Ukubaluleka koMbane kunye nokuThuthukiswa koMculo obalulekileyo
Ukubuyiswa kwakhona kwezinto zobugcisa kubaluleke kakhulu ekuchithweni kwenkunkuma kunye nokuxhasa amaqhinga okuhlaselwa komhlaba. Kwakhona kubaluleke kakhulu, i-electronics recycling iyakunceda ukuphelisa i-scraper scrap.
Nangona iyingcipheko encinci yenkunkuma, ibonisa iipesenti ezingama-70 zeenkunkuma ezinobuthi.
E-US, malunga nezigidi ezi-4.4 zeetoni zokuphela kokuphila kunye nemveliso yecomputer zenziwa kwakhona ngonyaka. Inika imithombo enobuncwane ngakumbi kunokwanda kwezinto ezintle. Enyanisweni, i-ISRI ithi igolide eninzi inokukhishwa kwiitoni enye yamakhompyutha andala njengoko inokuvela kwiitoni ezi-17 ze-ore.
Le e-nkunkuma inomthombo ocebileyo weesinyithi ezixabisekileyo - kunye namaxesha angaphezu kwama-40 ukuya kuma-50 amaninzi kunokuba iifomiti zenzeke ngokwemvelo. Kukho ngaphezu kweetoni ezingama-320 zegolide kunye nangaphezulu kweetoni ezi-7 500 zesilivere ezisetyenziswe ngamnye kunyaka ukwenza izinto ezintsha ze-elektroniki emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngenxa yoko, kunezigidi ezingaphezulu kweedola ezili-21 zeemali ezinqwenelekayo ezisetyenzisiweyo kulezi zixhobo - i-$ 16 billion zegolide kunye ne-5 billion yexabiso zesiliva, de kube yinto apho ingahlaziywa khona. I-carbon carbon footprint yezinto zombini kunye neeplastiki ezifunyenwe ngokuphinda zenziwe ngokutsha ziyingcinci kunokuba zivelise izinto ezifanayo kwimithombo yamantombazana.
Ukubuyiselwa kwezi zinyithi ezixabisekileyo akuyiyo ncinane. Nangona isibonelelo samanje sokuphinda siphinde siphumelele singaphinda siphinde sibe nama-95 ekhulwini wegolide, kumazwe asakhulayo, iinkqubo eziqeshwe kakubi zingayifumana kuphela i-50 ekhulwini yale nsimbi.
Ngokubanzi, ukuhlaziywa kwamanani e-e-waste okwenziwe ngokutsha kuncinci.
Umzekelo, ngo-2009 i-US EPA yabika ukuba kuphela iipesenti ezisibhozo zeefowuni zaphindiswa kwakhona, kunye neepesenti ezingama-17 zee-TV, kunye neepesenti ezingama-38 zeekhomputha. Ayanele ngokwaneleyo iifowuni zifumana indlela yazo yokubuyisela izinto kwakhona, kwaye kulabo abenzayo, azikho izitye ezaneleyo ezifunyenwe kuzo zixhobo, kwihlabathi lonke. Ukubuyiswa kwezinto kubangelwa kuphela ukuphucula i-10 ukuya kwi-15 yeepesenti yonke igolide egcinwe kwi-e-waste. Amanye alahlekile.
Eli nqanaba eliphantsi lokuphinda livuselele imfuno yenkqubo yokunceda ukuphucula izibonelelo ezixabisekileyo. Oku kuya kwenziwa nge:
- Iipolisi ezikhuthaza ukuyila ukulungiswa kwakhona
- Iipolisi kunye neenkuthazo zokwandisa izinga lokubuyisela i-e-scrap, ukukhuthaza uluntu ukuba liphinde libuyele ekupheleni kwezixhobo zobomi kunokuba zigcinwe kwiindawo zokuhlala-apho kukho i-75 ekhulwini yezinto zokugqibela zokuphila eziqikelelwa ukuba zibalwa
- Ukuthintela ukuthunyelwa kwe-e-scrap kumazwe aya kusebenzisa iinkqubo ezibangelwa ukuhlawula okuphantsi
- Ukukhuthaza utyalo-mali kwiindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuba ukuphucula kuya kukhuliswa kumazwe aphuhlisiwe kunye namazwe asakhulayo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwe-E-Waste
Inkqubo yokubuyiswa kwakhona ihluka phakathi kwamagunya. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-e-scrap kubandakanya amanyathelo aseprayimari nesekondari.
Kwinqanaba eliphambili, izixhobo zombane zidibaniswe okanye zichithwe, kwaye izixhobo zihlanjululwe. Ukuqhutyelwa kokuqhutyelwa phambili kuqhubeka, ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswe izixhobo zokuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona. Oku kunokubandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokucubungula nokuhlela izinto ngokusetyenziswa kwamagnetti, izikrini, kunye ne-current eddy. Inkqubo yokufumba isetyenziselwa ukukhulula izitye ezixabisekileyo kwizinto zecomputer.
Enye intsha ethembisa ukuthembisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokungazenzisiyo ibuyise igolide kwiinkqubo zecomputer, enefuthe elingqongileyo lokusingqongileyo. Inkqubo yabo isebenzisa isisombululo - i-acetic acid kunye nexabiso elincinci le-oxidant kunye nelinye i-asidi, abaphandi bathi bayichitha igolide kwizinga elikhawulezayo eliye laziwa. Kwakhona kwinqaku, i-Apple yabika ngo-Apreli 2016 ukuba ibuye ibuyele i-2,204 iibhi zegolide kunyaka odlulileyo, ixabiswe kwiidola ezingama-40.
Kwixesha elizayo, umlambo wamanzi namhlanje uya kubonwa njengethuba lokubuyisela izinto, umphumo obalulekileyo njengoko silwela ukuzinza .