Ezi ngongoma zisetyenziswe ngabathwali ukuba zichonge izinga eliza kuhlawula ngalo. Enye impembelelo enkulu kwixabiso lempahla yokuthumela yiklasi yento ekuthumela kuyo. Ezi zintlukwano zingenza izigqibo kumphathi wezothutho kunzima kakhulu xa ufumanisa umgangatho ophezulu kwiimfuno zokuthunyelwa kweenkampani.
Iklasi yeeMveliso
Into nganye ethuthwa ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye yintengiso. Kukho amawaka eemveliso, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba umphathisi-mali abe nexabiso lentengo nganye ayithumelayo. Inkqubo yohlengahlengiso yaziswa ukuba yenza lula ixabiso lentlawulo ngokubhekiselele ekuqoqeni izinto kunye nezinto ezifanayo, njengoko zihambelana nokuhamba kwazo. Kukho izigaba ezine eziphambili; iimpawu zokunqongophala kwempahla, ukulayisha kunye nokuphatha, ukubaluleka kwempahla, kunye nokukhuselwa komonakalo. Ukusebenzisa izigaba ezine, iimpahla zinikezelwa kwenye yeeklasi ezilishumi elinesibhozo ezinokubaluleka.
Iiklasi zichongwa ukusuka kwiklasi elingaphantsi kwe-50 ukuya kwiklasi ephezulu ye-500. Umgaqo wesigxina kukuba ukuphakama kweklasi, kubiza kakhulu ukuthumela. Iiklasi zipapashwa rhoqo ngonyaka njenge-National Motor Freight Classification (NMFC) yi-American Trucking Association (ATA) kunye ne-National Motor Freight Traffic Association (NMFTA).
Iiklasi eziphantsi zeempahla , oko kukuthi, iklasi ye-50, ngokuqhelekileyo, ixabiso elincinci ukuthunyelwa kuneeklasi eziphezulu njengoko kubonakala kulula ukuzinyatha, ezincinci, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukulimaza. Umzekelo wemveliso yeklasi ye-50, edlalwa ngamanye amaxesha ngokuthi "intambo ehlambulukileyo", yayiza kuba yintsimbi, insimbi, i-bolts, i-screws njl, ezinokuthi ziqulethwe kwi- pallet yesiqhelo esisezantsi, esithwathwayo singenanto yokuthutha. , kwaye ulinganisa kummandla wee-1500 iipounds okanye ngaphezulu kwepallet.
Xa umthumeli ufuna ukuhambisa impahla esuka kwinqanaba A ukuya ku-B, kuya kufuneka bafumanise iimpahla kumthumeli, usebenzisa inkcazo ecacileyo. Umthumeli akayi kuxelela umphathi ukuba yintoni iklasi. Kungenxa yokuba iklasi ayixhomekekanga kuphela kwimveliso kodwa ezinye izinto ezifana nokuba yi-truck load full (TL), ngaphantsi kweloli (LTL) nokuba ingaba ubuncinane bunzima bunokuthunyelwa.
Ukuphulwa kwesisindo
Enye into echaphazela iklasi yinto yokuphuka kwesisindo. Njengoko ubungakanani okanye ivolumu yanda, iirhafu ezahlukeneyo ziyasetyenziswa. Kwiimeko ezininzi, inkokhelo encinci iyasebenza kwaye iirhafu zinikezelwa kuma-1,000, ama-2,000, ama-5,000, nee-10,000. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba intengo yokuhambisa enye imveliso isekelwe kwi-2,000-pound shipment and break break break is 5,000 pounds, ngexa elithile, kuya kuba kubiza ukulinganisa ukuthunyelwa njengokungathi bekuyi-5,000 pounds, ngaphezu kwe-2,000 .
Ingongoma apho ukuthunyelwa kuncinci ukuthutha kwinqanaba lezinga elilandelayo libizwa ngokuba yi-breakpoint. Xa le ngongoma ivela, ikhefu elilandelayo lokusebenzisa ubukhulu kwaye lisetyenziswe ubunzima obuncinane besithuba eso.
Amaxabiso angaphandle
Abanye abathwali baya kunika izilinganiso ngaphandle kokuba iimpawu zento zihluke kwiimpawu zento efanayo kummandla ohlukileyo. Oku kuvumela abathwali ukuba banikeze izaphulelo kubathumeli abasebenza ngokubanzi kwempahla, okanye ukuba kukho ukhuphiswano olwandisiweyo.
Zonke iiRhafu zeMveliso
Abathwali banokuzisa zonke iintengo zokuthengiswa phakathi kwamaphuzu amabini athile ubunzima obuncinane. Umphathiswa uya kunika isantya sobume bonke kule ndlela ethile ngaphandle kweklasi yezinto eziphathweyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umthengisi unikezele ngexabiso lokuthengwa kwezinto zonke phakathi kweNew York neBaltimore ngenani elincinci elingu-5000-isisindo somthwalo, iklasi yexabiso le nto ayinakuthatha umphathiswa.
Ixabiso leRhafu
Ukuthunyelwa kwexabiso eliphezulu, kwaye ngoko ke izinto eziphezulu zeempahla, abathwali banokunikela ngexabiso lentengo. Ngenxa yokuba abathwali baxanduva lokubaluleka kwempahla abayithwalayo, amaxabiso aphezulu, kodwa ukuba umntu ophetheyo unomthwalo ongekho ngaphantsi kwexabiso elithwalayo, ngoko umphathiswa anganika umthengisi inani lexabiso, eliza kuba ipesenteji ephantsi yezinga eliqhelekileyo lemveliso.
IiRhafu eziThatywayo
Le yinye inqanaba elinceda abathumeli banciphise indleko zokuthutha izinto. Inani elichasiweyo lixabiso elincinci kunezinga eliqhelekileyo kwiklasi yezinto eziphathekayo njengoko umthumeli avumela umphathisi-mvume ukuba akhuphe ukuhanjiswa kwempahla kumthengi. Izaphulelo ziyakwandisa ixesha elide ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo.
Iingcebiso zentengo
Abathwali bangakhuthaza abathengi ngokunikela ngokubakhuthaza okanye ngokwezinga eliphezulu. Izithintelo zenkxaso yomqhubi ziqhelekileyo apho umntu ophetheyo ekhuthaza umthumeli ukuba athuthe izinto ezininzi ngokusekelwe kwisisindo. Umphathiswa uya kunika umyinge ukuya kumlinganiselo omncinci wesisindo kunye nesilinganiso esiphuculwayo nayiphi na into ekungekho ngaphezu kobunzima obuncinci.