Kwabini bobabini bafuna ukujongana nokuphazamiseka okukhulu kwintengiso yemisebenzi. Indlela abantu basebenza ngayo, apho abantu basebenze khona, izinto abazenzayo ukuze baphile, kwaye izakhono abazifunayo zonke ziguqukile.
Sinenkinga namhlanje ngokukwazi ukwenza inxalenye ebalulekileyo yabantu bethu ukwenza imali eyaneleyo yokuxhasa ngokwabo kunye neentsapho zabo. Ukunyusa umvuzo omncinci ngumcebiso olula kunye nezopolitiko, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo asiyiyo isisombululo esizinzileyo. Ayiyi kudala umvuzo ophilayo kwaye, endaweni yoko, uya kuqinisekisa ukuhlupheka kobuhlwempu. Sifaka iirhafu kwiimpahla kunye nemveliso yerhafu kunye neenkonzo zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwazo; Ukulwa i-$ 15 yinto nje yerhafu kwimisebenzi kunye nokudala imisebenzi. Ingxoxo yayo ixubusha uviwo lwethu ngezizathu ezingundoqo ezibambisa abantu kwimisebenzi engaphantsi-mali kunye nendlela yokufumana izisombululo ezizinzileyo. Kufuneka ukuba senze njalo.
I-FDR ne-LBJ isisilwe nokulwa nobuhlwempu, kodwa ngelanga ezininzi izicwangciso eziqhubekayo eziye zazaliswa zabangelwa emashumi eminyaka entlupheko kunye nezinye iingxaki zoluntu.
Into esiyifumayo ukusuka kutshintsho oluphezulu lwezoqoqosho kukuba umcimbi awukwazi ukubeka ngokufanelekileyo kwi-silo ehlukeneyo, kuba yonke into eqoqosho lwethu ihambelana namanye amanqanaba. Siye saqonda ukuba ukubandakanyeka kolunye urhulumente kunokuba luncedo, kodwa ulawulo lolawulo oluncinci lukarhulumente aluzange lubonakalise ukuba luncedo okanye olufanelekileyo ekuxazululeni iingxaki ezininzi zexesha elide loqoqosho.
Akunjalo ngempela kwivili, kuba iinqununu ezikhethiweyo kunye nezikarhulumente zikarhulumente zinezinto ezininzi eziphikisanayo kunye nokungabi naso ulwazi loshishino olufunekayo ukuze lube lukhulu kunokhula.
Xa ndicinga ngomgaqo-nkqubo we-rhu lumente, ndicinga ngezopolitiko zibetha ilitye njengoko zikhangele imimiselo emitsha encedo ukuze sincede. Ingxaki kukuba njengoko beyakha le migaqo emitsha amanzi ahlala ehla kakhulu, kwaye thina kunye noqoqosho lwethu luqala ukucima. Ngokomlinganiselo omkhulu, imimiselo "inzuzo" yimbangela enkulu yeengxaki ezininzi esijamelana nazo ekusebenzeni kulolu tshintsho lomsebenzi ngoku.
Imbali ingaba yinto ehlekisayo. Into esiyicinga ukuba yinyaniso idlalwa yinto engcolileyo yinkqubo yenkolelo yomtshilo. Njengoko inkolelo iphindaphindiwe kwaye ingatshatyalaliswa kwinqanaba lexesha, iba yinyaniso. I-FDR yayinguMongameli owaziwayo kakhulu kwaye kunjalo, nangona nangona iprogram zemisebenzi yangaphambi kwemfazwe eyayiqalile yayidume kwaye inenzuzo kwithuba elifutshane, ngokuqinisekileyo yayigxininisa ezininzi iingxaki zezoqoqosho zolu suku kwaye zandisa iCopression Depression. Wayeyindoda, kodwa wayeqonda ukuba ukuphumelela kweWWII kwakufuneka aguqule imveliso yemfazwe, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kukaRhulumente, kwiinkampani ezizimeleyo zenkampani ukwenzela ukuba zihlangabezane neemfuno zemikhosi yethu.
Kuninzi kunokuthi kuthiwe kunye nomlanjana kunye ne-LBJ kunye nemfazwe yakhe malunga nendlala; Sisaqhubeka sisondeza ngokwezoqoqosho namhlanje kwezinye zeembewu ezitshalileyo. Saphinda sinyathela amanzi size siphephe umoya phakathi kwamagatya emimiselo karhulumente ayenzayo ukuze sizuze. Ndiyazi ukuba bazama ukusikhusela ekuphazamiseleni kwemisebenzi yengqungquthela eyenzekayo ngexesha loguquko lwezoqoqosho olukhoyo, kodwa alusebenzi.
UDavid Weil, uMlawuli weNgxowa-mali kunye neSahluko seeyure kwincwadi yeSebe leZebasebenzi i- Fissured Workplace indawo, ayikho uxanduva malunga nokuba sikuphi namhlanje-kodwa luye luhlobo lwesicwangciso sendawo esiya kuyo. Incwadi yakhe ibhalwe ngokucacileyo, elula, kwaye engenakwenzeka yeengcamango ezingabonakaliyo eziphambili zokulondoloza nokubeka imodeli yomsebenzi wezemfazwe emva kwe-World War II kwi-21 leminyaka yezoqoqosho.
