Indlela yokuphilisa i-Concrete kumaHluma amaHluma
Ukuphilisa ukukhonkxa kwimozulu ebanda kukufuna ulwazi, izinto kunye nezinye zezi ngcebiso. Iqhwa, umswakama kunye namanzi kuya kukuthintela ukhonkco lwakho ukuhlala phantsi ukuze ufune ukunyamekela xa uthela ikhonkrit kwaye uyiphephe xa ubushushu buhlahla ngaphantsi kwe-20 degree Fahrenheit. I-concrete hydration ichaphazelekayo xa iqondo lokushisa lihla ngaphantsi kwe-degrees zero okanye i-cooling point. Kubalulekile ukuba ikhonkrithi ibekwa kwindawo ecocekileyo ngaphandle kwekhephu okanye ezinye izinto ezinokuchaphazela ukuphiliswa kwekhonkrit kwaye ndiyincoma ukusebenzisa iindlela zokulondoloza ubushushu ezinokubangela ukuphulukiswa, ukulungiswa nokugqiba.
IKomiti ye-American Concrete Institute (ACI) 301 incoma ixesha eliphantsi lokuphilisa elihambelana nekhonkrithi elifikelela kuma-70% emandla aqinekileyo aqinekileyo.
Izinto ezifunekayo ukuphilisa i-Concrete ngexesha lobusika
Ukuphilisa ukhonkolo kwixesha elibandayo linokufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeka kwisixa sokukhutshwa khonkri kunye nomhlaba ukhuselwe. Ezi zinto xa zisetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo ziya kukwandisa okanye zivelise ukufudumala okuqhubekayo kwe-konkrete. Umzekelo:
- Ukufakela amaphepha,
- I-plastic-plastic
- Ukutshisa iipilisi,
- Ukufakela iingubo, kunye
- Windbreaks.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba izinga lokushisa lingaphantsi kwe-20 Degree F, vele ulahle ingcamango yokubeka ikhonkrithi kuba iya kukukhokelela apho i-hydration iyanqanda ngokuthe ngqo kwiqondo lokushisa.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iKomidi ye-ACI 308 icebisa oku kulandelwa kwezi zilandelayo:
- I-ASTM C 150 Thayipha ndiyimise iintsuku ezingama-7
- I-ASTM C 150 Uhlobo lwe-II lwesamente ezili-10 iintsuku
- I-ASTM C 150 Uhlobo lwe-III lwesamente ezintathu iintsuku
- I-ASTM C 150 Uhlobo lwe-IV okanye i-V yesenti ezili-14
- Uhlobo lwe-ASTM C 595, C 845, C 1157
Iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokuphilisa i-Concrete kwi-cold Weather
Zama ezi ngcebiso ezicetywayo zokuphilisa ukrektri phakathi nobusika:
- Ukugcina isilinganisi samanzi samanzi. Umlinganiselo womlinganiselo womanzi awufanele ube ngaphezu kwe-0.40 phantsi kweemeko eziqhwaqisayo.
- Ukuba ukushisa kunobanda kakhulu, i-propane heater kunye ne-polyethylene enclosure ingasetyenziselwa ukugcina amaqondo ashushu afanele ngokwaneleyo, ukukhusela ingqonge.
- Sebenzisa i-Portland samente Uhlobo lwe-III, isitenti esinceda ekumiseni ngaphandle kokunciphisa umgangatho wekhonkrithi. Kubalulekile kuba umthamo ophezulu womswakama unokubangela iingxaki zokuqhaqhayisa ekuqiniseni izinyithi .
- Ukulawula i-chloride ions ngokuxosha i-ash ash, i-silica fume kunye ne-furg.
- Ukushiya amafomu kwindawo ngokukhawuleza. Amacangca kunye nemiphetho yintlekeleko kwaye iifom ziya kunceda ngexesha lokukhutshwa komlilo.
- Ukususa iingubo ngokukhawuleza kwiimeko ezibandayo kungabangela ukuhlukahlula kweqondo lokubumba phakathi kwekhonkrete kunye naphakathi kwayo. Oku kunokubangela ukuphambuka kwi-differential differential, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo kumalungu amaninzi.
- Ikhonkrithi phantsi kwamanzi ukuphilisa izicelo zeplatile ziba lula ngekhonkri yangaphambili. Ikhonkrithi enobugqwetha yiyo yonke i-aggregates enamaqela kwaye iqulethe iphesenti engenakunyanzeliswayo, kunye nesihlabathi. Izaziso zixutywe kuyo ezingavumeli amanzi ukuba angene ngaphakathi kwendawo ekhonkrithi. Ikhonkrithi ephikisayo ifanelekile ekwakheni i-pavement njengoko ingagxinyi emanzini kodwa ivumela iithayitha zamanzi zidlule ngaphandle kokulimaza i-concrete kunye neamandla.
- Lindela kude kube ngamanzi aphuma amanzi. Ukuphilisa ukukhonkxa kwimozulu ebanda kukuvelisa inkqubo yokuphulukisa ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke ikhonkrithi ibeka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ukuphuma kwamanzi kuya kuqalisa kamva kunokuba kulindeleke. Yilungiselele ukuphatha amanzi angaphezulu kwamanzi ngaphezu kokufakwa kwekhonkrithi rhoqo.
- Nangona ikhonkrithi iphiliswa, qi
- Ukufumanisa ukuba unani lokubaluleka okufunekayo ukugcina ikhonkrithi kwi-50 ° F , khangela ietafile kwiSahluko 7 se-ACI 306. Ukufunwa okufunekayo kusekelwe ekukhoneni kwekhonkrithi, umxholo we-samente, kunye neqondo eliphantsi lokushisa lomoya elilindelekileyo ixesha lokukhusela. .
- Gcoba ikhonkrithi ngokusebenzisa i-concrete sealant ukuze amanzi angene ngaphakathi kwekhonkrithi. Izikhonkco zeekhonkrithi ziya kwandisa ubomi bekhonkrithi , kwaye ziza kunciphisa ukuhluleka kokuphilisa ukhonkco. Kwiindawo ezibandayo kakhulu, kufuneka kusetshenziswe uphawu lwe-concrete oluphefumlelweyo kuphela, njengoko luya kuvumela ukukhuphuka kwamanzi kunye nokunyuka, kuncedise ekumiswe ngokukhawuleza kwekhonkrithi.