Indlela yokuSombulula iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zeekhonkrithi- Iisombululo kunye neengcebiso

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zeConte and How to Avoid Them

Ikhonkrithi yinto elula ukulawula. Nangona kunjalo, unako ukufikelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu ukuba akusebenzi kakuhle. Iingxaki zekhonkco zingabandakanya ukuhlukunyezwa, ukuhluthwa kunye nokunyuka phakathi kwabanye kwaye ngenxa yokuba siye salungiselela uludwe lweengxaki eziqhelekileyo zekhonkrithi kunye nesikhokelo sokusombulula

  • 01 - Ingxaki yekhonkco: Ukungcoliswa

    Ikhonkrithi iya kuba nombala ofanayo xa usebenzisa umxube ofanayo, i-batch kunye nezinto ezisuka kuMxube Olungeleyo . Nangona kunjalo, i-discoloration yekhonkrithi inokwenzeka xa kukho nayiphi na le miba iguqulwa. Ukukhishwa kwe-concrete kungenzeka xa amanzi edibaniswa kwindawo yomsebenzi, ngokusebenza kakubi, izinto ezikhoyo zentsimbi kunye nokuba i-calcium chloride yongezwa kumxube. Zonke izithako ezikhonkco kufuneka zihambelane neMelika Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) imigangatho.

    Ukuxazulula ingxaki yokuguqula i-discoloration kufuneka:

    • Cacisa kunye nomxhasi olungele ukuxhamla amanqanaba akho okunyamezela
    • Lungisa i-subgrade efanayo
    • Lindela de wonke amanzi aphumile ukuze aqale ukugqiba ikhonkrithi
    • Gwema kancinci ukukhwela khonkri yangaphandle
    • Sebenzisa iifom ekhonkco ezihle kakuhle
    • Philisa ikhonkri ngokufanayo phezu komhlaba wonke
    • Sebenzisa enye ifom yokukhuphela ifomu kwiifom zakho zekhonkrithi
    • Sebenzisa i-calcium yamanzi esikhundleni se-calcium chloride
  • 02 - Ingxaki yekhonkco: Ukunyuka

    Enye ingxaki eqhelekileyo yekhonkrithi ikhula. Ukukhawuleza kwenzeka xa ukhonkco lomhlaba uphuma kwi-intshi ezimbini kwaye uqhubeka uhamba. Oku kuya kwenzeka ngenxa yamandla akhonkco anganeleyo, okanye inqubo enganyanga yokunyanga . Ukukhawuleka kwekhonkrithi kuya kwenzeka xa amanzi ephuma ekhonkileni engenazibilini, engekho moya eboniswe kwiinkqubo zokuqhaqha.

    Ukukhonkxa kwekhonkco kunokuphetshwa xa:

    • Ucacisa umoya ophantsi (i-6 ukuya kuma-7 ekhulwini) odibeneyo wokuxuba umxube kumsebenzi weplati wangaphandle
    • Ikhonkrithi iphelile ngexesha elifanelekileyo, xa onke amanzi ekhuphukile
    • Ukuphilisa ikhonkrit ngokwaneleyo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ityuwa okanye ezinye iikhemikhali ebusika
    • Gwema ukusebenzisa i-scraed screed kwikhonkrit high high
  • 03 - Ingxaki yekhonkco: Ukukhwaza

    Enye yeengxaki eziphindaphindiweyo kwikhonkrithi zikhangela. Ikhonkrithi edibeneyo eyenzekayo xa ubuso bubonisa iintlobo ezininzi ezidibeneyo. Nangona amandla okukhonkceka mhlawumbi awachaphazelekayo, ukutyhoboza kuya kubonakala xa i-slab idampu. Ukuqhawulwa kwekhonkri kwenzeka xa ukhonti lwe-samente lufika phezulu kwaye luyehla.