Iyazibuza iingxaki eziphambili kwi-shift yethu yezoqoqosho kwaye, kubhaliwe ekuqaleni kwee-1900, mhlawumbi wayeya kumgxeka uHenry Ford ngokwenza umsebenzi womthubi angabalulekanga kwaye unyanzelekile, njengokuba ubeka i-franchising kunye no-Uber ngokuguqula ukuguqulwa kwendlela esisebenza ngayo namhlanje.
Uluntu lwethu kunye nesakhiwo sethu sobungxowankulu soshishino senzelwe ukuphumeza ukudala amathuba. Akukho nkqubo yezoqoqosho iyakwazi ukubona ngokuqinisekileyo iziphumo, esizibonayo ukukhula koqoqosho olubuhlungu kwi-EU elawulwa ngokwexesha elide kwaye, ngokudlulileyo, ngokuthe ngqo ukuya empumalanga. Ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlulileyo, ngenxa yetheknoloji, unxibelelwano kunye namakhono ethu okuvelisa, abasebenzi abambalwa babesele bafumane ukondla isizwe esikhulayo kunye nehlabathi. Nangona kunjalo siye sahamba kwilizwe elikhokelayo ehlabathini kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wokuphila, kwaye ukubonelelwa kokutya kukunyuka kakhulu. UDkt. Weil uyaphuthelwa into yokuba ukutshintsha kwamhlanje, indlela abantu basebenzayo ngayo nendlela abakhetha ngayo ukwenza iivelo zabo zihluke kwii-19 neye-20 zangekhulu leminyaka. Amashishini akasayi kuphinda afune ukubandakanya uhlobo lwabasebenzi kunye nezakhiwo esazisebenzisa emva koko.
Umsebenzi waguqulwa kwi-20 Cent Century, kwaye abasebenzi bafuna ukufunda isicwangciso esithile sezakhono kwezoqoqosho olutsha. Inkqubo ingahle ibe yingozi ngamanye amaxesha, kwaye akuzange kwenzeke ngobusuku obubodwa, kodwa kusebenze ngenxa yokuba amandla emakethi avunyelwe ukutshintshwa koqoqosho ngaphandle kwempumelelo yekarhulumente ebalulekileyo. Imanyano yaba yinzuzo kwi-20 yekhulu leminyaka, kodwa yalahleka indlela yayo njengoko singene kwi-21 st . UAndy Stern, owayengumongameli odlulileyo we-SEIU, kutshanje wathi "Ndiyakholelwa ukuba le nto ayiyiyo yobawo okanye umnini-mkhulu wethu, ukuba inkulungwane ye-21 ayiyi kuba ngumqeshi. Kuya kulawulwa ngokwazo, kuba ukukhula kolunye ulwalamano lomsebenzi - ngokubanzi, ngokuzimela, iigig, nantoni na ofuna ukuyibiza-ngokucacileyo iya kwanda. Nangona uqoqosho lukhula ngokubhekiselele kwi-GDP kunye nemveliso, ayisayi kuthetha ukuba kuya kuba nokukhula komvuzo okanye ukukhula komsebenzi, ngokuchasene nekhulu lama-20. "
Uninzi lwemithetho kunye nemithetho ebekwe kwi-20 Cent Century incedisa ngokwenene utshintsho oluncedo. Ukunciphisa utshintsho oluyimfuneko kulo nyaka- 21 wezoqoqosho, njengokuba uDavid Weil enqwenela ukukwenza, kunokubonakala ngathi uyathandwa kwezinye iindawo, ngokukodwa ngokulawulwa kwamanyano kunye nabasebenzi abaphantsi-mali, kodwa njengoko imigaqo ye-FDR yokujonga ingqalelo yayithandwa ngexesha, ingagxininisa kwiingxaki zengcinezelo zeengxaki kunye nokuPhukisa koMkhulu kudlulileyo ixesha elide kunokuba kufuneka. Kwakuyimfuneko yemisebenzi yeminyaka yemfazwe, kunye nokufunwa kwempahla elandelwayo, eyasikhupha kwi-Era Yokunyanzeliswa - nangona akukho mntu unokuthetha ukuba kwakukho iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo kunye nexesha elifutshane kubasebenzi abafumana imisebenzi yesikhashana ngenxa iinkqubo ze-FDR ezenziwe.
