I-Libel kunye nokunyundela yintlobo yokuchaswa, oku kuthetha intsingiselo eyonakalisa idumela lomntu okanye umbutho. Ukuze ufaneleke njengengqumbo okanye ukunyundela, ingxelo engamanga mayibe yingozi kwaye ibangela ingozi kwenye inxalenye.
Ukubonisa ukungcoliswa, umntu kufuneka abonise zonke ezi zilandelayo:
- Ingxelo malunga naye yayinyani.
- Le ngxelo yamlimala ngendlela ethile.
- Le nkcazo yaziswa kumntu wesithathu.
- Le nkcazo yayingekho lungelo (imfihlo). Umzekelo wenkcazo enobungqina bubungqina obunikwe ngethuba lovavanyo.
Umzekelo
UMariya ubhala iblogi eyaziwayo malunga neziganeko ezihlala kuyo. Ibhulogi yakhe inezinkulungwane zabalandeli. UMariya upapasha ibhokisi yeblothi echaza uBill owenzela imali kumqeshi wangaphambili waza wavala ulwaphulo-mthetho. Amazwi kaMariya ayinyani. Nangona kunjalo, uBill uyasuswa emsebenzini wakhe ebhankini ngenxa yobhengezo obubi. UMthetho uYilwayo unyanzela uMariya ngokuchaswa. Ukubonisa ubungqina bakhe, uBill ubonisa ukuba:
- Ingxelo kaMariya ngaye ingamanga.
- Ingxelo yamanga kaMariya yamlimala ngokumenza alahlekelwe ngumsebenzi wakhe.
- Ingxelo yamanga kaMariya yaziswa kwabanye abantu abaninzi (abafundi bakaMariya); kwaye
- Ingxelo kaMariya yayingenalungelo.
UMthetho oYilwayo unyanzela uMariya, onyanzelekile ukuba ahlawule i-20,000 $ kwiimbuyekezo ezihlawulwa .
ILibel kunye nokunyundela
I-Libel isichaza ngokubhaliweyo ngokubhaliweyo. Isenzo sokuqhayisa singenziwa ngokwenza nayiphi na indlela ebonakalayo kuquka ukuprinta (amaphephandaba, amaphephancwadi), imifanekiso, imifanekiso, kunye namafilimu. Ukunyundela kukuhlambalaza ngamagama athetha.
Amagama athetha ngokuthetha ngamazwi anamhlanje angakwazi ukufikelela kubaphulaphuli abaninzi.
Ngaloo ndlela, kwezinye iindawo kuthiwa ukuhlambalaza kwenziwa ngamazwi atyhulwe ngomsakazo, ithelevishini okanye i-Intanethi ingathathwa njengetyala kunokunyelisa. Ukunyundela kungachazwa njengento yokuchasana ngomlomo kubantu abancinci. Xa isenzo esithile sokwehlambalaza sinokuthi silingane naluphi na uhlobo, inkundla iya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba ingaba lihlazo okanye ukunyelisa.
I-Libel kunye nokunyundela kubangelwa. Inkohlakalo yinto ephosakeleyo yoluntu, ukuphulwa kwamalungelo oluntu. Ukunyaniseka kuyingozi. Nangona kunjalo, ukunyaniseka kungonakali ngokungazenzisiyo ngenkqubela kunye nokunyundela ngamatyala. Iinjongo ezenzelwe iinjongo zenzalo eziphula amalungelo omntu.
Ezinye iinjongo ezithandwayo zikwaphulo-mthetho. Imizekelo ibhetri kunye nokuhlaselwa. I-Libel ingaba yinto yolwaphulo-mthetho. Amanani amaninzi ayenze imithetho yezobugwenxa ekudambiseni abantu ekusebenziseni i-intanethi ukuhlambalaza abanye.
Ukukhusela
Umntu owenza isigwebo angagwetyelwa ukuba izenzo zakhe zilimaza kwelinye iqela. Umntu oye waxoxwa okanye uyanyunjwa angafuna umonakalo kumenzi wobugwenxa ngokufaka ityala ngaye. Umenzi wobugwenxa unokuzikhusela ngempumelelo ngokubonakalisa naziphi na ezi zilandelayo:
- Ingxelo yinyani.
- Ingxelo yenziwe kunye nemvume yomnye umntu.
- Le ngxelo inelungelo.
- Le nkcazo yaziswa ngengozi.
Ngokomzekelo, uMary unokuzimela ngokuchasene noMthetho kaBill ngokubonisa ukuba uBill waxoshwa ngumqeshi wakhe wangaphambili waza wafunyanwa enetyala lokungcola.
Amanqaku oLuntu
Amagosa karhulumente, oogqirha kunye nabanye abantu banolwazi olukhuselekileyo ngokuchasene nomntu ongasese. Umntu woluntu ukhethe ukubeka isohlwini loluntu. Ukubonisa ubungqina okanye ukunyundela, kufuneka abonise ukuba umenzi wobubi wenza izinto ezimbi. Oku kuthetha ukuba umenzi wobubi wayesazi ukuba le ngxelo yayiyinyani okanye yabonisa ukungakhathali ngokubhekisele ukuba ngaba yinyaniso okanye inkohliso.
Iingcamango Ngokubhekiselele Kwegama
Iingcamango ezingalunganga azibandakanyi ukuhlambalaza. Iingcamango aziyiyo iinyaniso ezinokungqinelwa ukuba zinyani okanye zinyani.
Kwimzekelo edlulileyo, cinga ukuba uMariya upapasha ibhokisi yeblogi echaza ukuba iBill iyindoda ekhukhumezayo. UBill ungayifumana ingxelo kaMariya. Nangona kunjalo, izimvo zakhe uluvo lwakhe kwaye azikho izizathu zokutshatyalaliswa kwesohlwayo.
Umshuwalense
Izimangalo ezichasene nawe okanye iqumrhu lakho lokunyelisa okanye ukunyundela lingagqitywa ngumgaqo-nkqubo wesikhundla sakho jikelele phantsi koBuntu kunye noKhuseleko lokuKhuselwa kweNtengiso . Ukuba ibango liyakugqitywa, zonke iimeko ezilandelayo mazizaliseke:
- Ingqungquthela okanye ukunyundela kufuneka ukuba yenziwe kwintsimi yokubhengezwa kwaye ngexesha lakho lomgaqo-nkqubo;
- Icala kufuneka livele kwimisebenzi yezoshishino;
- Isenzo kufuneka senziwe nguwe okanye esinye isiqinisekiso ; kwaye
- Ingxelo kufuneka ibe ngoluhlobo lomlomo okanye olubhaliweyo. Isitethi kufuneka sinyunde okanye sithembele omnye umntu, okanye sithengise impahla yeempahla, iimveliso okanye iinkonzo.