Ukunyuka
Ukunyamekelwa, ukugcinwa kunye nokulawulwa kokungabikho kusebenza rhoqo kwiimeko ezinxulumene nepropati ebhayiliweyo. Ibheyili ikhona xa umntu enesakhiwo sexeshana somntu othile.
Umntu onelungelo lepropathi ubhekiselwa kuye njengebhayilee, ngelixa umnini ngumnini-mbheyili. Ukubhalwa kwebhanki akubandakanyi ukudluliselwa kobunini. I-bailee ayifumani isihloko kwipropati, ngoko ke kufuneka ayibuyisele kumnikazi xa ibheyili iphelile.
Ibhizinisi lingaba nelifa lomntu omnye umntu ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Kungabamba ipropati ukugcinwa okanye ukwenza uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi kuyo. Ngaphandle koko, ishishini linokuqeshisa okanye liboleke ipropati ukuyisebenzisa kwimisebenzi yalo ixesha elithile. Nayi imimiselo yezibheno:
- Unayo indawo yokutyela ehlinzeka ngesevisi yokukhangela ingubo yabathengi.
- Uqeshise umshini wokukopisha kwi-ofisi yokugcina iofisi ukuze usebenzise kwi-akhawunti yakho ye-accounting.
- Unayo ivenkile yomzimba wezithuthi. Ibhizinisi lakho linalo izithuthi zabathengi kwiindawo zabo ukuze abasebenzi bakho bakwazi ukulungisa.
- Unayo ibhizinisi loplani kwaye uqeshiwe yikontrakta jikelele ukufaka iimfayili kunye nokulungiswa kwindlu ephantsi kokwakhiwa. Umnini wezindlu uthenge inkomfa entsha yokuhlambela, enokuyifaka kwinkqubo yokufaka.
- Unayo i cafe. Umshini wakho we-espresso uphukile ngoko uboleke enye kwivenkile yeefowuni esiseduze ukuyisebenzisa ide umatshini wakho angalungiswa.
Kwimimiselo engentla apha, unomntu womntu onomnini onawo ngenjongo ethile. Kumele ubuyisele umnikazi kumnini wayo xa loo nto inikwe.
Ukuba loo propati yonakaliswe ngaphambi kokuba uyibuyise, umnini angase afune ukubuyiswa ngokufaka ifom yomonakalo wesakhiwo kwishishini lakho.
Injongo Yokhathalelo, Ukugcinwa Kwempahla, okanye Ukulawula
Njengoko kuthethwe ngaphambili, imigaqo-nkqubo yokuzibophezela kunye nokuzibophezela ngokwemoto iqulethe ukunakekelwa, ukugcinwa okanye ukulahlwa. Ngaloo ndlela, kunceda ukuqonda oko okuthethwa ngamazwi, ukugcinwa kunye nokulawula ngokubanzi kuthetha. Xa uguqulela amagama kwinqubomgomo yomshuwalense, iinkundla zihlala zikhangele kwiingcaciso zesichazi-magama. Nazi ezinye iinguqulelo zesichazi magama zokunyamekela, ukugcinwa, nokulawula:
- Ukunyamekela : Ukugcinwa kwexeshana; ngqalelo; ukuhlawulwa okanye ulawulo
- I-Custody : Ukugcina; ukuhlawulwa okanye ukulawula ngokukhawuleza; kugcinwa
- Ulawulo : Ulawulo okanye umyalelo; ku thintela
Nangona ukhathalelo, ukugcinwa, kunye nokulawula kunenkcazelo eyahlukileyo, intsingiselo yazo ihamba ngokuthe xaxa. Ukongezelela, elowo luchazwe ngokuchazwa. Abaphathi beemigaqo-nkqubo, abaqinisekisi, kunye neenkundla abasoloko bethetha le migaqo ngendlela efanayo.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wokuPhathwa kweNtlawulo
Kumgaqo-nkqubo we- ISO jikelele wokunyaniseka, ukunyamekelwa, ukugcinwa kunye nokulawulwa kokulawula kuphantsi koMgangatho A, ukuXhatshazwa kweBhodi kunye nokuLawulwa kwePropati yePropati. Inokufunyanwa kwiqela leempahla ezingenanto ezibizwa ngokuba yiMonakalo yePropati.
Ukukhutshwa kuphelisa ukukhutshwa komonakalo wepropati:
Isakhiwo somntu ekunyamekeleni, ekugcinweni okanye ekulawuleni i-insured
Qaphela ukuba ukunyamekelwa, ukugcinwa okanye ukulawula ukungabikho kusebenza kwipropati yakho kuphela. Ayisebenzisi kwipropati yangempela, ithetha umhlaba kunye nezakhiwo. (Ukulimala kwizakhiwo kubhekiswa kwezinye iindawo zokuLawulwa kweMpahla ukuya kuKhutshwa kweMpahla.) Ngaphezu koko, ukukhutshwa kubhekisela "ekunyamekelweni, ekugcinweni okanye ekulawuleni," kungekhona "ukunakekelwa, ukugcinwa kunye nokulawula." Oku kuthetha ukuba "ukunakekelwa," "ukugcinwa" kunye "nokulawula" ngokuqhelekileyo kubonwa ngokuzimela. Kwakhona, ukukhutshwa kusebenza kwipropati yomntu kwiinkathalo, ukugcinwa okanye ukulawula i-insured. Kwi-inshorensi yemfanelo, i-insured ngokuvamile ibhekiselele kwi-insured ebizwa ngebango okanye i-suit.