Izenzo zikaRhulumente zinokuba luncedo xa zijoliswe kwaye zilinganiselwe. Ekuqaleni kwakhe, uRonald Reagan wathi: "Siye silingeka ukuba sikholwe ukuba uluntu luyinkimbinkimbi ukuze lulawulwe ngokuzilawula." Ukuqhubela phambili isilonda sikaDkt. Weil ngenqubekela phambili, siyakhupha amathuba okwakhiwa kwesizukulwana kunye nekamva ukugcina umzekelo wokusebenza wabasebenzi, njengoko uReagan walumkisa. Isisombululo se-Weil sinokuba neendawo ezili-100 kwiminyaka edlulileyo xa iimanyano zabasebenzi ziyingxenye ebalulekileyo yesisombululo, kodwa siphila kwixesha loqoqosho ezahlukeneyo. Iimanyano zilwela ukugcina imodeli endala yabasebenzi kwaye ayisisona sisisombululo sesisombululo; Ifilosofi kaDkt. Weil ekukhuseleni ibuyiselwa kwi-teknoloji yezobuchwepheshe, kwaye ayikho indawo kwaye ayifanelekanga.
Siphila kwi-economic fissured ngoba, ngexesha lobugcisa, abasebenzi basebenzi bafanelekile. Kukho isidingo esincinci somsebenzi njengoko kwachazwe kanye; Umsebenzi omtsha ufuna izakhono ezahlukeneyo; kwaye, kunomnqweno wokusebenza ngokwahlukileyo kunabasebenzi bexesha elidlulileyo. I-teknoloji inciphise imfuno yabasebenzi abanezakhono eziphantsi uDkt Weil ukhangele ukukhusela.
- Siza kusebenzisa i-biometrics ukukhawulela imigca ye-TSA kumaziko eenqwelo-moya, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukhuseleko kodwa ngexesha elifanayo ukuphelisa isidingo sabasebenzi baseTSA. Kukho abambalwa abasebenza ngeenqwelo zeenqwelo zeenqwelo zeenqwelo zeenqwelo zeenqwelo zeenqwelo zeenqwelo zeenqwelo moya, kwaye i-biometrics efanayo, xa isetyenzisiweyo, iya kuncitshisa le nombolo ngakumbi nangona iqhutywe kwiinkqubo zokuhamba kwisebe.
- Iinkonzo zokukhawuleza kunye neendawo zokutyela eziqhelekileyo zifumana ukulungiswa kwethebhulethi, izicelo zokuhlawula, kunye neerobhothi ezifuna ukuzisebenzisa, kwaye ngoko ke zifuna umlinganiso omncinci wendlu, ulinde, abasebenzi.
- Oku akunakuchukumisa ekusebenziseni oomatshini kunye neerobhothi ukubuyisela imisebenzi eyayiyicingayo. Abahlengikazi kunye nabasebenzi bezonyango zempilo basetyenziselwa ukunyuswa ngokunyuka kwimiqathango ye-telemedicine esebenzisekile eAfrika nakwi-Base yePiramidi ukujongana nokunqongophala kwabasebenzi bezonyango abaqeqeshwe.
- Namahotele aguquka kwaye anikezela izaphulelo kubahambi abangafuni ukuba amagumbi abo asetyenziswe imihla ngemihla. Kuye kwangexesha elide kuba ndifuna ukuba ndikhangele kwidesksi yangaphambili yehotele, ukususela ekubeni incedisi yandinceda ukuba ndenze njalo kwi-intanethi. Imisebenzi esekelwe phantsi, enezakhono ezingaphantsi kwezobuchule ngaphambili ezafumaneka kubaqeshwa abangaphantsi kootitshala nabaphantsi-mali abayehla ngokukhawuleza.
Into efana nayo yenzeke ngexesha lokutshintsha kwezomnotho lokugqibela. Esikhundleni sokuqonda iingcinezelo ezibangela ukuguquka kwaye endaweni yokujonga iindlela iindlela urhulumente angadlala ngayo indima ebalulekileyo ekusikhoneni kwixesha elizayo, uDkt. Weil uyakhala nje ngokutshintshwa kwezinto ezifunekayo ekusebenziseni abasebenzi. yentlupheko yentlupheko xa siqhubeka nomendo kaDkt Weil.
Ndiyaqonda ukuba uDkt. Weil usenokungabi yigama elilawulwa kakhulu kwi-franchising, kuba iinjongo ezininzi zijoliswe kwimisebenzi ye-NLRB kunye noMcebisi wayo Jikelele uRichard Griffin . Oku kuyintlungu, njengoko ifilosofi kaDkt. Weil empeleni iqhuba ininzi yeengxoxo. Indima yeGriffin ekuqhubekeni kwemibutho iyimfuneko, enikwe i-charter kwaye yenziwe ibhodi ye-NLRB, kwaye iyaqondakala inikwe imvelaphi yokusebenza kunye nemanyano. Nangona ngokuqinisekileyo ndingavumelani nemibono yebhodi ye-NLRB ekutshintsheni inkcazo yomsebenzi ohlanganyelweyo ukusuka ekulawuleni ngokuthe ngqo ukuya kulawulo olungenangqiqo kunye nokukwazi ukulawula, andiyikhathazi kakhulu ngezenzo ze-NLRB kunokooDkt Weil kunye neSebe Sebenzi.
