Umzekelo
UMthetho uYilwayo ngumcebisi wekhompyutheni oziqhelisayo. Usemini isidlo sesidlo kunye noJeff, umphathi we-ABC Manufacturing. UBhili uzama ukuqinisekisa uJeff ukuba i-ABC idinga iinkonzo zeBill. Umthetho uYilwayo unomdla kwaye uphuze kakhulu utywala. Emva kwesidlo sasemini uBill noJeff babuyela kwikomkhulu le-ABC ukuba baqhube incoko yabo. UBhili uvakalelwa kukuba uyaphula. Usendleleni eya eofisi yeJeff xa ekhwela kwi-bookcase. Ibhasikisithi iyawa kwiBill, iyalimaza kakhulu ihlombe.
Yilwayo iifayile ezichasene ne-ABC zifuna ukulungiswa kwembuyekezo yokulimala komzimba . I-suit yakhe ithetha ukuba i-ABC yayinganyaniseki ngenxa yokuba ayikwazanga ukukhusela ibhasikisithi eludongeni. Iibhloko zokubala ze-ABC ukuba iBill yayinganaki xa ephuza utshwala. Ubume bakhe obungabonakaliyo bubangelwa yingozi.
Ukunyaniseka
Ngaphantsi kwengcamango yegalelo lokunyaniseka, umntu akavumelekanga ukuba abuyele umonakalo ngenxa yokwenzakala ukuba ukunyaniseka kwakhe kubangele ukulimala.
Ukubuyiselwa kuvinjelwe nangona umntu ebenoxanduva oluncinane lokulimala. Kwimeko ye-ABC yokuFakisha uBill ayiyi kuba nelungelo lokumonakalisa ukuba i-ABC ingabonisa ukuba uBill waye-1% ojongene nokulimala kwakhe.
Ngaphambi kokuba imithetho yempindiselo yabasebenzi isetyenziswe, abaqeshi abaninzi baye baphumelela ngokuphumelela ekugwetshweni kwezigwebo kwabasebenzi abalimele ngokubhikisana nokuba ukungabikho kwabasebenzi kwabangenalo kubangela ukulimala kwabo.
Njengomgaqo-mthethweni, inxaxheba yokunganyaniseki kubhekwa ngokugqithiseleyo. Abaninzi abasemagunyeni abanakho ubunzima bokubonisa ukuba ummangalelwa wayengu-1% ojongene nokulimala. Ngaloo ndlela, bonke abantu abathintekayo bawashiyile le mfundiso.
Ukungahambisani nokunyaniseka
Esikhundleni sokubangela ukunganyaniseki, amaninzi asetyenziswayo imfundiso yokuqhathaniswa nokungalingani . Ngaphantsi kweli qhinga lezomthetho umntu uyahlawulwa (okanye akunjalo) kuxhomekeke kwisilinganiso sakhe semfanelo. Umntu unokufumana umonakalo nangona ukuba ukunganakwa kwaloo mntu kubangele ukulimala kwakhe. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zokumelana nokunyaniseka: ukucoceka nokuguqulwa.
Ukunyaniseka okuthe tye
Ngaphantsi kwemfundiso yokunyaniseka okucacileyo , umntu ufanelekile ukuhlawulelwa kuphela kwindlela engenazo uxanduva lokulimala. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba inkundla inokuthi uBill (kumzekelo wangaphambili) ube ngu-25% ojongene nokulimala kwegxalaba lakhe. Ngaba uBill wayesilumkileyo xa kwenzeka ingozi wayeza kuhlawulwa i-$ 50,000 kwimonakalo. Ibhaso leBill liyancitshiswa ngu-25% (inxalenye yakhe yemfanelo). Ufumana i $ 37,500 kuphela.
Phantse kwikota yelizwe e-US landela imfundiso yokunyaniseka okuthe tye.
Enye impendulo eyintloko yalo mgaqo kukuba inceda umntu ukuba ahlawule umonakalo nangona ukuba nguye unobangela obunobungozi. Ngokomzekelo, uBill unokufumana i-1% yemonakalo (i-$ 500) nangona wayeneminyaka engama-99% enoxanduva lokulimala kwakhe. Ukuthintela le meko abaninzi baye bafumana imfundiso ebizwa ngokuba yintlupheko yokungafanelani.
Ukunyaniseka okuthelekisiwe
Phantse ezibini kwisithathu kwezo zizwe zithathe ulawulo olujongene nokunyaniseka. Ngaphantsi kolu hlobo lomonakalo wolawulo lunikezelwa kuphela kuloo nxalenye yengozi engabonakaliyo kummangali. Nangona kunjalo, imbuyekezo iyavunyelwa kuphela ukuba ukuphulwa komntu akugqithisi umda okhankanywe. Lo mbundu ngokuqhelekileyo u-50% okanye 51%.
Ngokomzekelo, cinga ukuba uBill uyayifumana kwi-ABC Manufacturing efakwe kwimeko enomthetho onokuqhathaniswa nokungahambisani nomthetho.
Umthetho uvumela umntu omazi ukuba ahlawule umonakalo ukuba uneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-50% enoxanduva lokulimala. Ukuba inkundla ithola ukuba uBill unembopheleleko ye-40% yokulimala kwakhe, iBill iya kulungeleka umonakalo. Igalelo lakhe kwingozi (40%) lingaphantsi kwe-50%. Isixa semonakalo uBill esiya kufumana siya kuba ngu-60% yemonakalo ayayiyifumana ngaphandle kokuba engenelele ekubizeni kwakhe.
Khawuthethe ukuba inkundla ithola ukuba uBill u-60% uxanduva lokulimala kwakhe. Kule meko iBill ayiyi kuqokelela nayiphina imonakalo. Ubume bakhe bembopheleleko (60%) ngaphezu kwe-50%.
Umthetho okanye uMthetho weNkundla
Urhulumente ngamnye unomthetho obonisa ukuba uyayilandela umgaqo wokunyaniseka okanye inxalenye ethile yokungahoywa. Umthetho unokuba ngummiselo (umthetho obhaliweyo) okanye isigqibo senkundla esedlule.