Ukuqulunqa ifom ekhethekileyo uhlobo lwefom yokwakha izakhiwo ezinkulu zeekrete. Ukunyuka kweefom zokusebenza kuza kubonisa isisombululo esiphumeleleyo kwizakhiwo ezifuna izindonga ezingenanto, okanye ifomu labo liphindaphinda kakhulu.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokunyuka kwefom, ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yokwakha eyakhiwayo. Bangakwazi ukuhamba bebodwa, besebenzisa iifake zamanzi okanye izigesi zombane, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'self-climbing formwork', okanye ziyakuthunyelwa kunye nezixhobo zecranes kunye nezinye izixhobo.
Kukho ifom ehambayo, ebizwa ngeSlipform kodwa ihamba ngokuqhubekayo (xa kuthululwa kwenziwa) endaweni yexesha elifana nefom yokwenza umsebenzi. Ifom ye-self-climbing ishicilelwe ngexesha lokucoca. Iifane ze-Crane ezikhethiweyo ezifayo ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziswe kwizakhiwo zamabali amahlanu okanye ngaphezulu; iifom zefom zezityalo ezixhamla ngokuzenzekelayo ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziswe kwizakhiwo ezinezinga elingaphezulu kwama-20.
Indlela i-Self-Climbing Workworks edibene ngayo
Ngokuqhelekileyo, olu hlobo lwefom yomsebenzi lwakhiwa ngamalungu ensimbi . Ifom yefrekta ifakwe kwisiqulatho; ezinye zazo zixhaswe kwii-rollers. Emva kokuba iindonga zekhonkrithe zitshulwe, ikhutshwe ize isuswe kude nodongeni. Emva koko, ukuba ifom ye-self-climbing isetyenziswe, i-Jackks iphakamisa isakhelo ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo okanye kwindawo elandelayo apho iya kusetyenziswa khona. Ngokuqhelekileyo le nkqubo ihamba ngokukhawuleza.
Emva kokuba ifom ekhulayo isesikhundleni, iipaneli zivaliwe, kwaye udonga oluthile lwekritshi luyancitywa.
Umjikelezo uyaqhubeka, oqhelekileyo iintsuku ezintathu ukuya ezintlanu. Amaxesha anokukhawuleza anokufezekiswa kodwa uya kufuna abaqeqeshi abazikhethekileyo kunye nabaqeqeshiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, umbandela wokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza ngokuqhelekileyo ukwakhiwa kwee-slabs ezisezantsi, ezithanjiswa njengenkqubo ehlukileyo.
Kuphi ukusebenzisa iiFomworkworks
Kunconywa kakhulu kwizakhiwo ezide kakhulu ezifana:
- I zakhiwo
- Iipiloni zeBridge
- I-Airport Control Towers
- Izakhiwo eziphakamileyo
- Elevator Shafts
- Silos
Abanye abavelisi okanye abasabalalisi beefomwork zokunyuka ngokwabo ba:
- Doka
- BFS
- Paschal
- MEVA
- PERI
Ziziphi Iingenelo Ndingayifumana?
- Ngokuqhelekileyo ayifuni i-crane ukuba ibenze iyanciphise ixabiso lakho jikelele.
- Ukwandisa isantya sokwakha kufunyenwe ngokuvumela ukuba izakhiwo ezizenzekelayo nezisigxina zesakhiwo zakhiwe ngokufanayo.
- Iyanciphisa ixesha lobasebenzi kwaye linomlinganiselo ongcono wokuvelisa (ezi nkqubo zenzelwe izenzo eziphindaphindiweyo) kwaye umsebenzi omncinci uyadingeka ukuseta ifom.
- Ukhuseleko olukhulayo njengoko abasebenzi beendlela zokumisa nokususa bangaphantsi kweenkqubo zenkcubeko
- Ayifuni inkxaso eyongezelelweyo kwiifom (ixhaswa ngeendonga ezityhulwa nje).
- Ingasetyenziselwa ngethuba phantse lonke uhlobo lwemozulu.
- Ngokuqhelekileyo, banikela indawo yokusetyenziswa njenge- scaffold.
- Ukugqitywa kwemigangatho ephezulu kuya kufumaneka.
- Unokuxhasa umoya ophezulu (umveliso ongcono kwiintsuku ezinomoya).
- Inkqubo yefom elula ukuyicoca nokuphinda isebenzise ngenkunkuma encane eyenziwe ngokuqhathaniswa neenkqubo zemveli.
- Ezinye iinkqubo zokukhusela (izikrini) zinokuphoswa kwiFomu elikhulu lokuPhuma kwaye likhuphuke kunye nenkqubo.
- Ezinye iinkqubo ze-theses zingasetyenziswa ngendlela enokuba nepompo yekhonkrit ingasetyenziselwa kwindawo enye kunye nendawo.
- Ubude obude buyafumaneka budibanisa icandelo elithile kwiprojekthi nganye.
- Ezinye iinkqubo zeefom zingasetyenziselwa kwinqanaba elityebileyo.
- Emva kokuba i-curve yokufunda idlulile, ukusebenza kuya kulungiswa kwaye umsebenzi uza kugqitywa ngokukhawuleza.
- Ezi nkqubo ziyakunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwee-scaffolding kunye neesiteji zomsebenzi zesikhashana.
Iimpawu zoLuhlu lweMisebenzi
Ukuqulunqwa kweefom zokusebenza kuya kubuthwa okanye kungabhalwa kunye neengxenye ezilandelayo:
- Iiplathimi zabasebenzi bekhonkrithi
- Impahla yombumba kunye neziqwenga
- Ukuphakamisa intsimbi
- Iseshingi yokusebenza eyongezelelweyo
- Iiplatifti zokumiswa
Kwakhona qiniseka ukuba izixhobo zinamacandelo afanelekileyo kwi-plumb, ngokuzenzekelayo nakwi-vertically, ifom. Ezinye zeemodeli nazo zixhotyiswe ngemilayezo eya kubakhokelela ekukhutshweni kwefom, ngoko unokuhlambulula nokulungisa ikhonkrete ukuba kuyimfuneko.