Ingxabano ingenziwa, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ndiyenzile, ukuba ukugxilwa kwezinto ezifunekayo ekusebenzeni ngokubambisana kunokwenene kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ekuthengiseni i-franchising. Kuye kwabangela ukubukeka ngokutsha kwimiba ye-franchisor setting kunye nokunyanzelisa imilinganiselo. Kwinkqubo iphosa i-pendulum ngokukhawuleza ekulawuleni nasekulawuleni imihla ngemihla kwiinkampani ezinokuthi ziye zahamba ngokungaxhasi, kwaye oko bekubangele ukukhathazeka ngokunyaniseka. Ukuba kuphela sineyona nkcazelo engcono kunye necacileyo ye-NLRB yomsebenzi odibeneyo njengoko i-NLRB inqwenela ukuqhubela phambili, andithandabuzeki ukuba i-franchising iza kukwazi ukujamelana nokuguquka.
Sahamba ngxubusho efana neye-franchising kwi-60s nakuma-70 xa ukuveliswa kwe-franchise kwasekuqaleni. Ukwahlukana kukuba sinokucaca umthetho ngokubhekiselele kwimimiselo ukususela ekuqaleni, kwaye ngokugqithiseleyo ixesha le mithetho iye yacaciswa ngakumbi. Sizuze ngeendlela ezininzi kwi-regimen yokubhengezwa, kwaye kugxininiswe kwingqesho edibeneyo inokunceda. Ingxaki esibhekene nayo, nangona kunjalo, ukuba iNgcaciso yomqeshi ehlanganyeneyo yinto ehambileyo; nokuba ummeli ophezulu we-NLRB akakwazi ukuchaza ngokucacileyo ukuba ibhodi ye-NLRB ithetha ntoni. Ukuntuleka kokucacileyo okucacileyo akudingekile, kungafanelekanga, kwaye kunokuphephelwa ukuba umbandela wokuqala ungene kwi-filter filter. Ibhodi ye-NLRB ayifanele ifake ubukhulu benguqu ebenziwa ngokulawula.
UBrowning-Ferris uya kuqhubeka nokulawula iingxoxo malunga nokuthengiswa kwemali. Nangona le nkundla ayinanto yokwenza ngokuchanekileyo ne-franchising, iye yachaphazela indlela abaqhubi be-franchise kunye ne-franchisees. Ndixhasa imizamo ye-IFA yokuguqula inkcazelo entsha ye-NLRB, kwaye iinzame zayo zokuba ziphathe umthetho ochaza ngokucacileyo ubudlelwane bokontrakta abazimeleyo.
Kwinqaku elinokoqobo, impembelelo yangempela ukuba isigqibo seBrowning Ferris siya kuba ne-franchising asikwazi ngokukhawuleza. Yona i-franchisor engabonakaliyo eyayiza kuqwalasela isithintelo somnqophiso uBrowning Ferris onqunywe kwi-kontraki yayo ozimeleyo. Sekunjalo, njengomgangatho oqhelekileyo, inkcazo yomsebenzi-nxaxheba ye-NLRB iya kusetyenziswa kakubi kwaye isetyenziswe ukuqhubela phambili izinto ezingabonakaliyo; sibona namhlanje kwizenzo zamanyano, nakwiidolophu kunye namazwe azama ukwenza umgaqo-nkqubo wemivuzo elincinci.
Ziziphi iimbumbano ezihambelana nokunyusa amaninzi kwezi tshintsho? Izinyunyana namhlanje ziyingxenye ebalulekileyo yenkinga kwaye ayinxalenye yesisombululo, njengoko uAndy Stern ecetyisa kwingxoxo yakhe yaseAtlantic. Iimanyano zibonelela ngemithombo yoluntu kunye nezemali eziyimfuneko ukuqhuba i-Fight for $ 15 ingxoxo kwaye yenza njalo ngenzame yokuphila, kuba iinyunyana zamashishini abucala zihluleka ngenxa yokubakho ukutshintshela koqoqosho lwezobuchwepheshe.
Ngaphandle kwamanyano omanyano karhulumente, intlangano yamanyano yayiya kufakwa eUnited States ngoku, njengoko i-akhawunti yecandelo lonyango lonyango lifikelela kwi-6% yabasebenzi becandelo labucala namhlanje. Ukungabikho kweenkonzo ezincedisayo kumalungu ayo, nokunganeliseki kwabo ngumbutho wenyunyana, kubangela ukuncipha kwawo. Ulawulo lweManyano lukholelwa ukuba ukusinda kwabo kuxhomekeke kwiibhulo zokutya ezibonelelwa ngenkxaso yolawulo eyenziwe ngokubakho ngeminikelo yabo yezopolitiko. Nangona kunjalo, nangenkxaso enobudlova ekunikezeni imibutho yamandla amakhulu ekufumaneni amalungu amatsha, loo migudu inegalelo elincinci njengoko ubulungu babo buqhubeka nokuhla. Kungekudala, i-SEIU kunye ne-American Federation of State, i-County and Municipal Employees yamemezela amanyathelo ekudibeneyo ekunciphiseni ukwehla.
