Hlala Uhambelana. Khusela AbaSebenzi Bakho
I-10HA ephezulu yezokhuselo zoKhuseleko
Unyaka emva konyaka, ukuphulwa okukhuselekileyo kwezokhuseleko ezifunyenwe ngabahloli be-OSHA kuyafana, nangona umyalelo ungatshintsha. Eli nqaku linika umxholo wenkqubo ye-OSHA. Akwanele ukuba uqhelane naloluhlu, abo bakwakhiwa kunye namanye amashishini achaphazelekayo kufuneka azi kwaye ahambisane nemimiselo ekhoyo. Yiba negalelo kwaye ngokuthobela, thintela ukuphulwa, musa ukukhusela ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi bakho.
01 - IiNkqubo zoKhusela ukuwa
1926.501 Ukhuselo lokuwa
Lo mgangatho ukhankanya apho kukho iinkqubo zokukhusela ezifunekayo kwaye zeziphi iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo imeko. Ukuzibandakanya kubaluleke kakhulu apha, njengamaxesha amaninzi abahloli abakwazi ukubona ukuphulwa "ngokuqhuba".
Ngexesha leentlobo ezininzi zomsebenzi wokwakha, i-OSHA idinga ukukhuselwa xa usebenza kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezili-6 okanye ngaphezulu. Uhlobo lokukhusela oluvunyelwe phantsi kweemfuneko ze-OSHA kuxhomekeke kwisakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi okwenziwayo, umz., Ukuloliwe, iinkqubo zokubanjwa komntu siqu, imizila yokuxwayisa, njl. Uninzi lwezophulo zibandakanya umsebenzi ophahlayo (kubandakanywa uphahla olusenyakatho) kodwa aluphelelanga kwi-elevator shafts ingabangela izingozi.
02 - HazCom
1910.1200 HazCom
Lo mgaqo ufuna ukuba uqalise inkqubo ukuxelela abasebenzi beengozi zeekhemikhali abazityhila kuyo emsebenzini. Umgangatho unemfuno emininzi - ezinye zezona zinto ziphambili nazo ezinye ze-OSHA zifumana ukusilela kwixesha eliqhelekileyo.
Abaqeshi kufuneka babe nerekhodi ebhaliweyo yento eyenziwe yinkampani ukuthobela umgangatho. Oko kufaka uludwe lwazo zonke iikhemikhali ozisebenzisayo - ngamanye amazwi, i-inventory yemichiza.
Zonke izitya zokugcinwa kweekhemikhali ezinobungozi ezixutywa phantsi kweemfuneko eziqhelekileyo ezibhalwe ngolwazi malunga nobume beemichiza kunye neengozi.
Kufuneka uqeqeshe bonke abasebenzi ngaphambi kokuchaswa kwabo kokuqala, kwaye kubaluleke ngokulinganayo, ukuyibuyisela kwakhona xa iichiza okanye iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zeekhompiki zenziwa, okanye xa kukho utshintsho kwiindlela zamachiza asetyenziswa ngayo.
03 - I-Scaffolding ekwakhiweni
1926.451 I-Scaffolding
Iibhokhwe kwiiplatifayibrari zingaba ziingozi njengemingxuma kunoma yimuphi umgangatho wokuhamba / osebenzayo, ngoko ke ukwakhiwa kwesikhulumi esaneleyo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwezimbalwa ezimbalwa, iqonga ngalinye, kuwo onke amanqanaba asebenzayo, kufuneka lihlale iplanked okanye lidibaniswe phakathi kwamapherri angaphambili kunye ne-supportrail support.
Kufuneka kube nepotyala elaneleyo lokufikelela kwiipulatifomu zerhafu, njengendlela ephathekayo, i-hook-on ladder, ufikelelo oluchanekileyo ukusuka kwelinye i-scaffold, njl njl. OSHA ivumela iindlela ezininzi zokufikelela.
Abaqeshwa mabakhuselwe kwiimitha eziyi-10 - kodwa uhlobo lokukhusela luyahluka ngohlobo lwe-scaffold. Kwezinye iimeko inkqubo yokubanjwa komntu iya kufuneka, umzekelo, i-ladder jack scaffolds; kwabanye, i-gardrail kunye neenkqubo zokubanjwa komntu ngamnye kuya kufuneka. I-Grablines ingadinga kwakhona.
