I-multimeter, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-volt-ohm meter, ngumhloli ogcinwe ngesandla usebenzise ukulinganisela umbane wombane, uhla (umthamo), ukumelana kunye nezinye izinto. I-Multimeters ivela kwiinguqu ze-analog ne-digital kwaye zinokubaluleka kuyo yonke into ukusuka kumvavanyo elula, njengokulinganisa umbane webhethri, ukufumana iimpazamo kunye nokuxilongwa okuxilisayo. Ziyodwa yezixhobo ezikhethiweyo ngababanezixhobo zombane ukujongana neengxaki zombane kwiimoto, izixhobo, iisekethe, ukunikezela amandla, kunye neenkqubo zokucwangcisa .
I-DIYers nayo ingafunda ukusebenzisa i-multimeters yezilinganiso ezisisiseko malunga nendlu.
Analog Multimeters
I-multimeter yesi-analog isekelwe kwi-microammeter (isisombululo esilinganisela ukulungiswa kwempahla, okanye ikhoyo ngoku) kunye nenaliti ehamba ngezinga eliphumelele. Iimitha-multimeters ze-Analog zibiza kakhulu kunezidibanisa zabo zedijithali kodwa kunokuba nzima kubabasebenzisi abathile ukuba bafunde ngokuchanekileyo. Kwakhona, kufuneka ziphathwe ngononophelo kwaye zingonakaliswe ukuba zidibene.
Iimitha-mitha ze-Analog ngokuvamile azichanekanga njengezidijithi xa zisetyenziswe njenge-voltmeter. Nangona kunjalo, i-multimeters ye-analog ikulungele ukufumana ukutshintsha kweendleko ezitshintshileyo ngenxa yokuba unokubukela inaliti ehamba phezu kwesikali. Abahloli be-Analog bavelele xa bebekwe njengama-ammeters, ngenxa yokumelana kwabo okuphantsi kunye novelwano oluphezulu, kunye nezikali ukuya kuma-50μA (50 microamperes).
Digital Multimeters
Iimodemitha zeDivithali zihlobo oluqhelekileyo olukhoyo kwaye ziquka iinguqulelo ezilula kwakunye neendlela eziphambili zeenjineli zekhompyutha.
Esikhundleni senaliti ehambayo kunye nesilinganisi kumitha ye-analog, amamitha adijithali anika ukufundwa kwesikrini seLCD. Bavame ukubiza ngaphezu kweemaltimeters ze-analog, kodwa ulwahlulo lwamaxabiso luyingcipheko phakathi kweenguqulelo ezisisiseko. Abahloli abaphambili babiza kakhulu.
Iimitha zokudibanisa zeDivimenti ngokuqhelekileyo zibhetele kune-analog kumsebenzi we-voltmeter, ngenxa yokuchasana okuphezulu kwedijithali.
Kodwa kubasebenzisi abaninzi, inzuzo ephambili yokuvavanya idijithali yincwadi efundwayo yokufunda idijithali elula kwaye echanekileyo.
Ukusebenzisa i-Multimeter
Imisebenzi ebalulekileyo kunye nokusebenza kwemimitha-mitha zifana nezobuchwepthi zedijithali kunye ne-analog. Umhloli unamabini amabomvu anobomvu kunye namathathu. Amaplagi amnyama ahamba phambili kwi "port" eziqhelekileyo. Iibhugi ezibomvu zokukhokela kuzo zonke ezinye izibuko, kuxhomekeke kumsebenzi oyifunayo. Emva kokungena kwi khokelo, uvula i-knob phakathi kwendawo yokuvavanya ukuba ukhethe umsebenzi kunye nebala elifanelekileyo lovavanyo oluthile. Ngokomzekelo, xa iqhosha libekwe kwi-20V DC, umhloli uya kubona i-DC (ngokuthe ngqo yangoku) umbane ukuya kwi-volts ezingama-20. Ukulinganisa iminyango emincinci, ubeka i-knob kwi-2V okanye kwi-200mV ububanzi.
Ukuze uthathe ukufunda, uthinte isalathisi esingenanto esicacileyo ekupheleni kwesinye ngasinye ukukhokelela kwelinye lamaspala okanye iingcingo eziza kuvavanywa. I-voltage (okanye enye ixabiso) iya kufundwa kumhloli. Ii-Multimeters zikhuselekile ukusetyenziswa kwizijikelezo ezixhotyisiweyo kunye nezixhobo, ngaphandle kokuba umbane okanye okwangoku awugqithisi ukulinganiswa okuphezulu komhloli. Kwakhona, ungalokothi uthintane neengcipheko zetsimbi ezingenanto zenza uvavanyo olunamandla.
ImiSebenzi yeMimitha
I-Multimeters ikwazi ukufunda ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kumzekelo.
Abahloli basisiseko balinganisa umbane, ukuxhamla, nokuxhathisa kwaye kunokusetyenziswa ukujonga ukuqhubeka, uvavanyo olulula ukuqinisekisa ubungqingili obupheleleyo. Iimitha-mitha eziphambili ezongezelelekileyo zingavavanya kuwo onke amanani alandelayo:
- I-AC (ukutshintshana kwangoku) i-voltage kunye ne-amperage
- DC (i-current direct) i-voltage kunye ne-amperage
- Ukuchasana (ohms)
- Amandla (iifama)
- Ukuziphatha (i-siemens)
- Decibels
- Isekile yomsebenzi
- Ukuphindaphinda (Hz)
- Ukuziphatha (i-henrys)
- Ukushisa kweCelsius okanye iFahrenheit
Izixhobo okanye iinkonzo ezikhethekileyo zinokuqhotyosheliswa kwezinye iimitha-mitha zokufunda okungeziwe, njenge:
- Izinga lokukhanya
- Acidity
- I-Alkalinity
- Isivinini somoya
- Ubuntu bezizalwane