Injongo
Iinkonzo zokuthunyelwa kweekhonkco zibalulekile ekuthengiseni ihlabathi. Ingaba uthenga izicathulo ze-tennis ezisuka eChina okanye kwizinto zesikhumba ezivela e-Australia, unendlela yokonga yokuthumela loo mveliso iyimfuneko.
Yilapho iinkonzo zokuthunyelwa kweenkonkxa ziza kudlala.
Ubuninzi beContainer
Ukuthunyelwa kweempahla zisebenzisa izitya eziqhelekileyo ezingama-20 (6.09 amitha), iinyawo ezingama-40 (12.18 iimitha), i-45 inyawo (14.6 metres) kunye no-53 inyawo (16.15 metres). IYunithi yamashumi amabini anama-Equivalent Unit (TEU) ngumlinganiselo osemgangathweni. Iimpahla zakhiwe kwimigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe ezenza zitshintshane phakathi kweenkampani zokuhamba, izithuthi kunye neenkampani zorori.
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebhotile ziquka ukuphela okuvulekileyo, icala elivulekile, phezulu, ukuphakama kwesiqingatha, i-flat rack, i-friji, ukwakhiwa kwamanzi (itanki), imodyuli kunye nempahla ephantsi.
IiComputer
Ngokusebenzisa izitya zokuthumela izinto eziqhelekileyo, iinqanawa, izitimela kunye neendlela zokuhamba zikwazi ukulayishwa kwaye zilayishwe ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kwenza iimpahla zifumaneke ngakumbi kunokuba ukuba izitya zilayishwe kwaye zilayishwa kwindawo nganye kwiimoto.
Ezizodwa
Xa ukhetha inkonzo yokuthunyelwa kwekhonkco, gcina ingqalelo into othumela ngayo.
Kukho ukhetho olungaphezulu kunexabiso eliphantsi. Ngaba uthumela izithelo, i-tshokoleta okanye ivenkile? Ukuba kunjalo, ufuna ukukhetha inkonzo esebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethiweyo ze-reefer apho ulawulo lokushisa lunokwenzeka khona. Ukuba uthumela umatshini okanye izixhobo ezingaqhelekanga, ufuna i-service esebenzisa i-top top okanye i-flat pack containers.
Ezi zikwazi ukuphatha kalula umkhiqizo ongeke ulungele kwisitya esivaliweyo.
Eminye imizekelo yeentlobo zeetyhuna zokusebenzisa: ukuvula phezulu kukulungele ukugcina izinto, ukusetyenziswa kwemishini kunye nezinto ezingaqhelekanga. Iiplanga eziphambili zilungele izikebhe, izithuthi, uomatshini, izixhobo zokusebenza. Icala elivulekileyo lilungele imifuno enjenge-anyanisi kunye namazambane. Iitanki zisetyenziselwa iikhemikhali, iwayini, ioli yemifuno.
UkuThuthwa kweziThuthi zoThutho
- Iinqwelo zeMpahla: Ukuthunyelwa kweLiner kuthathwa yiinqanawa ezihamba ngezilwandle ezihamba ngeendlela zokubeka iishedyuli ezicwangcisiweyo. Ngokwe-World Shipping Council, kukho "iinkonzo ezine-liner."
- Umoya Womoya: Ii-airplane zikhawuleza kodwa zithwala ubuncinane. Ngoko, ke, zibiza kakhulu kwaye zingabonakali ngokusingqongileyo.
- Ukuthuthwa koThutho: I-Railway yindlela efanelekileyo yokuthutha imithwalo esuka kwinqanawa ukuya kwelinye ilizwe. Iinqwelo zihanjiswe ngunqanawa ukusuka kwinqanawa ukuya emotweni yomzila.
- UkuThuthwa kweLithuthi: Isibambiso sinokulayishwa ngokuthe ngqo kwinqanawa yokuthutha okanye imoto yomzila kwiitrato-trailer ngaphandle kokuthintela loo mveliso.
Iifayili Zithunyelwa njani
Iimpahla ezithuthwa ngumkhumbi zinokulayishwa kwaye zitywinwe ngqo kumenzi kwaye zihlale ngaloo ndlela de zifike kwindawo yokugcina impahla yomthengi.
Umvelisi usebenza nabathumeli bempahla ukulungiselela ukuthutha kubakhiqizi. Ikampani yelokithi iyafika kumenzi kwaye ilayishe imveliso kwisitya esilinganiselweyo. I-Customs iyona nto inokuvula isitsha esitywinwe ngenjongo yokuhlola de kube i-container ifinyelele ukuphela kwayo. Umthumeli wempahla uthatha isigqibo esona galelo esiphezulu esinokuthi sihambe kuyo.
Indlela yokwenza isigqibo
Ixabiso lisoloko liba yinto ebalulekileyo ekukhetheni inkonzo yokuthunyelwa kweenkonkce. Ukongeza kwindleko, kubalulekile ukukhetha inkonzo enegama lokuthumela ngokuphumelelayo uhlobo lomkhiqizo othumela ngawo.