Nge-buzzword "Ukuzinza" ukuhamba ngeenxa zonke, kuye kwaba nzima ukuhlula phakathi kokuhlola okusingqongileyo okukhoyo phakathi kwethu. Uhlolo lojikelezo lobomi, uhlalutyo lokukhawulwa kwekhabhoni, ukuhlalutya kwamanzi , iirekhodi ze-CSR, uvavanyo lweVOC, uvavanyo lwengozi lwendalo, uluhlu luqhubeka kwaye luqhubeke. Uvavanyo lojikelezo lobomi kunye nohlalutyo lokukhawulwa kwekhabhoni yilezi zimbini eziqhelekileyo kwezi zi vavanyo.
Kukho inani lokufana kunye nokwahlukana phakathi kwezi zibini.
Ezi ndlela ziphambili kwiibango eziluhlaza kunye nokuqonda ukuluhlaza . Masibe nokuqonda okucacileyo malunga nobabini kwezi vavanyo ezimbini ukuqonda ukufana nokungafani:
Uhlalutyo lweCarbon Footprint
Uhlalutyo lweCarbon Footprint, olubizwa ngokuba nguVavanyo lwe-Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessment, luhlalutya i-greenhouse gas emissions by the production of a product or any activity that contributes to the warming of the world. Okokuqala kukho konke ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, i-sulfurhexafluoride, kunye neemethane zihlolwa. Emva kokufunyanwa kwemveliso, uvavanyo luguqula umphumo kwi-carbon dioxide equals (CO2e). Ucwangciso lwe-GHG, i-ISO DS 14067 kunye ne-PAS 2050. Iprojekthi ye-GHG iyona nto isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkampani zorhwebo kunye noorhulumente ukuqonda, ukulinganisa nokulawula ukukhutshwa kwe-GHG.
Iquka imigangatho emine eyahlukileyo:
Imveliso yokuPhathwa kweeNkcazo zoBomi kunye neNkcazo yokuBazisa: Lo mgangatho uquka ukuqonda umjikelezo wokuphila kwemveliso ye-GHG, kuqukwa izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ezisetyenziswayo, ukuveliswa, ukuhanjiswa kunye nokulahlwa kwi-LCA yeMveliso.
Ixabiso leCandelo loCwangciso lweeNkcazo kunye neNkcazo yokuBala: Lo mgangatho ukhankanywe kwimibutho okanye kumashishini ukuba ahlalutye yonke ikheyithi yexabiso kunye nokubala iimpembelelo zezemvelo ngokuchithwa kwe-GHG ngenani lexabiso.
Umgangatho uquka ukuchonga iindlela ezinokwenzeka zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-GHG.
IProjekti ye-Akhawunti yeeNkcazo kunye neziKhokelo: Lo mgangatho usetyenziswa ukuhlola ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-GHG ngamaphiko anikeziweyo.
Iimali zeeNkcazo zeNkcazo kunye neMigangatho yokuBika: Oku kungaphezulu okanye kufana ne-LCA yenhlangano. Kujoliswe kwimibutho / kumashishini kwaye isetyenziselwa ukuhlola ukukhutshwa kwe-GHG kwimisebenzi yokusebenza kunye nemisebenzi.
Yonke into ine-carbon carprint. Ngoko, i-carbon footprint ingabelwa umkhiqizo, isityalo sokuvelisa, kunye nenhlangano okanye ishishini.
Uvavanyo lokuSebenza koBomi (LCA)
I-LCA ihlalutye ngokuchanekileyo iimpembelelo ezininzi zeemeko zemveliso, umsebenzi okanye inkqubo phezu komjikelezo wobomi wale mveliso, umsebenzi okanye inkqubo. Sekudlulileyo iminyaka engaphezu kwe-30 ngoku. Uhlalutyo lwe-Carbon ngokukhawuleza luyi-subset yovavanyo olupheleleyo lokujikeleza ubomi lwemveliso, umsebenzi okanye inkqubo. Imigangatho engundoqo malunga ne-LCA yi-ISO 14044 kunye ne-ISO 14040. Njenga-carbon footprint, i-LCA inokwenzelwa imveliso, inkonzo, iphrojekthi kunye nentlangano. Iindidi zokuhlola ezininzi phantsi kwe-LCA ziquka impembelelo ekunciphisweni kwemithombo yemvelo, utshintsho lwemozulu, ukuchithwa kwendalo kunye nempilo yabantu.
I-LCA, ngaphezu kwe-GHG, ithatha ukukhutshwa kwendalo kunye nazo zonke ezinye izinto eziphathekayo kulo lonke ujikelezo lobomi kwaye zivavanya zonke iimpembelelo ezichanekileyo nezingachangekanga kwimeko. Ngaloo ndlela, i-LCA yi-"Multi-Criteria" uhlalutyo oluvavanya iimpembelelo ezininzi zendalo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Carbon footprint isisiseko sokuhlalutya kwe-Mono-criterion njengoko kugxininisa kwimpembelelo eyodwa kuphela yendalo, ukutshintsha kwemozulu kwintlawulo ye-GHG.
Bobabini ukuhlalutya kuxhomekeka kwiindlela ezifanelekileyo zokulinganisa. Eyona nto, "iyunithi esebenzayo", okanye impembelelo yemo engqongileyo yemveliso, inkqubo okanye umsebenzi, isebenza njengesiseko sovavanyo kwaye iququzelele ukufaniswa phakathi kweemveliso, inkqubo kunye nomsebenzi okanye nayiphi na into ekhankanywe apha ngasentla eneeyunithi zokusebenza ezifanayo.
Le mihla, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zekhompyutheni kunye neenjongo zokuhlola ze-LCA ezingasetyenziselwa ukuba zibe neengcamango eziqhelekileyo malunga nemimandla engqongileyo yemveliso, inkqubo, umsebenzi, ishishini okanye iphrojekthi. http://www3.epa.gov/carbon-footprint-calculator/ kunye http://www.lcacalculator.com/ ngaba ezimbini ababalaseleyo ababala abafumaneka kwi-intanethi.
Iingxelo
http://www.incpen.org/displayarticle.asp?a=16&c=2
http://www.empreintecarbonequebec.org/en/empreinte_carbone_acv.php#.VeUAViWqqko
http://earthshift.com/blog/2014/02/what-s-difference-between-carbon-footprint-and-lca