Isihluthulelo sokuhlala ngokuthobela ukulungiswa kwe-OSHA kwinqanaba lokwakhiwa kukuba "umntu ofanelekileyo" ophethe uxanduva lokuthobela nokubeka iliso.
04 - Ukhuselo lokuphefumula
1910.134 Ukhuselo lokuphefumula
Amafumu, inetyhefu, i-gases kunye neentshukumo, yinkxalabo kwicandelo lokwakha. Umqolo wokhuseleko lokuphefumula unokuvavanya kakuhle kobume. Oku kuvela ngokuvandlakanywa kococo lwemvelo, okukunceda ukuba ufumane umgangatho wokungcola kunye nento efanelekileyo yokukhusela ukuphefumula kuyadingeka.
Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweempawu ze-particulate okanye uthuli (iinguqu ze-N95 eziqhelekileyo). Abaninzi abaqeshi abahlulekayo ukuyiqonda kukuba i-dust masks efana ne-N95s ithathwa njengophefuli-kwaye, ukuba iyafuneka ukuba isetyenziswe, kufuneka iprogram yokuphefumula ebhaliweyo.
Olunye uhlobo lweengxaki zokuthotyelwa ngokuqhelekileyo alunabasebenzi abavandlakanywe ngonyango ukuze babone ukuba ngaba bayakwazi ukugqoka izixhobo.
Ukungabikho kokuvavanya okufanelekileyo kukunye ukuphulwa kokukhuseleka kokuphefumula. Ukuvavanya ngokufanelekileyo yinkqubo kunye nochungechunge lwamaqhinga okuqinisekisa ukuba umphefumli womqeshwa ngamnye ngumlinganiselo ochanekileyo, ukhululekile kwaye uhambelana ngokufanelekileyo.
05 - I- Lockout / I-Tagout Standard (LOTO)
1910.147 Ukukhutshwa / iTekout
Abasebenzi abasebenzisa okanye ukugcina iimashishini okanye izixhobo banokulimala okanye babulawe ukuba amandla enobungozi alawulwa kakuhle. Umgangatho wokukhutshwa / umtshini wokumakisha ufuna ukuba uqalise inkqubo kunye neenkqubo zokulawula ukukhululwa okungalindelekanga kwamandla ngexesha lokwenza imisebenzi kunye nokugcinwa (umz., Umatshini uqala ngokungalindelekanga ngelixa ukhonjiswa). Oku kusebenza kumbane, umatshini, i-hydraulic, i-pneumatic, iikhemikhali, i-thermal, okanye enye imithombo yamandla kwimishini kunye nezixhobo.
06 - Amandla Amashishini Amashishini (PIT)
1910.178 -Izixhobo zorhwebo eziLimo
Ukuphulwa kwe-Industrial Powered Industrial Truck (PIT) yinto enye ekhankanywe ngokuqhelekileyo, ngenxa yokuba kukho ezininzi iintlobo zamaloli okuphakamisa kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zamashishini. Izixhobo zorhwebo zaseWorld Trucks zibandakanya iifoloksi, iipakethi zeepallet ezixhasayo, iilori zokuphakamisa ukukhwela, ukucwangcisa abantu, njl.
Umbandela othotyelwayo xa ngabaqeshi behluleka ukuqeqesha abaqhubi kuzo zonke iindidi ze-PIT zixhobo zokusebenza. Uqeqesho kufuneka lube nezixhobo ezithile. Akufuneki ukuba uqeqeshe umqhubi ngamnye kwi-jack ye-pallet eyenziwe ngabavelisi abahlukeneyo, kodwa i-OSHA inqande ukuvumela umsebenzisi ophethe uqeqesho lwe-forklift ukuqhuba i-jack pallet enegunya ngaphandle koqeqesho olongezelelweyo-uqeqesho kufuneka lube "luhlobo" ngalunye izixhobo.
07 - Amanqanaba okwenza umsebenzi wokwakha
1926.1053 Amanqanaba
I-OSHA idinga ukuba xa amakhredithi aphathekayo asetyenziselwa ukufikelela kumgangatho ophezulu wokungena, ii-rails side side kufuneka zandise ubuncinane ubunzima beenyawo ezintathu ngaphaya komgangatho ophezulu wokungena apho idilesi isetyenziselwa khona ukufikelela; okanye, xa ukongezwa okunjalo kungenakwenzeka ngenxa yobude bee-ladder, i-ladder kufuneka ikhuseleke phezulu kwiinkxaso eziqinileyo ezingayi kuphambukisa, kwaye isixhobo sokubamba, njengesigrafra, kufuneka sinikezelwe ukuncedisa abasebenzi ukunyuka nokukhupha umgangatho.
