Nangona sifuna ukufunda ngokuphumelela kweempembelelo, apho umrhwebi ephakamisa izigidi zeedola ngokulandela isakhiwo sakhe somphunga, akuyiyo yonke iiprojekthi eziphela ngempumelelo.
Ezinye iiprojekthi zihluleka ukufikelela kwiinjongo zabo zezimali kunye nabanye, nangona emva kokuphakamisa imali abazimisele ukuphakamisa, bazama ukuzisa imveliso.
Sibhalile phambi kokuba ezinye zeeprojekthi ezinkulu eziphambili kunye neempumelelo eziye zaqaliswa zibuhlungu. Njengoko ezinye iikhankaso eziphezulu zilibazisekile. I-Kickstarter isandula kutshintshela kwingcali kwi-crowdfunding, iYunivesithi yase-Pennsylvania ye-Ethan Mollick, ukucacisa ukuba zininzi iinkampani ezixhaswa ngabantu abahluleka ukuhambisa impahla, ngexesha okanye nonke .
Kickstarter:
Ngo-Matshi 2015, samenywa ngumfundi we-Wharton School yaseYunivesithi yasePennsylvania ukuba ancede ukuphendula lo mbuzo. UNjingalwazi uEthan Mollick uyingcali yoshishino kunye nolwazi olutsha olwenza uphando oluzimeleyo luhlola abantu abangaba ngu-500 000 abaxhasi malunga nemiphumo yeprojekthi kunye nesimo senkxaso.
Yiphi iKickstarter Efunyenweyo
UMnuz Mollick uyingxenye yabaphandi abambalwa abaye benza umsebenzi ojulile kwisikhundla se-crowdfunding.
I-Kickstarter igxininise ukuba lophando, owenziwe ngokubambisana ne-Wharton School of Business, yenziwe ngokuzimela kwaye zombini amaqela azinikezele ukupapasha iziphumo zawo, nokuba yintoni na ayenaye . Nantsi oko okufunyenweyo kuphando xa kufike kwimikhankaso ye-crowdfunding ehluleka ukuhambisa:
I-9% yeeprojekthi zeKickstarter zahluleka ukuletha imivuzo
I-8% yeedola ezifungelweyo zaya kwiiprojekthi ezingaphumeleli
I-7% yabalandeli abahlulekile ukufumana umvuzo wabo abakhethiweyo
I-65% yabalandeli abavunyelweneyo okanye bavuma ngokuqinisekileyo ngxelo ukuba "umvuzo wanikelwa ngexesha
Nantsi indlela uNjingalwazi Mollick efingqa ngayo iziphumo zophando lwakhe:
"Abaxhasi beprojekthi kufuneka balindele izinga lokungaphumeleli kweeprojekthi ezili-1 ngo-10, kwaye ufumane imali yokubuyisela imali ye-13% yexesha. Ekubeni ukuhluleka kunokwenzeka kumntu, abadali kufuneka baqwalasele, kwaye bacwangcise, iindlela abaza kusebenza ngazo nabaxhasi xa kwenzeka iphrojekthi ingaphumeleli, ukugcina imigca yonxibelelwano ivulekile kwaye ichaza indlela imali eyichithwe ngayo. Ekugqibeleni, akubonakali ukuba yinkinga echanekileyo ehambelana nokungaphumeleli (okanye ubuqhetseba) kwiKickstarter, kwaye ininzi yeeprojekthi ibonakala inika. "
Ezinye iindawo zineziThatho eziPhakamileyo
Uninzi lwezikhankaso eziza kuxhamla kwi-Kickstarter okanye kwi-Indiegogo zisekhnoloji kunye neendidi zokudlala. Ezinye zale phulo ziye zaphakamisa izigidi zeedola zentengo ephakamileyo yabantu kwiiprojekthi zazo. Uphononongo lubhekisele kwizinga lokungaphumeleli kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zokubambisana ukuze ubone ukuba kukho isifundo esifundayo apho.
Uphando lufumene ukuba amazinga okungaphumeleli kwiiprojekthi kuzo zonke iindidi ezili-15 zokudala zihamba ngaphaya kwecandelo elincinci malunga ne-9%.
Iiprojekthi ezivela kwezinye iindidi zihlala zingaphumeleli kangangoko kuninzi kwabanye, kodwa akukho zikhulu. UMollick ubhekisele kwakhona ukuba imali ngayiphi na yale yale phulo iphakanyisiwe kwaye ifumene ukuba iiprojekthi eziphakanyiswe ngaphantsi kwamaRandi 1000 zahluleka kakhulu kwizinga eliphezulu (malunga ne-14%) kunomyinge (isilinganiso se-9% sokungaphumeleli).
Ekugqibeleni, uMollick wabuza abaphendululwazi ukuba baziva njani ukuba amava abo angayifumani imveliso abaye bayithintela ngayo. Ukungaphumeleli kwakungekho okwaneleyo ukuvimbela abaxhasi ngokupheleleyo kwi-crowdfunding (i-73% yathi bayayibuyisela enye iphrojekthi). Kodwa indlela abadali bamaphulo abaphatha ngayo ukungaphumeleli kwaba nefuthe elikhulu kubaphendulayo.
- kwi-15-20% yamatyala, abaxhasi babika ukuba ukungaphumeleli kwaphathwa kakuhle ngabadali.
- Phantse i-13% yabaxhasi beeprojekthi ezingaphumeleli ezixelwe ukufumana ukubuyiselwa imali okanye enye imbuyekezo evela kumdali
- Kwaye ama-17% avumile okanye avumile ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba baqonda ukuba kutheni le projekthi yahluleka
Kwakukho amatyala awayehlulekayo kwaye kunjalo, abaphenduli babethembele ngokukhawuleza kulo phulo banikezwa ukuba umdali wayiphatha njani ukuhluleka.