Ekubini ii-Big Macs kunye nefries emva koko, sasilungele ukuthatha isabelo esitsha.
Ukususela ekuqaleni kwee-1970, ama-franchise okutya okusheshayo aseMelika aye afikelela kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe ngokuyininzi ngenxa yezinto zoshishino kwamanye amazwe afuna ukuzisa imbono yaseMerika kwilizwe lawo. Kwiintengiso ezininzi zamazwe ngamazwe unikezela inzuzo efanayo kwiinkampani njengoko yenzayo e-US - ukukwazi ukuvumela i-franchisee ilungelo lokusebenzisa uphawu lokuthengisa kunye nenkqubo yokusebenza ngenkxaso yokulawula imiqathango yokusebenza. Ukongeza, i-franchisees inokukunceda ukukhokela i-franchisor ukudala iimveliso kwiimarike zendawo. Hlanganisa nemigangatho ye-franchisor ngolwazi lwe-franchisee yemarike yabo, kwaye abathengi banokulindela amanqanaba afanayo omgangatho kunye nenkonzo, nokuba ngaba izinto kwimenyu zihluke kakhulu.
Namhlanje, ezinye zeemveliso ezaziwa kakhulu kwi-shishini lokutya okukhawulezayo zinenani elikhulu leeyunithi ezingaphandle kwe-US kunokuba zenzeke kwimida ye-United States.
Ngokomzekelo, kukho i-14,344 iMcdonald e-US kunye ne-21,914 zokutya kwihlabathi. Kwii-19,420 ze-KFC ezisetyenziswayo, i-15,029 ikhona ngaphandle kwe-US Kwi- Burger King , inani leendawo zokudlela ezihamba ngehlabathi jikelele zihamba ngaphandle kweendawo zokudlela zase-US kunye ne-7,246 ngaphandle kunye ne-7,126 e-US Inani leendawo zokudlela zasePizza Hut likhulu nakwi-US kunye ne-7,908, kodwa amazwe ngamazwe ayibambe ngokukhawuleza - inani langoku liindawo ezingama-7,697.
Ingxelo yeendawo ezipheleleyo, kunye ne-43,154 zokutyela, iya kwi-Subway. Iindawo zase-US zihlala zingaphezu kwama-26,958 ukuya kuma-16,196 ngamazwe ngamazwe, kodwa i-Earthway Road iyaqhubeka ikhula.
Ezi nkampani zokutya ngokukhawuleza, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-Big Macs kunye ne-Whoppers kunye neebhakethi ze-Chicken Fried, zikhulisa iingcamango zabo kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe? Isithako semfihlelo kwimpumelelo yabo kukuba bayamkela kwaye baxhamle abathengi kwinkcubeko nganye abangena kuyo. Ngoxa banikela abathengi bendawo (kunye nabahambahamba) inkolelo yaseMelika, iinkampani eziye zaphumelela kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe ziye zatshintsha iimenyu zabo kunye nezithako ukuhlangabezana nokukhethwa kwintlobo yabathengi basekuhlaleni, ababa ngabaxhasi babo abathembekileyo.
Izinto ezikhoyo kwiMenyu
Kukho ama-3 100 akwaDunkin Donuts kumazwe angama-30 apha emhlabeni jikelele onikezela ngemveliso ehambelana neemfuno zendawo. Unokuba ne-Blueberry Cobbler Croissant Donut e-Atlanta, okanye uzame ingulube eyomileyo kunye ne-seaweed donut e-China, okanye i-chocolate ye-mango i-Lebanon. Ukuba uhlala eKorea, intandokazi ye-Dunkin i-Grapefruit Coolata.
Ulambile nge pizza? Kukho ama-3,469 angamazwe aseDominino asePaint asekulungele ukuphendula yakho ifowuni. Abathengi baseIndiya bangalalisa i-pizza ye-curry, kwaye abo base-Australia abanenkinga yokufumana i-prawns ne-chinnin kwi pie yabo; ngelixa iJapan, ityhuna yinto eyaziwayo yokupaka kwaye i-pizza yakho ihanjiswa nge-motor scooter.
Enyanisweni, ukutya kwezilwanyana kunye neentlanzi ziyaziwayo kwiAsia. Kakade, i-American jae, i-pepperoni, kunye nama-mushroom ngokuqhelekileyo kwakhona kwimenyu kulabo abafuna amava aseMerika ngokupheleleyo. Uhlobo olufanayo lweemenyu olulungelelaniswayo lufumaneka kwiPizza Hut, apho i-pizza ye-BBQ ifumaneka eHong Kong nase-Iceland, "i-pizzur" ingaba ne-pepper eluhlaza, amakhowa, kunye neentatayi kunomsila we-pizza. Kwa-Pizza Hut pizza eJapan, umyalelo wakho ungabandakanya inkukhu ye-teriyaki, ingqolowa, i-seaweed kunye ne-mayo.
Isicwangciso sokuthengisa emva kokunyuka kwehlabathi likaMcDonald sichazwe ngokucacileyo: banikezela ukulingana kuzo zonke iimarike kwihlabathi apho benza khona ishishini. I-Mac Mac icwecwe iyatholakala yonke indawo, kodwa ePhilippines, iMicSpaghetti iphinde ibe kwimenyu, kwaye i-Teri Tama Burger kunye neTsukimi Burger yonyaka, i-time-limited time in Japan.
