Okokuqala, siza kujonga umgaqo wokuhlambalaza kwaye ngoko umntu angasebenzisa ilungelo elifanelekileyo njengokhuselo malunga necala lokuhlambalaza, kwaye ekugqibeleni indlela ilungelo elifanelekileyo elichaphazela ngayo abaqeshi.
Liliphi ilungelo?
Ilungelo lilungelo elikhethekileyo lomthetho okanye ukhuseleko olunikezelwa umntu okanye abantu.
Ilungelo elifanelekileyo likhuselekile ekugwebeni, ngokuqhelekileyo ityala lokuchaswa, ngenxa yezenzo ezenziwe ngokusebenza komthetho okanye ngokuziphatha kwaye zisebenzise kakuhle kwaye zikhululekile ebubini. Ukuba unobungozi buyakuboniswa, ilungelo elifanelekileyo alukhuseli ukuchaswa.
Iyintoni i-Defamation?
Ukuhlanjululwa ngumsebenzi wokonakalisa idumela lomnye ngokwenza ingxelo engamanga komnye umntu. Isenzo sokuchaswa sisinokuba sisicatshulwa esibhaliweyo okanye isitatimende somlomo osisinyanzelo, ngokubhekiselele kwintlawulo yokunyelisa nokunyelisa . I-Libel yimizuzu esemthethweni yesitatimende esichasayo esibhaliweyo; Ukunyundela yimizuzu esemthethweni yomlomo womlomo.
Ukuze i-statement ityhathwe kakubi, imele ibe yinyani ize ixoxwe kwabanye. E-US, umntu owenza isityholo sokuchaswa (ummangali), umntu osolwa ngokuthi unqunyulwe, unomthwalo wobungqina.
Ukukhuselwa ngokuchaswa
Abakhuseli bavame ukuba neendlela ezikhuselekileyo zokukhuselana nokuhlawuliswa .
Inyaniso kuthiwa yinto ekhuselekileyo yokukhuseliswa; ukuba ingxelo malunga nomnye ingabonakaliswa yinyani, akukho nkunkuma. Ummangalelwa kufuneka abonise ukuba inzakalo yenziwe ngumntu ochazwe ngummangalelwa, ngokuqhelekileyo ukulinganiswa ngokwemigaqo yezoqoqosho. Ummangalelwa akanakuboniswa ukuba avume kwisitatimende (ngokunika udliwano-ndlebe, umzekelo), kwaye kufuneka kukho ubungqina bokuba le nkcazo yaziswa kwabanye.
Ilungelo elifanelekileyo loKhuselo loKuDafa
Ilungelo, okanye ukukhuseleka, kukukhuseleka kumabango okuhlambalaza. Ilungelo elifanelekileyo liqhelekileyo lisetyenziswe kwiimeko apho umntu ekhuluma ngesitatimende "unomthetho, ukuziphatha, okanye uxanduva loluntu lokwenza ...." Umntu owenza isitatimenti kufuneka abonise ukuba wenze isitatimende esinokholo, ukukholelwa ukuba yinyani kwaye loo ngxelo yenziwe ngaphandle kobubi. Omnye umzekelo wamalungelo afanelekileyo kukukhuseleka kwamalungu omshicileli ukusuka kwiintlawulo zokuhlambalaza izitatimende ezenziwe kumaphephandaba enokholo olungenayo ngaphandle kokuba kungangqinelwa ukuba zenziwe ngobubi.
Eminye imizekelo xa ilungelo elifanelekileyo lisetyenziswe:
- Iinkqubo zee-arhente zokulawula, iiseshoni zamalungu omthetho, kunye namaziko karhulumente
- Ukugxeka okufanelekileyo ekuhlaziyweni
- Iingxelo ezenziwe ngokuzikhusela okanye ukuxwayisa abanye ngomonakalo okanye engozini
Ilungelo elifanelekileyo akufanele lidideke lilungelo elipheleleyo , elikhusela umntu kumgwebo kungakhathaliseki ukuba kuyenzeka njani ukunyanzeliswa kwezenzo kwaye nangona isenzo senziwa ngokunyanisekileyo okanye ngesisusa esifanelekileyo.
Ilungelo elifanelekileyo kunye nabaqeshi
Umzekelo wamalungelo afanelekileyo ngumzimba wokuzikhusela ukuchaswa kweengxelo ezenziwe kwimiba yomqeshi.
Umzekelo oqhelekileyo wohlobo lwelungelo elifanelekileyo ngumnxibelelwano lomqeshi kunye nabanye njengendlela yokujonga umlingiswa womqeshwa wangoku okanye wangaphambili.
Kwimeko ye- 2012 , iNkundla yesiBheno yeSibheno se-4 iyaligweba kummangalelwa owathi ilungelo elifanelekileyo alizange lisebenzise, ngenxenye, ngenxa yobuncwane besityholo somqeshi.
Ukuziphendulela: Ingcaciso kulo nqaku ijoliswe ukuba ibe yendalo ngokwemvelo kwaye ayihloselwe ukuba ibe yingcebiso yomthetho. Ilungelo elifanelekileyo kwiimeko zengqesho lijongene ngokwahlukileyo kwilizwe ngalinye. Abaqeshi kufuneka bahlole isiluleko somthetho ngaphambi kokuba banike iingxelo okanye ulwazi malunga nomqeshwa wangoku okanye wangaphambili .