Iintlobo zeRebar Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa ekwakhiweni
Ukuphucula imirhumo yensimbi isetyenziselwa ukunceda ikhonkrete ukumelana nemimoya yokuxhatshazwa. Ikhonkrithi inamandla ngokwaneleyo ukunyanzeliswa kwemvelo ngokwemvelo, kodwa amandla ombambano angayicima.
Iingqungquthela eziphosakeleyo ekuqiniseni insimbi ziye zaba yimfuneko esemgangathweni ukususela ngo-1968, kodwa izibhamu ezicacileyo zisetyenziselwa kwiimeko apho insimbi yokomeleza ilindeleke ukuba islayidi. Oku kunjalo njalo xa befakwe kwi-paving road and bridges.
Iphethini ephosakeleyo kwi-rebar inceda ukhonkco uhambelane nomgangatho wensimbi. Umzekelo kwi-bar ephosakeleyo ayicacisiwe, kodwa ukupakishwa kunye nokuphakama kwe "bumps" kulawulwa.
Rebar: Ukuqinisekiswa kweeNkcukacha zeBharki zeNsimbi
Ukufakela imivalo ishushu-idibene ngokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zensimbi ezahlukeneyo. Iimpuphu ezininzi zihanjiswe kwiibhentshini ezintsha zensimbi, kodwa ezinye zihanjiswe kwizinto zentsimbi okanye iinqwelo zomzila. Iibhujane zifuneka ukuba ziqulethe uhlobo oluthile lokuchonga olungasetyenziselwa ukuchonga umatshini ovelise ibha yensimbi yokuqinisa.
I-American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) idale isigqibo sokuqaphela isigqirha sokuba zonke izibhamu mazihambelane nazo:
- Inombolo kufuneka ibone ubungakanani bebha.
- Uhlobo lwesayikethi yentsimbi kufuneka luphawulwe. Ngokomzekelo, "N" ithetha ibha ekhishwe kwi-billet entsha, "W" imele insimbi ene-weldable, kwaye "A" ibonisa insimbi yesikhombi esisikiweyo.
- Ukuchongwa kwebakala ekugqibeleni kufuneka kukhonjiswe: Oku kungama-60 okanye i-75, okanye i-metric 420 okanye i-520. Ibakala libonisa amandla okuvelisa izixhobo.
- Isimboli esikhankanya umenzi ogqityiweyo ibhar kufuneka ifakwe: Oku kudla ngokuba yileta enye okanye uphawu olucacileyo.
Amandla angaphantsi ekuqiniseni imirhubhe yensimbi ineempawu ezintathu kuphela ezichonga umgulo ovelise ibha, ubukhulu be-rebar kunye nohlobo lwensimbi esetyenzisiweyo. Ukuphakama kwamandla ophezulu kusetyenziswa isebenzisa indlela yokuqhubeka yokubonisa ibakala lesimbi.
Ukuba i-rebar iqulethe imigca emibini, ibonisa ukuba i-rebar yafakwa kwii-75,000-psi. Xa umgca omnye ukhona, umele ibha ye-60,000-psi.
Iintlobo zeRebar
- Iibhendi zeCarbon Iingqungquthela: Olu luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-rebar kwaye ngamanye amaxesha luthiwa "ibha yomnyama." Kuxhomekeke kakhulu kodwa ihamba ngokulula ngaphezu kwezinye iindidi, okwenza ukuba kungalunganga kwiindawo eziphantsi kobuninzi obuphezulu okanye kwizakhiwo eziqhelekileyo zibonakaliswe kumanzi. Abaninzi bacinga ukuba iingubo zekhabhoni ze-carbon zona zikhethekileyo kuzo zonke ezinye iintlobo zokwakha, nangona kunjalo.
- I-Welded Wire Fabric: I- Weld wire fabric (WWF) yenziwe kwinqanaba leengcingo zensimbi ezilungiswe kwii-angles ezifanelekileyo kunye neziphephe zombane kuzo zonke iintambo ze-wire. Ingasetyenziselwa kwi-slabs-ground-ground slabs apho umhlaba uhlanganiswe kakuhle. Ubunzima obunzima bendwangu yocingo oluxhaswayo lungasetyenziselwa ezindongeni kunye nakwi-slabs floor floor . Oku kuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswe ukuhamba ngeendlela , iibhokisi zeeplanga, izakhiwo zamanzi, kunye namacinci amancinci.