Olunye ulwaphulo oluqhelekileyo xa abasebenzi basebenzisa amakhanela into engayilungiselelwe yona, njengokusebenzisa i-ladder njengesikhulumi sokuhamba okanye isixhobo sokuphakamisa; I-OSHA inqabela le mi sebenzi. I-OSHA idinga ukuba amanqanaba abe ngohlobo oluhle. Amanqanaba ahambayo aneziphene ezinjengezakhiwo, ezinjengeenkomo eziphukileyo okanye ezingekhoyo, ukucoca, okanye amanyathelo; iinqwelo eziphukileyo okanye ezihlukileyo; zixhobo; okanye ezinye iindawo eziphosakeleyo okanye eziphosakeleyo, kufuneka ziphawulwe ngokukhawuleza ngendlela ebenokuzichazela ngokungenasiphelo, okanye zifakwe kwi-"Ungasebenzisi" okanye ulwimi olufanayo, kwaye kufuneka uhoxiswe kwinkonzo uze ulungiswe.
08 - Ukugcinwa koMbane jikelele
1910.212 UkuLondolozwa koMatshini
Oku kuyimfuneko yokulinda jikelele. Ayibhekiseli kumashishini athile, kodwa ifuna ukuba abasebenzi bakhuselwe kwiindawo ezinobungozi ngenye indlela kunye nokuba ingongoma yokusebenza ilondolozwe. Iintlobo zezixhobo zingabandakanya (kodwa azinqunywanga) kubathumeli, oomatshini bokubumba, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zetsimbi, imishini yokucoca i-hydraulic, kunye ne-balers.
Imfuno ibonisa kwakhona ukuba oomatshini mababekwe ukukhusela ukunyakaza. Oku kusebenza kumashishini aklanyelwe ukuba abe kwindawo echanekileyo kunye noomatshini abangashenxisa ngexesha lokusebenza, umzekelo, ezininzi iimishini zokupaka.
09 - I- Wiring Wombane, ii-Components, Izixhobo
1910.305 Izixhobo zombane, iindlela zokuHamba
Amanqanaba ombane ka-OSHA aklanyelwe ukukhusela abasebenzi abonakaliswe kwiingozi ezifana nokutshatyalazwa kombane, i-arc flash, i-electrocution, imililo kunye nokuqhuma. Olunye ulwaphulo lombane oluqhelekileyo luquka ukusekwa kwezixhobo kwakunye nokusetyenziswa kwetambo yesikhashana. Ngokomzekelo, ukusebenzisa i-wiring yesikhashana (oko kukuthi, intambo yokongezwa) endaweni ye-wiring yocala kukuphulaphula phantsi kweemeko ezininzi. Nangona xa kuvunyelwe, kukuphulwa ukuqhubela intambo eguquguqukayo okanye iintambo kwiimingxuma zodonga okanye emigodini yokubeka. Kwakhona, ukungabi nolu hlobo lweempazamo kwiintambo kunye neentambo nenye iphulaphulo oluqhelekileyo - i-OSHA idinga le nqabiseko ukukhusela (okanye ukuxineka) ukusuka ekuhanjisweni ngokuthe ngqo kumalungu okanye kwizigcini zokugcina.
I-10 - Iinkqubo zoMbane zoKwakha
1910.303 Uyilo lweeNkqubo zoMbane
I-OSHA idinga abaqeshi ukuba bafake kwaye bagcine izixhobo njengoko zifunyenwe kumenzi, kwaye ngokwemiyalelo yomenzi. Ukufakelwa kwamandla kumagxa angaphezulu, kunokuba kudongeni, ngokuqhelekileyo kuyahambelana nemiyalelo yokufaka kunye nokuphulwa kwe-OSHA. Kukwaphula umthetho xa abaqeshi basebenzise izixhobo kwindawo yokusebenzela eye yabhalwa kuphela kwaye iboniswe ukusetyenziswa kwekhaya.