Njengokhweba kwinqanawa yesikebhe, iiyuniyoni zigcina ubungakanani obukhulu bamandla ukuba zikhuphe kwaye zingekho nengozi nje ngokuba ziphefumle. Kuninzi, ukuba kungengabo bonke, imizamo yamanyano namhlanje iqhutyelwa yinyameko yokusinda: umsebenzi wokubambisana; umrholo omncinci; ukulwa nokunyanzela ukuhamba komsebenzi; kunye nokulwa ukukhusela abasebenzi ukuba babe nokukhetha ukuba okanye bangajoyina umanyano. Ngeke isebenze njengamanyano okwangoku aqwalaselwe, kuba apho abasebenzi banikwe ukhetho, inani elikhethekileyo likhetha ukunciphisa ubudlelwane babo kumanyano amashishini karhulumente kunye nabucala abaye banyanzeliswa ukuba bajoyine.
Imisebenzi kaDkt Weil, i-NLRB, imanyano, kunye ne-Fight for $ 15 isisondeza kwisiqalo esiza kubangela intlupheko. Kuyinyaniso yokuba kukho isidingo esinciphisa abasebenzi abangenazo izixhobo ezingenayo namhlanje. Ukukhawuleza ukubeka iindleko eziphezulu zezabasebenzi kwiinkampani eziqeshe ubuninzi balaba basebenzi abangenangqiqo. Ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuba nesiphumo esingalindelekanga sokukhawuleza ukutshintshela kwi-teknoloji eyenziwe yi-automated ngabaqeshi, njengoko bajika kwi-tekhnoloji ukwenza imisebenzi okwenziweyo okwenziwa ngabasebenzi abangasebenzi.
Umvuzo omncinci wawungumsebe-bhanki owenzelwe ixesha elithile kunye nenjongo eyahlukileyo. Ukuqhubela phambili ingcamango yokuba kufanele ukuba "umvuzo ophilayo" uyonakalisa kwaye uyadelela, kunye nezihlwele iingxoxo ezixhamlayo kufuneka siqhube njengoko sifuna izisombululo-ezinye, apho ukubandakanyeka kukaRhulumente kunokuba luncedo. Abalimi bemisebenzi yabangasese banembopheleleko kubatyalomali babo ukuba banciphise umngcipheko kwi-capital yabo kwaye bafumane imali yokubuyisela imali. Ukunyusa ukwanda kwezinto ezibonakalayo kumvuzo omncinci kuya kudla imali kuphela kwaye kuphuculwe ukukhula koqoqosho.
Isimo sam saseKortown sisimzekelo omhle. Kufana noluntu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka njengoko kunokubakho; ICalifornia ibomvu ngokuthelekiswa. Siphezu kwerhafu, silawulwa ngokwemigaqo, kwaye siye safunyanwa ngokusemthethweni kwimida. I-GE kunye noshishino lomshuwalense liya kuthutha; kuphela abavelisi abashiywe yiinkampani zokhuselo. Sisekupheleni kweli hlanga kwicandelo labucala bamacandelo kunye nokutyalomali koqoqosho. I-Connecticut izama ukulungisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kulo nyaka odlulileyo ngokugxotha abaqeshi i-$ 1.00 ngeyure yomsebenzi ukuba abazange bahlawule umvuzo omncinci we-premium we-$ 15.00, nangona ukuba umvuzo omncinci wamanje u-$ 9.60. Umthetho uphakanyiswa ukuba ugunyaze isonto elincinane lomsebenzi kwamanye amashishini. Bobabini behlulekile ukudlula. Irhafu yerhafu yabadali bemisebenzi yayiza kuthotywa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwezentlalo ngenxa yentswela-sebenzi kunye nokungasebenzi. Urhulumente ngokwawo uxolelwe ukuhlawula umvuzo ophezulu, phantsi kwengcamango yokuba iya kubaqesha abanye abasebenzi becandelo labucala abalahlekelwa yimisebenzi ukuze banikezele ngakumbi iinkonzo zentlalo kubantu abalahlekelwa yimisebenzi ngenxa yerhafu entsha. Kwaye naseCalifornia ukuba ingcamango yayiza kwenza uNancy Pelosi ahluthe. IConnecticut ibe ngumbuso ochasene nezoshishino olwabizayo kuluntu.
Ndikhonza kwiBhodi ephantsi kweeNgxelo kwi-State of Connecticut. Ipalamente ibambelele ebhodini ukuqinisekisa ukuba isincomo sokwandisa umvuzo omncinci kwilizwe ingaqinisekiswa. Amalungu onke aqeqeshwa kakuhle, kunye neninzi yebhodi eyenziwe ngamalungu omanyano, abasebenzi baseburhulumenteni, amagqwetha kunye nabanye abanemvelaphi yabo yemisebenzi kunye neenkolelo ngokwemvelo baya kuxhasa ukunyuswa kwamaholo. Kuze kube kutshanje xa sineziphathamandla ezimbini zezo shishino, ndandingummeli wedwa webhizinisi. Ndilindele ukuba ngoDisemba ininzi ibhodi iya kunika ukwanda kwimivuzo emncinci - isiphumo esilandelayo ngaphambili.
