Nangona i-inshorensi yembuyekezo yempesheni iyimfuneko kumazwe amaninzi, indlela ekuthengiswa ngayo kuyo ivela kwilizwe ukuya kwilizwe. Uninzi luvumela imvume yokuthengiswa kwe-inshorensi yabasebenzi ngamashishini ase-inshurensi yabucala nje kuphela xa abaqhankqalazi behlangabezana neemfuno zezimali zelizwe. Nangona kunjalo, a bambalwa bathi banqabile lo mkhuba.
Urhulumente ngamnye ugcina i-agency ye-compensation regulatory agency, edlalwa ngokuba yi-bureau. Nangona kunjalo, imisebenzi ethile i-bureau yenzayo iyahluka ukusuka kwelinye ilizwe ukuya kwelinye.
States
Iintetho ezinhlanu e-US ziyakwenqabela ukuthengiswa kwe-inshurensi yembuyekezo yomshuwalense ngabanini-mshishino. Kunoko, i-inshurensi yembuyekezo yomshuwalense kufuneka ithengwe kwi-fund yelizwe. Ezi zintlanu zibizwa ngokuba yi- monopolistic states . Ziquka iNorth Dakota, iOhio, iWashington, ne-Wyoming. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, iWest Virginia ne-Nevada nazo zithethwa ngamanye amazwe, kodwa ngoku ziyi-market market.
Kwimibandela emine yodwa, i-fund yelizwe yenza imisebenzi efana ne-bureaus okanye i-NCCI kwamanye amazwe. Imizekelo ngamava kunye nokulawula iiproductible deductible programs .
States NCCI
Phantse kubini kwisithathu selizwe zibizwa ngokuba yi- NCCI kuba zibhalela kwiBhunga likaZwelonke kwiNkxaso-mboleko yeNkxaso-mali .
I-NCCI ivumela abatshutshisi abazimeleyo ukuba bathengise i-inshurensi yembuyekezo yomshuwalense.
Nangona nganye ye-NCCI ithi isebenze i-office compensation compensation office, i-bureau incike kwi-NCCI ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokuphatha. Imisebenzi ethile eyenziwa yi-NCCI ihluke kwilizwe ukuya kutsho. Kwiindawo ezininzi, i-NCCI ilawula ukulinganisa amava , kuquka ukubalwa kwamava okuguqulela amava . Kwakhona iphinda iqhubeke kwaye igcine isigaba kunye nenkqubo yokulinganisa esetyenziswa kwi-NCCI. Ukongeza, i-NCCI idala kwaye ishicilela iifom kunye nokuvumela ukuba abaqhorensi basebenzise ukukhupha imigaqo-nkqubo yembuyekezo.
States ezizimeleyo
Izizwe ezilishumi elinanye kunye neSithili sase-Columbia zibizwa ngokuba zizizwe ezizimeleyo kuba azibhalise kwi-NCCI. Ezi ziquka iCalifornia, iDelaware, i-Indiana, iMassachusetts, iMichigan, iMinnesota, eNew Jersey, eNew York, eNorth Carolina, ePennsylvania naseWisconsin. Amaziko azimeleyo avumela abaqinisekisi bamashishini abucala ukuba bathengise i-inshurensi yembuyekezo yomshuwalense
Elinye lamazwe azimeleyo usebenzisa i-classification yayo kunye nenkqubo yokulinganisa. Ezi nkqubo zihlala zifana nezo ziveliswe yi-NCCI. I-ofisi yokuhlawulela abasebenzi kwilizwe ngalinye yenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukeneyo.
Ngokomzekelo, i-bureau ngokuqhelekileyo ibala ama-modifiers amava, iqokelela i-premium kunye nelahleko yedatha esuka kubashurensi, kwaye ivelise amaxabiso okuhlawula abasebenzi okanye iindleko zokulahlekelwa ezisetyenziswa kwimeko.
ETexas naseKlahoma
I-Texas kunye ne-Oklahoma yizona kuphela izinto ezingafuneki ukuba bonke abaqeshi abazimeleyo bathenge i-inshorensi yokuhlawulela abasebenzi. ITexas ibe "yinkampani yokuphuma" iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu. Qaphela ukuba abaqeshi baseTexas bayadingeka ukuba bathenge i-inshorensi xa bevumelwano kunye noorhulumente. Abaqeshi abangathengi i-inshorensi balahlekelwa zikhuselo ezithile ezibalulekileyo malunga neentlawulo zamagosa ngabasebenzi abalimele . Ngokomzekelo, abakwazi ukuzikhusela ngokwabo ukuba ukunyaniseka komsebenzi okanye ukunyanzelwa komsebenzi wabasebenzi kubangele ukulimala kwabasebenzi. Ukuba balahlekelwa ngumgwebo, abaqeshi abangaqeshwanga bangaba noxanduva lokuhlawulwa kwezigwebo.
I-Oklahoma idlulisele umthetho ngo-2013 ovumela abaqeshi ukuba baxhomekeke kwi-inshorensi ye-inshurensi yabasebenzi. Umthetho uvumela abaqashi ukuba baphume xa bebonelela ngeenzuzo kwabasebenzi abalimele ngaphantsi kwesicwangciso esinye senkxaso. Nangona kunjalo, umthetho wavakaliswa ungahambisani nomgaqo-nkqubo ekuqaleni kuka-2016 yiKhomishoni yokuXhobisa abaSebenzi base-Oklahoma. IKomishoni ithole ukuba iinzuzo ezibonelelwe kubasebenzi ngaphantsi kwezicwangciso ezingezinye zazingaphantsi kunezo zinikezelwe phantsi komthetho wokuhlawulela abasebenzi. Ixesha elizayo lomthetho wokuphuma e-Oklahoma akaqinisekanga.
Ehlelwe nguMarianne Bonner