- I-Sheet-Metal UkuQinisekisa Iibhorensi: Ukuqinisekiswa kwe- sheet-metal kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumacandle, kumanyathelo kunye nokwakhiwa kwephahla . Ukuqiniswa kweStet-metal kwenziwe ngephepha elifakwe kwisiqwenga esineziqwenga zetsimbi ezifakwe kwizinto ezinobunzima malunga neyeshumi elinesibhozo se-intshi ejulile kunye nezimbobo ezibethelwa ngokukhawuleza.
- Iingqungquthela ezixutywe nge-Epoxy: Iimpembelelo ezinama- epoxy zibiza kakhulu kwaye zisetyenziselwa kwiindawo eziza kuqhagamshelana namanzi anetyuwa okanye apho ingxaki yokuqhawuka isondele. Ingxaki kuphela kukuba iingubo ezinokuthi zincinci kakhulu, ngoko ke imivalo kufuneka iyalwe kumthengisi ohloniphekileyo.
- Iingqungquthela zaseYurophu: Ezi mpukelo zenziwe ngokusemgangathweni ngama-manganese ngoko zithatha ukugoba ngokulula. Akulungelanga ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezijongene nezimo zezulu ezibi okanye iimpembelelo ze-geological, ezifana nezityikima, iziphepho, okanye iindubhu. Zingaba neendleko ezifanelekileyo, nangona kunjalo.
- Iibhanki zensimbi ezingenasici: Insimbi engenasici ingasetyenziselwa njengenye enye ibharki yensimbi yokuqiniswa. Ukusebenzisa imivalo yokufakela insimbi engenasinxibe ayiyi kudala i-galvanic corrosion, kwaye ingaba isisombululo esinokusebenza kwiinkalo eziphantsi kweengxaki zokuqhawuka okanye apho ukulungiswa kunzima kwaye kubiza. Ezi mpuphu ziza kubiza ubuncinane amaxesha asibhozo ngaphezu kweenqwelo eziphezu kwe-epoxy, nangona kunjalo.
- Iingqungquthela zengqungquthela: Iingqungquthela ezihlangeneyo zixhatshazwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwee-rebar carbon rebars, zenza ukuba zilungele izakhiwo eziza kuboniswa kakhulu kwiimeko ezimanzi nezomhlaba. Baye baxabisa, nangona kunjalo.
- I-Expanded Metal okanye i-Wire Mesh Rebars : Ukwandiswa kwesinyithi okanye ukuxinwa kwentambo yocingo yile mveliso enhle yekhonkrithi. Isinyithi esandisiweyo senziwa ngokukrazula ishidi lentsimbi ibe yimigca efana neyo kwandiswa ukuze yenze uhlobo lwedayimani okanye isimo se square phakathi kwesinye ngasinye. Isinyithi esandisiweyo sisetyenziselwa ukuqiniswa kwimimandla apho kubuninzi ukukhawuleka kwepalta kuyadingeka, okanye ukuqinisa ukwakhiwa kokukhanya khonkrithi. Ukuxinwa kwefowuni kungasetyenziselwa emacaleni omgwaqo, amancinci amancinci, okanye izakhiwo ezingagungqiyo ezingafumani iindleko eziphezulu zokuhlala okanye zokulayisha.
- I-Glass-Fiber-Reinforced-Polymer (GFRP) Iingqungquthela: Efana ne-carbon fiber, iimpuphu ze-GFRP aziyi kuphazamisa-naphakade, phantsi kwayo nayiphi na imiqathango. Uyakuhlawula ngokukodwa oko, nangona kunjalo. Ezi mpuphu zikwazi ukuqhuba amaxesha angama-10 ngeendleko zee-rebars eziphethwe nge-epoxy.
Ixabiso leRebbar kunye neNdleko
Iindleko ze-rebar zinokuqikelelwa kwisiseko seenyawo okanye ngetoni nganye. Iindleko zensimbi ziyakwazi ukuhluka kwenyanga ukuya kwinyanga kwaye kwimihla ngemihla, ngoko ke ukuba ufumana ixabiso elifanelekileyo, qiniseka ukulivala phambi kwexesha