Kwi-Connecticut umvuzo omncinci wenyuswa waba ngu-9.60 ngeyure ngo-2015; Isiphumo sancinci ukukhula kwezoqoqosho, ukulahleka kwemisebenzi kunye nokwanda kweentsilelo. Esikhundleni sokunciphisa inani labantu abafuna iinkonzo zentlalo, ngokuqinisekileyo urhulumente kufuneka uhlalutye ngakumbi, kuba iqela labantu abafuna uncedo lukarhulumente lwandisiwe. Kubuhlungu ukuba uhlale kwaye uphulaphule abantu abasebenza nzima abanjwe kwiindawo eziphantsi zokuhlawula imali kwaye bangavalelwa inceba. Kodwa ukwandisa umvuzo omncinci awuyi kubabonelela ngoncedo oluzinzileyo, kuya kubaphazamisa amathuba, kwaye vumela kuphela urhulumente ukuba aphephe umsebenzi onzima wokufuna izisombululo. Ithemba lam kukuba iBhodi yeeNkcazo eziphantsi, emva kokugqitywa kweengcamango zayo zokunyusa ukunyusa umvuzo omncinci, iya kuhamba kwaye ikhangele iisombululo zesikhathi eside kunye nezichanekileyo. Okumangalisayo kukuba, yile shishini eliye lazuza ngokunyuka kwimivuzo encinci kunye nayo yonke inxaxheba yentetho yezoshishino kunye namanyathelo amashishini karhulumente athatha iinkampani ze-headquarter ezifana ne-GE kunye nabemi abahlala benza kakuhle kwamanye amazwe. Ukudalwa kwamathuba omsebenzi eConnecticut kusekufutshane kweli hlanga namhlanje.
Ukuhlawula nayiphi na umsebenzi kufuneka ihambelane nomyinge wokubuyisela umqeshi unokufumana loo mizamo yomsebenzi. Ukuba sikhulisa umvuzo omncinci, imisebenzi embalwa izakwenziwa kubasebenzi abancinci abangenalwazi, njengokuba ishishini liza kugxininisa ekuqeshweni kwabasebenzi abadala nabangamava abangaphangeliyo. Ngeke kubekho umgangatho ophantsi kwisebe kubasebenzi abancinci ukuqala ukunyuka kwabo emsebenzini. Kufuneka sifake imali ekuncedeni abantu ukuba bathuthuke, kwaye ke baqhubeke bebanceda bafeze imisebenzi ephumelelayo. Ukwenza njalo kunzima kunokuba kuthengise abasebenzi abahlawula umvuzo ongekho phantsi kwimbali yokuba ukugqithisa abadali bemisebenzi kuya kubazuzisa okanye iintsapho zabo. Esikhundleni sokudala isizukulwana esingasebenzi, kufuneka siqalise ukujongana neengxaki ezisemgangathweni ngoku - kuba, xa singenako, into esilungileyo esinokuyithemba ngayo imvuzo ephezulu kwezinye kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokungasebenzi, unomsebenzi ongaphantsi, kunye nentlupheko bonke abanye.
Ndiyifumana ingqalelo ukuba ukuthengiswa kwemali kujoliswe kuhlaselo oluphantsi lokuhlawula umvuzo. Ndiyazi ukuba kutheni kwenzeka; Imanyano ibonelela ukulungelelanisa abasebenzi kubamashishini abachithwe ngokuzimeleyo njengokuba banethemba labo lokugqibela lokusinda. Into ebuhlungu ngokwenene kukuba u-franchising ngumqeqeshi omkhulu kunabo bonke abaqeshwa abaphantsi kunye nabasebenzi abaphantsi kwizakhono abayidingayo ukuqhubela phambili kwimisebenzi yabo kwaye kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba bafumane umvuzo wokuphila. Ngelishwa, kunokuba kubhiyozelwe njengenye yezinto ezisisigxina zokugcina uqoqosho ezisasebenzisa abasebenzi abancinci-mali, i-franchising ihlaselwa ngokuchanekileyo kuba yenza njalo.
Abaninzi kubasebenzi abancinci-mali abaza kwiintlanganiso zaseConnecticut ngabancinci abasebenza kwiivenkile, amahotele, kunye nababoneleli bezempilo. Le mi sebenzi iqala ukunyamalala ngokukhawuleza. Kungenza ndibe nomsindo ukuphulaphula abaxhasi beMfazwe nge-$ 15 xa bezama ukuqhubela phambili inkolelo yokuba umvuzo omncinci unokuba ngumvuzo "ophilayo." Ngubani na onokuthi ufuna okanye ufuna ukujonga i-$ 15 ngomsebenzi weyure nje ingeniso ekukhuliseni intsapho? Yenze nini ukukhangeka ukuxelela abasebenzi abasebenzisana nomvuzo ongezantsi ukuba bafanele ukwaneliswa nomsebenzi omncinci, okanye ukuba bafanele baqwalasele umsebenzi omncinci womvuzo umsebenzi owenzelwe ukuxhasa intsapho? Ingxoxo leyo ayiyikuthi ikhuthazwe ngokobuhlanga, kodwa iziphumo zesikhokelo esithathayo ziya kuba nefuthe ngokungahambiyo kwaye zichaphazeleke ngokungaphantsi kwabancinci kunabani na. Siye kwinqanaba lokudala i-underground class.
