Indlela esetyenziswa kakhulu yokusekela i-mass mass.
Ukuxhaswa kukusetyenziswa kwindlela yokwandisa isiseko esiphambili okanye ukulungiswa kweziseko eziphosakeleyo. Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba uceba ukufaka ibali kwisakhiwo esele sikhona okanye xa isiseko sonakalisiwe. Esinye isibonakaliso esibonakalayo sokuthi isakhiwo sakho sokwakha sifuna ukusekela xa kubonakala imichilo. Izidingo zokwakha zisekela isiseko sayo xa iintsimbi zibanzi kunama-intshi e-ΒΌ kwaye zikhona ezinye iimpawu zesiseko esingafanelekiyo, ngokukodwa ukutyunjwa kwe-diagonal.
Isaphulelo seSiseko sinokucingwa njengeziseko eziqingqiweyo, iindonga eziqhekekileyo okanye ezixubileyo kunye nezidibaniso eziphantsi komhlaba .
Indlela esetyenziswa kakhulu yokusekela i-mass mass. Le nkqubo idinga ukucanda amacandelo ngokulandelelana kwisiseko sokuqala esisezantsi ngaphantsi kweenyawo kunye nendawo yokukhonkxa emgodini ngamnye. Phinda ulandelelanise kude kube yindawo echaphazelekayo. Kukho ezinye iindlela kunye nobuchule bokuxhaswa ezichazwe kumacandelo alandelayo.
Ukuxhaswa nge-Screw Piles kunye ne-Brackets
Ukuxhaswa ngamacwecwe kunye nezikhonkwane ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa kwezinye iimeko apho inkqubo yenkxaso yesintu ingenakwenzeka. Ezinye izakhiwo zinokufuna ukucubungca kwiindawo ezinzulu okanye mhlawumbi akunakulungele ukusebenzisa i-piling rig ukwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa iifreyiti kunye neebakaki indlela. Iipowuni zesikhokelo kunye neebakaki zingafakwa kuphela ngabantu ababini abasebenza ngesandla okanye usebenzisa izixhobo ezincinci ezifana ne-excavator mini.
Iifomthi zokujiba ziyakwazi ukufakwa kwiziseko ezinokuba namandla okusebenza ngokuxhatshazwa kunye nokunyanzeliswa, ukulwa nemimoya yomoya, kunye nokuxubha kunye ne-shear force. Zilungile xa zisetyenziswe kubakaki bokuxhasa inkxaso. Isakhiwo sinokuphinda siphakanyiswe kwisikhundla sobunzima kunye nesisindo sesiseko esithunyelwe kwi-pier kunye ne-bracket system.
Iifowuni ezijikiweyo zinemivuzo eninzi ngaphezu kweemveli zendabuko, ezifana nesantya sokufakela, ingxolo encinane kunye nokudumala okuncinci okungabangela umonakalo kummandla ojikelezayo.
I-Pile ne-Beam Method
Ukuxhaswa ngeentonga kunye nemisipha yindlela enye ekhethekileyo yokukhetha ukunciphisa ukuhamba. Ukusebenzisa le nkqubo kufuna ukuba i-min-quile imele ifakwe kwicala ludonga oluchaphazelekayo. Emva kokuba iifayile zifakiwe, izitya zezitena zisuswe ngaphantsi kwodonga kunye nekhonkiliti yesaliti eqinisiweyo isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa imilingo nokuxhasa udonga. Ukunciphisa umgama phakathi kwemigodi yesaliti kunokubeka imithwalo ephakamileyo kakhulu. Ukuphatha umthamo wesigxina esisezantsi kuya kugunyazisa inani, ububanzi, ubunzulu, kunye nendawo yokusetyenziswa kwemilingo esetyenzisiweyo. Iipilisi ezixhasayo okanye iipilisi eziqhutywe ngamacala angasetyenziswa ngale ndlela yokuxhasa. Iintlobo zokuxhaswa ngeentonga kunye nemigodi yile:
- Ukulungele ukufikelela okukhawulelwe
- Ngokukhawuleza kunokuba uphuhliso lwendabuko
- Umthwalo ophezulu wokulayisha
- Ukuphazamiseka okungaphantsi, ubuncwane obungaphantsi obuvelisiweyo kwaye bazaliswa ngokukhawuleza
Ukuxhaswa kokusebenzisa i-Piled Raft
Ukuxhaswa nge-raft ekhohliweyo kufuneka kusetyenziswe xa isakhiwo sonke sifanele sixhaswe. Kunconywa xa iziseko zinzulu kakhulu kwezinye iindlela zokuxhasa okanye kwindawo apho umhlaba unzima khona ukuba izixhobo ezincinci azikwazi ukucima ukuze zifune ukujula.
Iipilisi zibekwa kwindawo echongiweyo ngokulayisha iimeko; iipokotshi ezingezantsi kweenyawo ziphukile kwaye ziqiniswe iipilisi zeenaliti zibekwe ukuthwala umthwalo wodonga. Isakhelo somngcebo sakhiwa ukudibanisa zonke iinaliti kunye nesakhiwo sithelwa ngekhonkrithi.
Inzuzo yale nkqubo yile:
- Inikezela ngokusemgangathweni nasekuhambeni ubudlelwane kulo lonke isakhiwo.
- Uqoqosho kwiqondo eliphantsi kune-1.5m.
- Akukho mfuneko yokungena kwangaphandle.
- Iyanciphisa ukuphazanyiswa kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi.
Yintoni ekuxhasayo? Ukuxhasa amacebiso
Ngokuqhelekileyo, le nqubo idinga ukuklanywa okanye iholele ngunjineli wezakhiwo ukuba ibe nemiphumo engcono, kodwa ziyizicwangciso ezimbalwa eziza kunceda ngexesha lokuxhasa.
- Inkqubo yokuxhaswa kufuneka iqalwe ukusuka kwiikona kunye nasezinzibilini zokusebenza.
- Ukuxhaswa kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela kwiindonga ezithwele umthwalo.
- Musa ukunyusa ngaphantsi kweendonga ezingenamthwalo.
- Qala ukuxhaswa ngaphantsi komgca wokuhamba. Kucetyiswa ukuba uqale ubuncinane ubunzima beenyawo ezi-3, ubude beenyawo ezimbini kunye neenyawo ezimbini.
- Emva kokugqitywa kwezinto ezigqityiweyo zenze ikhonkrithi. Ikhonkrithi kufuneka ixutywe ngokusebenzisa enye inxenye yesentim, iinxalenye ezintathu zentlabathi, kunye nezithandathu zeengxenye zecandelo.
- Khumbula ukusebenzisa ifom yomsebenzi kwimida.
- Ikhonkco evunyelwe ukubeka ubuncinane iintsuku ezimbini.
- Sebenzisa intonga yentonga ekuqinisekiseni ukuba isigxina phantsi kwesiseko esele sizaliswe.
- Qinisekisa ukuba ikhonkrithi iyaphiliswa ngokupheleleyo phambi kokuyilayisha.
- Emva kokuba ukhonkrithi ufumene amandla aneleyo, qhekeza umgca wokuhamba.
- Sika ikhonkri ngobunzima bekhonkritsi.
- Ukubuyisela kwakhona kunye nokuhambelana. Ukuba unengxaki ekufezeni ukuhlanganiswa okufunekayo, sebenzisa i-hose ukufaka amanzi emhlabathini.