahla eluhlaza kunye nezibonelelo ngelixa eli nqaku I-100 Mile Diet yezoRhwebo eziNcinci ibonisa indlela elula kumashishini amancinci ukubeka umgaqo-nkqubo wokuthengwa kwempahla eluhlaza.
Ukutshintshwa kokuziphatha kuyindlela efanayo ekuthengeni izinto ezithe zafumana ingqalelo kwiminyaka yakutshanje njengoko iimveliso ezingaphezulu kunye nangaphezulu ziveliswa okanye zenziwe kumazwe asithathu ehlabathini azingabalulekanga imilinganiselo yezabasebenzi. Ukubonakaliswa ngabasebenzi be-activists, izenzo zokuxhaphaza kwiinkampani zembatho kumazwe afana neBangladesh, i-Indonesia, i-China kunye neVietnam ziye zaphazamisa kakhulu umfanekiso weenkampani ezifana ne-Nike ne-Walmart.
Ngokuphendula, i-Walmart iye yamkela umgaqo-nkqubo wokuchonga umgaqo-nkqubo wokuthengiswa kweetyunithi , kwaye ngo-1999 iNikeke iqulunqe i-Fair Labor Association (FLA), iqela elingenzi nzuzo elizibophezele ekuphuculeni imigangatho yengqesho kubasebenzi kwihlabathi lonke ngokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zabasebenzi kunye nezimo zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo.
Iinkampani ezithatha inxaxheba zingabhaliswa kunye ne-FLA ngokunyanzelisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yezemisebenzi kunye neenkqubo ze-FLA. I-Nike ngoku iqhuba uphicotho lwamafektri kwaye ipapasha ingxelo yoxanduva loxanduva loluntu oluqulethe ulwazi malunga nokuzibophezela kwayo ekuzinzileni nasekusebenzeni ngokufanelekileyo.
Njengokuba kusetyenziswe ukukhangela okufanelekileyo, umsebenzi onobulungisa uquka ukuthengwa kweempahla kunye neenkonzo ezenziwe kwimeko apho:
- ukhuseleko lomsebenzi luhlonishwa;
- Abasebenzi bahlawulelwa umvuzo omhle ngomsebenzi wabo;
- Abasebenzi basebenze iiyure ezifanelekileyo, kwaye baneenzuzo zempilo;
- akukho msebenzi wabantwana osetyenziswayo.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yokuchonga ngokwemigaqo iquka ngokubanzi iinkqubo zokuthengwa kwezinto eziluhlaza kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yabasebenzi.
Ukukhwabanisa kwempahla
Ngokwemvelo yayo, inkqubo yokuthengwa ihlawulisa ulwaphulaphulo olumhlophe kunye nokunyuka kokugqithiswa kwezinto kuye kwandisa umba. Enyanisweni, ngokwe-PwC yoShishino loLwaphulo-mthetho loLwaphulo-mali luka-2014 ukukhwabanisa kwempahla yinto yesibini yoluhlu lwezoqoqosho olubhekiselele kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ingxelo ithi i-29% yemibutho iye yabhekana nokukhwabanisa kwempahla - i-Afrika inexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu elibikwe (43%) elilandelwa nguMbindi Mpuma (33%). Ukubonelela ngemveliso kunye neenkonzo nakwamanye amashishini kunye noorhulumente bangaba yoshishini elinemali kunye nabathengisi ngamanye amaxesha bazama ukufumana inzuzo kumaqhankqalazi ngeendlela ezingafanelekanga . Amacandelo amaninzi anikwe ingxelo ngokukhwabanisa (ukuqala ngeyona ephezulu) yile:
- Amashishini karhulumente
- Amandla
- Izixhobo kunye neemigodi
- Ubunjineli kunye nokwakhiwa
- Ezokuthutha kunye nezinto zokusebenza
Ukukhwabanisa nokukhwabanisa iifomu eziqhelekileyo zokukhwabanisa ngokuthengwa kweempahla kunye neenkonzo, njengokuba kukhwabanisa ukuthengwa kwempahla. Enye yezona zinto ziqhelekileyo zoshishino ukufumana i-invoyisi efana ne-phony yeemveliso ezingazange zithunyelwe. Umenzi wobubi unethemba lokuba ishishini liya kuhlawula ngokuzenzekelayo invoyisi.
Amashishini angakhusela ukukhwabanisa ngokuthenga:
- ukuvumela abasebenzi abakhethiweyo kuphela, ukuba babeke iilayiphu yeempahla kunye neenkonzo;
- ukungamkeli izibonelelo ezivela kubanikezeli abangaziwa;
- ukwala izinto ezingalawulwayo;
- kunye nokubeka iliso ngokugqithiseleyo okanye ukuphinda ukuthengwa kwezinto eziphene okanye eziphantsi kweenkonzo okanye iinkonzo.
Eyaziwayo njenge: Ukuthengwa kwempahla.
Imizekelo: UMartin wanquma ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo wakhe wokuthengwa wawuza kubakhokela ababoneleli bendawo .