Masiqaphele ukuba abanye abasebenzi base-low-wages bangaba yingxenye yengxaki ebangela ukungabikho kwemali yokuthengisa kwimisebenzi ephezulu yokuhlawula ngenxa yokungabi nako kwemfundo, uqeqesho, izakhono, imbali yabo yomsebenzi kunye nezinye izinto. Kodwa ukuphakamisa umvuzo omncinci kwizinga elingenalo uqoqosho olwenzela ukuba ishishini alinanto yokulungisa ezo ngxaki ezisisiseko. Singazicingela iingxoxo malunga neengingqi ezahlukileyo kumvuzo omncinci, ukuqeqeshwa, okanye umvuzo womfundi, kodwa masiqale sivume ukuba ezi ziindlela zokwenza isisombululo esibi nje kuphela sithandeke kwezopolitiko. I-bullet eyodwa yamandla ayinakwenzeka; Isisombululo se-FDR ukususela kwiminyaka engama-80 edlulileyo asizange sisebenze ngoko, kwaye abayi kusebenza ngoku.
Amalungu angama-25 angama-Fortune 500, ashiya iWalmart ngaphandle kwelo qela, anenzuzo "ngomsebenzi ngamnye" we $ 124,588.00. Ezi ziinkampani ngokuyinhloko kwiibhanki, iinkcukacha zethungelwano, ioli kunye negesi, kunye nezobugcisa kunye nokungafuneki ngokubanzi abasebenzi abanezakhono ezincinane. Ngoku khawuqwalasele oko, kuba aba-franchisors aba-14 ababandakanya kwi-Fortune 500, inzuzo yabo ephakathi ngamnye ngu-5,625.00. Ezi ziinkampani kwivenkile yokutya kunye nezo hotele, kwaye yiyo le intlobo yamashishini anemisebenzi yamanqanaba aphantsi asebenzayo e-United States, kwaye unako ukunyusa ukunyuka kweendleko zabasebenzi. Sifanele siyeke ukuphazamiseka, kwingxoxo yabasebenzi abaphantsi-mali, ukuba onke amashishini afanayo. Kunoko sifanele sigxininise iinzame zethu ekufumaneni iindlela zokwenza ukuba abasebenzi basebenzi abaphantsi bafumane izakhono eziyimfuneko ukuba basebenzele iinkampani ezinokukwazi ukuhlawula umvuzo ophezulu. Kwiminyaka embalwa, ivenkile yokuthengisa, ivenkile kunye neehotele ayinakudinga amaninzi njengoko benzayo ngoku, ngoko ixesha alikho kwicala lethu ukufumana isisombululo.
Akukho mpikiswano yokuba ukungabikho kwengeniso yonyaka eqhubekayo kwaye kuza kuqhubeka nokuba nefuthe elibi kwisabelo esibalulekileyo seentsapho kwilizwe lethu. Le ngxaki ebalulekileyo kuthi sonke. Nangona kunjalo, kusebenza injongo encinci yokufikelela kwiisombululo zangexesha elifutshane eziza kuthintela kakubi iinjongo zexesha elide. Umngcipheko uphakeme kakhulu kwaye isisombululo esifanele sifikelele kuso kufuneka sizinzileyo xa sidibana neemfuno ezikhawulezileyo zabasebenzi abahlawulileyo abaphantsi kwiinkxaso zikarhulumente ezizimeleyo. Makhe sicinge ngeendlela ezimbalwa ezinokwenzeka:
- Iinkonzo zentlalo ziya kuba zibalulekile kubaqeshwa abaphantsi-mali. Urhulumente kufuneka asebenzisane kunye noshishino oluzimeleyo, olwazi olufanelekileyo ekusebenzeni ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ujonge iindlela zokuphucula indleko zokunikezelwa kweenkonzo zentlalo. Ngokusekelwe kububungqina obuvakalayo, kufuneka simele sikwazi ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zentlalo ngesithunzi ummkeli onelungelo lokufumana.
- Kufuneka simise ukuhlawulwa kwabasebenzi abaphantsi-mali abafumana iinkonzo zentlalo kwaye kunoko bazuze xa beqala ukuzuza ngaphezulu, kunokubahlalisa ngokulahlekelwa kweenkonzo zentlalo abaya kudingeka ixesha elithile. Ukuthabatha inzuzo kukuphazamiseka kwabasebenzi abaphantsi-mali abaphakamisa umgangatho.
- Simele sibe yi-pro-shishini kwakhona kwaye siqale ukususa nayiphi na isithintelo esibambe ukudala amathuba emisebenzi kwaye esilungisa abadali bemisebenzi.
- Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka sikwenqabe ifilosofi yezoqoqosho eqhutywe nguDkt Weil, i-DOL kunye ne-NLRB. Kwizobuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe kunye neenkcubeko ezitshintshayo ezizaliswa ngumzukulwana wezigidi zeminyaka, ubudlelwane bezivumelwano ezizimeleyo kwi-economic gig ziya kuba yinto evamile. Akukho nto iphosakeleyo ngokuqhubela phambili ukuba kwenzeke.
- Sifanele siqale ukwenza izinto ukuze sincede umqeshwa ongezantsi. Kufuneka sifake imali ekuqeqesheni ukuba bancede bafumane umsebenzi wokungena kumgangatho, ngoko ke banikeze ngoncedo oluqhubekayo ukubanceda baqhube emisebenzini yemisebenzi kwizinga eliphezulu lokuhlawula. Icandelo labucala kwi-franchising lidlala indima yalo. Ngoku lixesha lecandelo likarhulumente kunye neemanyano ukwenza inxaxheba yazo enhle.
- Kufuneka siqinisekise izinga lemfundo kwaye siqale ukulinganisa ukusebenza kwezikolweni kunye nootitshala, njengokuba icandelo labucala lenza ukulinganisa ukusebenza kwabasebenzi balo. Abasebenzi abanamathuba amaninzi abaphantsi kootitshala abanakho izakhono ezisisiseko ezifunekayo kwimisebenzi yangoku, kwaye ukubonelela ezo zinto ziseko zilawulwa yiinkampani ezidala imisebenzi. Yintoni efunekayo, nangona kunjalo, kunika abafundi uqeqesho kunye neemfanelo abayidingayo kwihlabathi lobugcisa -engabanikezeli kubasebenzi abangenalwazi, njengoko iinkqubo zethu zemfundo zangoku zibonakala ziyenza.
- Sifanele ukwandisa amathuba oogqirha abaqeqeshiweyo ngokuphucula uqeqesho lwabo kwaye baqalise ukunikela iingcebiso ngokukhawuleza emsebenzini kwiindawo ezichaphazelekileyo. Le nto yakuba yimbambano yembali edlalwa yimibutho yabasebenzi kude kube yilapho iqalisa ukugxininisa izibonelelo zabo kwiminikelo yezopolitiko ekukhuliseni iinombolo zabo zobulungu.
- Iimanyano ziyinxalenye enkulu yengxaki kwaye kufuneka ukuba yatshintshwe. IiNyunyana ziinkalo zababoneleli abakhuselweyo abangenakulinganiswa kwenye indawo kwezoqoqosho. Kubathengi bamashishini abucala banokukhetha apho ba nqwenela ukuthenga khona, kwaye banokukhetha ukuba bazimisele ukuba babe nemveliso okanye iinkonzo nonke. Amalungu eManyano akanalo ukhetho, kwaye ayanyanzelekile ukuba ajoyine aze ahlawule xa efuna ukusebenza kumashishini amaninzi okanye arhente karhulumente.
Amalungu amaninzi amaninzi akhona awanikezwa ithuba lokuqinisekisa umanyano abaye baphoqelelwa ukuba bajoyine, njengoko ukuqinisekiswa kwenzeke kwiminyaka engama-50 ukuya kuma-60 edlulileyo ngabasebenzi abade bahlala umhlala-phantsi okanye badlulile. Amalungu eNyunyana kufuneka anikwe ukhetho ukuvuselela imanyano yabo minyaka yonke, kwaye ngokwenza njalo uya kubuyisela umlinganiselo kwi-shishini labasebenzi kunye nemibutho yamanyano ukulungelelanisa iimfuno zamalungu abo kwaye ibe yingxenye yesisombululo. - Kufuneka sihlolisise ukuba amaqumrhu omacandelo karhulumente anenzuzo, afanelekileyo kwaye kufuneka aqhubeke. Ukukhangela mhlawumbi ukuguqula oko iMeya yaseNew York eWagner iqalile iminyaka emashumi edlulileyo into efuna ukucatshangelwa. Uninzi lweezimali zethu zentlupheko, zombuso, kunye nolwabiwo-mali lukhupha amandla ethu okuxhasa ukuphucula uqoqosho, kwaye kubangelwa iindleko ezongeziweyo kunye nemithetho yomsebenzi eyenziwe ngamanyano karhulumente karhulumente. Ukulungelelanisa urhulumente ukusebenzisa ubutyebi be-gig, njengoko icandelo labucala lenzayo, yindlela efanelekileyo yokuqwalasela.
Simele siyeke ukuhlaselwa kwicandelo labucala kwiingxaki zethu zoqoqosho kwaye sifune izicombululo ezizinzileyo eziya kunceda ukuguqulwa kwabaqeshwa abaphantsi kwexesha lobugcisa. Laba basebenzi bangumqolo wabantu abaninzi kwaye bafanelwe uncedo lwethu. Konke ukwanda kwimivuzo emncinci kuya kwenza ukuba kuqhutywe iingxaki zabo kwaye kuqinisekiswe intlupheko. Siyakwenza ngcono, kwaye simele senze ngoku ngokusingatha ingxaki ngokuphambili.