Imizekelo yeziBango ezingabandakanyiyo
Imizekelo elandelayo ibonisa iintlobo zamabango anonyamekelayo, ukugcinwa kunye nokulawulwa kokukhutshwa kwenzelwe ukukhuphela:
- Umthengi ufake ibango kwi-restaurant yakho efuna ukubuyiselwa kwengubo yoboya obunqabileyo ngenkathi ukhathalele inkonzo yengubo yakho yokutya.
- Ubuyisela umatshini wekopi kwisitoreji seofisi emva kokuqeshisa kwakho. Ivenkile ize ifake ibango kwishishini lakho, lithetha ukuba umshini wonakaliswe ngelixa ugcinwe.
- Isithuthi somthengi silindele ukulungiswa kwivenkile yakho yomzimba xa libiwe kwindawo yokupaka. Umthengi ufaka ibango kwi-shishini lakho lifuna ukubuyiselwa kwexabiso lezithuthi.
- Umnini-fayili ufayile umonakalo wepropati ibango lakho shishini lokupasa. Uthi uyonakalise inkcenkcesha yakhe entsha ngelixa ulingenisa kwindawo yakhe yokuhlambela.
- Umshini wakho we-cafe we-espresso ulungisiwe ukuze ubuyisele lowo obolekelwe kwisitolo sekhofi. Umnini wesitolo sekhofi uthe umatshini unobungozi ngelixa belifa lakho. Ufake ibango kwi-shishini lakho lifuna ukubuyiselwa komshini ophukileyo.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wezoRhwebo
Umgaqo-nkqubo we-ISO Business Auto uqulethe ukunakekelwa, ukugcinwa kunye nokulawulwa kokulawula. Ukukhutshwa kubandakanyeka kwicandelo loxanduva lokuzimela. Igama livela ngezantsi.
Umonakalo wepropati okanye ukungcola kwindleko okanye iindleko ezibandakanya ipropathi okanye ezithunyelwa ngumntu okhuselwe ngumshwalense okanye kwi-insured care, custody okanye control. Kodwa ukuxothwa akusebenzi ku-xanduva phantsi kwesivumelwano sokuqhawula.
Ukunyamekela, ukugcinwa kunye nokulawulwa kokukhutshwa kukuphelisa ukukhutshwa komonakalo kwipropati (kubandakanywa nezithuthi) ekunakekelwa kwakho, ekugcinweni okanye ekulawuleni, nokuba ngumnini okanye omnye umntu. Ukukhutshwa kusebenza kumonakalo wepropati nokuhlambulula indleko yokucoca . Nazi imimiselo yeebango ezingabandakanyiyo. Kuzo zonke iziganeko ezilandelayo, cinga ukuba ishishini lakho liqinisekise zonke iinqwelo zeenkampani zecala phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo wentengiso.
- Uqhuba iloli eliphantsi kweshishini lakho xa ushaya iqhosha leqhwa elimnyama. Iilori zikhupha emthini, zilimaza umgca ongaphambili.
- Uqhuba ishishini lokulungisa ikhompyutha. Usebenzisa iloli elinenkampani ukuhambisa ikhompyutha kumthengi xa ubandakanyeka engozini. Ikhompyutheni yomthengi ibhujiswa.
- Uqhuba imoto yokuqeshisa ngexesha lohambo lwangaphandle kwidolophu xa uphumelela ngenye imoto. Imoto yokuqasha iyonakaliswe engozini.
Kwimimiselo ekhankanywe ngasentla, umonakalo kwiloli, ikhomputha kunye nemoto yokuqeshisa iya kuba phantsi kokunyamekelwa, ukugcinwa okanye ukulawulwa ngaphandle. Ungaqinisekisa ishishini lakho kumonakalo kwizithuthi ozikhethile okanye eziqashisayo ngokuthenga umonakalo owenzela ukulimala ngokwasemzimbeni . Ukulimala kwipropati oyithuthayo kwiinqwelo ezinokuthengiswa kwi- inshurensi ye-transit yangaphakathi .
Ukungabikho kwezivumelwano zeSidetrack
Ukunyamekela, ukugcinwa kunye nokulawula okungafunyanwa kumgangatho oqhelekileyo wemfanelo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokuthengisa imveliso iqulethe i-exception for debtability under the agreement of sidetrack. I-sidetrack (ebizwa ngokuba yi-spur) yincandelo elifutshane lomzila osebenza phakathi kweziko loshishino kunye nomzila womzila omkhulu. Isivumelwano esinqumlayo sivumelwano phakathi komzila kunye nombutho wezorhwebo apho umzila weloliwe uvumela ukuba ishishini lisebenzise i-sidetrack. Ngenzuzo, ishishini liyavuma ukuhlawulela umzila loliwe xa kuthethwa ngenxa yoshishino lokungabi nxanxathelwano lwe-sidetrack.