Ukupapashwa ngokusekelwe kwiNkqubo yokuThengiswa kwabaThengi

I-Intengiso yokuSebenziselwa kweDatha iqala ukuzilawula

NgoJuni ka-2012, i -New York Times yashicilela isihloko esinegama elinokuthi uthengisa: UkuMapeka, kunye nokwabelana, iGomome yabathengi ebhalwe nguNatasha Singer, intatheli ye-Times. Le nqaku ibonisa umthengisi wedatha igama elithi Acxiom e-Conway, Arkansas. I-Acxiom yachazwa ngu-Singer njenge -giant calant-quiet-word word since the few few consumers have ever heard of the company, yiba yodwa ingqalelo ukuba inkampani ithatha inxaxheba kwi shishini-mali yeebhiliyoni ezibizwa nge- marketing marketing idatha enkulu.

UkuThengiswa kweDatha

Uphando lwentengiso lunxulumene nolwalamano lwentsapho kwaye luyinkwenkwe yomntwana wasendle. Ukuthengiswa kwedatha - okubizwa ngokuba yi-advertising advertising okanye i-advertising-based based advertising-skirts inkqubo yokuqokelela ulwazi ngomthengi kumthengi, ngendlela yovavanyo lwemveli yemarike. Kunoko, ulwazi lwabathengi luhlanganiselwe ngokuziphatha komthengi kwaye, ngokubanzi, yonke inkqubo ifihliwe kumsebenzisi.

Abathengi abaphengulula i-Intanethi baye bajwayele ukungena kweentengiso ezidalwe yi-cookies ezithatha kwiikhomputha zazo. Abaninzi abaselula, abemi bezedijithali banamhlanje baye bakhuthazwa ngakumbi ukuba babe nolwazi lwabo lomntu olusasazwa kwiWebhu. Enyanisweni, bayakhawuleza ukubuza: "Yintoni na ingxaki? Ukuba umntu ufuna ukwazi ukuba ndiyityelele ukutya okukhawuleza, ndiyiphi iinqebana zithenga ndizithenga, kwaye yintoni umculo endikhuphelayo, kutheni ndifanele undikhathalele?" Isimo sengqondo esilaphukileyo asibonakali sakhula ngokukhawuleza kwabemi abadala behlabathi.

Amanye amalungu asekuhlaleni angakhumbula iziganeko xa ulwazi lomntu siqu lisetyenziselwa ukulimaza iimpendulo kunye nemisebenzi yabantu. Aba bathengi baqondakala ngokukhawuleza ukufudumala kwizinto abazibonayo njengezizukulwana ezingaphezulu kunye nenkcubeko.

Ngo-2010, i-Federal Trade Commission yashicilela ingxelo ebizwa ngokuba yi- Protecting Consumer Privacy kwi-Era ye-Rapid Change , eyona nto eyayisungula iindlela ezifanelekileyo kunye neziphakamiso kwiinkampani zorhulumente kunye neteknoloji ngokuphathelele ubumfihlo be-intanethi kunye nokuchithwa kwedatha.

Kungekudala emva kokukhishwa kwengxelo yokuqala, iziphakamiso zaguqulwa ukubonisa intlawulo ngokukhawuleza apho iindaba zobumfihlo zedijithali zikhulayo. I-Federal Trade Commission yafumana amazwana angaphezu kwama-450 kwiingcebiso zokuqala ezifunyenwe kubaxhasi kunye neengcali. Imimandla emithathu yayijoliswe ekuhlaziyweni.

Ubume njengoko kuboniswe ngubungakanani beenkampani, xa abathengi banikezwa ngokukhetha malunga nendlela idatha yabo isetyenziswa ngayo, kunye nokubonelela kwabasebenzisi ukuba bafumane idatha yebodwa esetyenziswe ngabadayisi beedatha. Ngokukodwa, amashishini amancinci ngokubanzi akhululwe ekusebenziseni isakhelo esona sikhokelo, ukuba abaqokeleli kwaye badlulisele idatha engabonakaliyo kubasebenzisi abangaphezu kwama-5 000 ngonyaka. Ukongezelela, iinkampani kufuneka zithathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo kunye nedatha eya kubangela ukuchongwa kwe-de-identification, ayiyi kuphinda ichonge idatha, kwaye ayiyi kuvumela abasebenzisi abangaphantsi kokuhlaziya idatha.

Iindlela eziPhambili

Ngokutsho kweengcebiso ezilungileyo, ukubonelelwa kwabasebenzisi ngokubhekiselele ekusebenziseni iinkcukacha zabo kwiimeko kunye nohlobo lokuthengiselana, kunye nohlobo lwaluphi na ulwalamano olukhoyo kunye nenkampani, okanye njengagunyazisiwe ngokomthetho. Iingcebiso ezilungileyo ezijoliswe kubathengisi beedatha zikhonjiswe: ukunyuswa kufuneka kunyuswe.

I-Federal Trade Commission isekela umthetho ukuqinisekisa ukuba abathengi banokufumana ulwazi olugcinwe ngabadayisi beedatha. Ukongeza, i-Federal Trade Commission yabiza abadayisi beedatha ababonelela ngeenkcukacha zabathengi kubathengisi ukuba baqwalasele ukuphuhlisa i-website engundoqo ekuncediseni ukufikelela kwimfihlo yabathengisi beenkcukacha, kwaye banikezele ukuba bathengise indlela yokusebenzisa idatha yabo.

Ngenye inaphambili, iSebe lezoRhwebi kunye ne-Federal Trade Commission liye laqonda ukuba iNdibaniso yokuThengiswa kweDigital (DAA) iqalile ukuphumeza isicwangciso sokongeza ii-header based based headers eziya kubavumela abathengi ukuba bachaze ukhetho lwabo malunga nendlela idatha eqokelelwa ngayo, kwabelwana, kwaye isetyenziswe. Le nkqubo ye-DAA Yokuzilawulayo yinyathelo eliphambili ekuhlangabezaneni nemigangatho yokuziphatha echazwe yi-Federal Trade Commission yabathengisi beedatha.

Ikhonkco ebonakalayo ngokukhawuleza yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kwisicwangciso solawulo lwababathengi ababenxulumene nabo. Ifundwa ngokulula: Ikhasi lokuThengwa kwabathengi kwaye liquka indawo ekhangelekayo kwi-icon. Ukuchofoza kwi-icon kuzisa abathengi kwiphepha elichaza indlela inkqubo isebenza ngayo kwaye inikezela iqhosha ukuchofoza (ngoku) iiphequluli ezintathu: Google Chrome, FireFox, kunye ne-Intanethi Explorer v. 1.1. Uninzi lwemibutho enkulu yokuthengisa kunye nemidiya e-United States iye yajoyina umzamo wokuqalisa inkqubo yokuzilawula. I-catalyst yolu tshintsho yincwadi ebizwa ngokuba yi- Self-Regulatory Principles yokuThengiswa kweNtsebenziswano ye-Intanethi ephuma kumanyano kwaye ichaza iindlela abathengi abanokufumana ngayo ukulawula ngaphezulu kweentengiso zokuziphatha okanye ukukhangisa okusekelwe kumdla. Izinkampani ezithatha inxaxheba ziye zavuma ukuzinikela okwabelwanayo ukunikezela inkqubo efanelekileyo kunye neyobungqina yesaziso kunye nokukhethwa kwabathengi ekukhangiseni ukuziphatha kwe-intanethi nasekuphuculeni ukuzithemba kwabathengi kwi-intanethi .