Olunye utshintsho kwiimakethe zase-Asia liyakwazi ukutshiza iisisi kunye neprofayile ekhethiweyo eyahlukileyo ebonisa ukukhethwa kweentlobo zaseAsia kwi-Chicken McNuggets okanye enkulu yenkukhu yeMichi.
Kuwo wonke amazwe aseMiddle East, i-bmburger bun bunqatshulwa yintlanzi ye-hamburger. E-Israel, uMcdonald's uye wavula iivenkile zokudlela, ngelixa e-Indonesia nasePakistan, iivenkile zithengiswa iHalal.
Unokufumana ibhiya okanye iwayini ukuhamba kunye nesidlo sakho eMcDonald's eJamani, eBelgium, e-Austria naseFransi. Kananjalo naseFransi, unokukhetha ezintlangeni ezintandathu ze-Macaronsas, ukugqiba okulungileyo kukutya kwakho, okanye eSwitzerland uziphathe kuMcFlurry owenziwe noToblerone. AmaTaliyane angabayala i-burgers yabo ephekwe kwioli yeoli kunye nokuhlotshiswa nge-parmesan ushizi kunye ne-pancetta. Ukubonisa ukuzimisela kwabo kubathengi basekuhlaleni, uMcdonald's uye wavula ikhitshi yokuhlola eYurophu eya kubavumela ukuba baqhube phambili bahlambulule imenyu yabo ukuze bahlangabezane nezinto zokuzonwabisa zendawo.
Iintlanganiso zeNkcubeko
Izinto zeMenyu azikho kuphela izilungelelaniso ezenziwe nguMcdonald's. Olunye utshintsho olufunekayo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeemarike zendawo yindawo yesayizi. Kwiimarike ezininzi zehlabathi, iMicDonald isiselo siselo sisincinci, njengokuba isabelo sefries kunye namaxesha athile. Ezinye iinkampani ezininzi zokutya okukhawulezayo zilandela le ndlela yokunciphisa ubungakanani besahlulo.
Ngowe-1952 uGeorge W. Church yaqalisa iNkukhu yeCawa e-San Antonio, eTexas ngesiginyilo sayo esayinwe ngentsimbi kunye nama-biscuits. Namhlanje kukho indawo ezili-1,650 kumazwe angama-25 apho abantu abathengi banokuyithokozisa inkukhu eyosiweyo efanayo okanye i-Mexicana Wrap eyaziwayo. Umehluko omkhulu - ngaphandle kwamaMerika, iNkukhu yeSonto iyaziwa njengeTexas Chicken. Ukutshintsha igama kwakuyinyathelo elibalulekileyo lokuhlangabeza iinkcubeko kunye nenkolo kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe. Uyilo, uhlobo lwemibala kunye nemibala ye logo lihlala lifana, kodwa igama elithi "Texas" ligqitha igama elithi "iSonto".
Ukuba yiCandelo elixabisekileyo loLuntu lwasekuhlaleni
Ukongezelela ekuhloliseni imenyu yabo ukuba banamathengi abasebenzisi basekhaya, kwaye bahlengahlengise isayizi yabo yesahlulo kunye negama labo ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yenkcubeko yendawo, iinkampani zase-US zihlala zixhasa uluntu lwengingqi kunye nemibutho yokuncedisa ukwakha i-brand kunye nokuseka ukuthengiswa kwemarike. I-Coca-Cola iye yaqhuba kwiiprojekthi ezahlukahlukeneyo zendawo ukuze zibonise ukuzibophezela kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe. EYiputa, iCoca-Cola iye yakha ama-650 okufakela amanzi ahlambulukileyo ukwenzela ukubonelela ngamanzi anokusela kwimimandla yendawo. Inkampani iphinde isebenze inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yiRamadan Meals for the Children ekuboneleleni ukutya kwabantwana ngexesha le Ramadan; le nkqubo iye yaphumelela kakhulu kangangokuba iqhutywa ngokubanzi kuMbindi Mpuma. I-Coca-Cola iphinde ixhaswe yiNkxaso yam yesikolo e-India, inkqubo eyenza ukulungiswa nokuphucula izibonelelo zesikolo kulo lonke ilizwe.
Igama elithi "i-glocalization" liye laqulunqwa ekuchazeni iindlela zonke iinkampani, kungekhona nje ukutya okukhawulezayo, ukulungelelanisa iimveliso zabo, iinkonzo kunye nezenzo zoshishino, iinkqubo kunye neenkqubo zokuhlangabezana neemfuno zeemarike zendawo kuwo wonke umhlaba. Kwixesha lewebhu lewebhu, ubume bentengiso buya kufumaneka lula, kwaye abantu bakwamanye amazwe bahlala bekulindele ukuba bavule umzi wabo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuguqula abo bazama umkhiqizo kumakhasimende abathembekileyo banokufezekisa ngakumbi xa ivenkile zithatha ixesha lokuzivumelanisa nokuthanda izinto zendawo kunye neenkcubeko zenkcubeko.