    Ukuphepha ukukhonkxa okukratshi:

    • Sebenzisa ukhonkco olusisiseko lokungcola ngaphandle kokuhlanza nokuhlukana
    • Ungagqiba ikhonkrithi kude kube yilapho amanzi aphelile
    • Musa ukuthungela umquba phezu komhlaba ngelixa amanzi ekhona emgangathweni
    • Musa ukufefa ngamanzi phezu kwekhonkrit ngeli gqiba
    • Ukuba imozulu iyakwazi ukuvelisa amazinga aphezulu e-evaporation rates, fakisha amanye amanzi kwi-subgrade, ngoko ayiyi kubamba amanzi kumxube wekhonkrithi
    • Sebenzisa i- broom end end esikhundleni sokusebenzisa i-troil
    • Ukunyanga ngokwaneleyo ukukhonkxa ukwenzela ukuba ikwazi ukugcina umswakama ofanelekileyo wokusebenza kwe-hydration
  • 04 - Ingxaki yekhonkco: Ukukhahlela

    Ikhonkrithi inokuqhekeka kalula. Ikhonkrithi iyancipha kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ayinakukhuselwa kodwa ingalawulwa. Kubonakala ukuba yingxaki ebalulekileyo ebusweni bekhonkrithi. Ukukhahlela kungabangela umphumo omnye okanye udibaniso lwezinto, ezifana nokumisa ukutyumba, ukukhawulwa kwamathambo, ukulungiswa kwempahla, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemithwalo. Kwimeko yodonga, ukuba ukuqhekeka akuyiyo imimandla, ayikho inkulu kakhulu ( ububanzi obunamkelekileyo bububanzi kodwa buyahluka ukusuka kwi-1/16 "ukuya ku-1/4 ") kwaye aluyi kuvuza amanzi, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo yamkelekile.

    Ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kunye nokuhla kwekhonkrithe maziqiniseke ukuba:

    • Susa i-topsoil, amabala athambileyo kunye nezinto eziphathekayo kwi-subgrade
    • Gcwalisa yonke indawo evulekile phantsi kwe-slab ye-concrete
    • Sondeza ukuhlaziywa kwamanzi
    • Yenza umdwebo we-concrete ekhonkco ekwazi ukufumana umthwalo kunye nokunyakaza
    • Faka amajoyina ekhonkrithi ngokufanelekileyo, nge-sawing, ukwenza okanye ukusebenzisa i-groove
    • Indawo, ugqibe kwaye uphulukise ikhonkrithi ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemozulu
    • Ungagqiba ikhonkrithi ukuba ingazange igqibe ukuphuma kwegazi
    • Musa ukuphinda usebenze ngaphezu komhlaba
    • Gwema iimeko zokumisa ngokukhawuleza okanye sebenzisa ukudibanisa okuhleliweyo
    • Sebenzisa izikhefu zomoya, i-spog sprays kwaye igubungele ikhonkrithi nge-burlap emanzi
    • Ncitshiswe umxube wamanzi ngokuxuba ubungakanani kunye nomyinge ohlangeneyo kunye nokusebenzisa ubuncinane be-shrinkage
    • Sebenzisa iimbumba zokwenza izinto zokuncedisa ukulawula i-plastic shrinkage
  • 05 - Ingxaki yokukhonkxa: I-Curling

    Ukuphilisa ikhonkrithi kwenzeka xa kukho ukunyuka okunye ngaphantsi xa ikhonkrit ikhuni. Ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokungafani kwomswakama kunye nobushushu phakathi kweendawo eziphezulu kunye nezantsi.

    Ukuze ugweme ukulungiswa kwekhonkco qiniseka ukuba:

    • Sebenzisa iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuphilisa
    • Beka amajoyina ekhonkco ngokufanelekileyo
    • Sebenzisa ikhonkrithi yamanzi ephantsi okanye usetyenzise amanzi okunciphisa izixube
    • Sebenzisa ubukhulu becala obukhulu
    • Qinisekisa ukudibanisa okufanelekileyo xa usebenzisa i mix mix thin
    • Sebenzisa okwaneleyo, kungabi ngokugqithiseleyo, ubuninzi bokuqiniswa kwensimbi kwi-slab
    • Beka ukhonkco kwi-humid kodwa ngaphantsi kwebakala ukwenzela ukuba onke amanzi aphefumlelweyo anganyanzelwanga ukuba abe phezulu kwi-slab