Ubungqina bemiSebenzi kwiShishini seBhalansi yeShishini
Ubulungisa kunye noBulungisa beMnini
Igama elithi " ubulungisa " lithetha ixabiso okanye lifanelekileyo. Ikwabanokuthi ubunikazi.
Ngendlela eqhelekileyo yokujonga ubulungisa, qwalasela ixabiso lentetho kunye nenani elihlawulwa ngalo xabiso. Okushiywe ngaphezulu kulinganayo. Ngokomzekelo, ukulingana kwi-real estate kuthetha inxalenye yexabiso lepropati engeyona imali yemboleko. Ngoko ke, ukuba ipropati ixabiswa okanye ifunyenwe kwi-100,000 yeeRandi, kwaye imali-mboleko-i-inqununu yangoku-eyi-80,000 yezigidi, ukulingana ngu-20,000.
Ubulungisa bumnini bubunini bomnini (ubulungisa) kwishishini, oko kukuthi, inani lempahla yezoshishino ezinomnini-shishini. Enye indlela yokujonga le ngcamango kukuthi ukulingana komnini kwishishini ngumlinganiselo umnini otyalombileyo kwishishini ngaphandle kwemali umnini ayenzile kwishishini ngendlela yokudweba-kungekho njengomvuzo. A
Unokufumana isixa semali yomnini kwishishini ngokujonga kwibhalansi. Ngakwesobunxele zizinto, ixabiso leyiphi ibhizinisi. Ngakwesokudla phezulu ziimatyala , yintoni ehlawulwa yoshishini, kunye nobulungisa bomnini: oko kushiywe ngaphezulu.
Jonga ngezantsi ngencazelo epheleleyo yebhanki.
Inzala
Inzala yobulungisa bunomdla wobunini kwiziko lezoshishino, ukusuka kumgaqo wobulungisa njengobunini. Abanini-zimali banomdla wokulingana; ukuthengwa kwezabelo zesitokhwe kwi-corporation kubanika inxaxheba yobunini boshishino.
Inzala yemali ibonakala ngokungafani nentshisekelo yemboleko kwimali-mboleko eyenziwa ngabathengi kwi-shishini.
Ulwabiwo-mali lwabaMnini
Ubulungisa bumnini bonyuka ngo- (a) ukwandiswa kwemali yenkxaso yemali, okanye (b) ukwanda kwintlawulo yoshishino. Oku kukhulu, kodwa ngokuyinqobo, indlela yokulingana / ubunini bomnini-mali ingakhula ngokutyalomali imali emashishini, okanye ngokunyusa inzuzo ngokuthengisa ukwanda nokunciphisa iindleko. Ukuba umnini-shishini ususa imali kwi-equity equity, ukurhoxiswa kuthathwa njengenzuzo enkulu kwaye umnini kufuneka ahlawule irhafu yerhafu kwi-retraction.
Ubunikazi Boshishino kunye neeNkcazo zeMali
Umnini ngamnye we-shishini unalo i-akhawunti eyahlukileyo ebizwa ngokuthi "i- akhawunti enkulu " ebonisa ubunikazi bakhe kwishishini. Ixabiso lazo zonke iindleko zentlawulo yabo bonke abanikazi bubungakanani bomlingani ngokupheleleyo kumashishini.
Ngokomzekelo, masithi uTom uqala ishishini kwaye ubeka i-$ 1,000 kwi-akhawunti yakhe yokujonga kunye nekhomputha exabisekileyo kwi-$ 1,000. Le mali eyi-$ 2,000 ebizwa ngokuba yimali eyinkunzi yenkxaso njengoko uTom uncedise inkunzi ngendlela yemali kunye nepropati kwishishini.
Ngenyanga ezayo, uTom uthatha umdwebo ukusuka kwishishini kwimali eyi-$ 500.
Ngoko umlingani wakhe womnatha unemali eyi-1,500 eyokugqibela kwinyanga yesibini. Ukuba nelungelo lomnini ongalungileyo xa umnikazi ethatha imali engaphezulu kweshishini kunokuba unikwe inxaxheba.
Ubungakanani bemibo-mboleko buboniswe kwiShishini seBhalansi yeShishini
Ubungakanani bumnini benguqu buhamba phezu kwexesha, kwaye luboniswa ekupheleni kwenyanga-mali, kwikota, okanye kunyaka-kwiphepha lokulinganisela ishishini. Ukubala kokulingana komnini kuyimpahla engaphantsi kwamatyala. Kwimzekelo elula, ukuba ixabiso lempahla yoshishino liyi $ 3.5 yezigidi kwaye iindleko zebhanki zizonke ziyi-$ 2.5 yezigidi, ubulungisa bomnini ngu-1 million yezigidi. Njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, iphepha lokulinganisela ibhankanya libonisa ixabiso kwi-asele kunye namatyala kunye nokulingana komnini ngakwesokudla.
Kwi-balance sheet, ubulungisa bomnini buboniswa njengemali enomzuzwana ngethuba elithile ngexesha, ngokuqhelekileyo ekupheleni kwenyanga, kwikota, okanye ngonyaka.
Isixa semali esivela kumnini-mali ekubambeni kunye nokuthatha imali ngaphandle kweshishini. Ubulungisa bumnini bubonakaliswe ngokuhlukileyo kwintlobo nganye yezoshishino:
- Kwi- proprietorship yedwa okanye ubambiswano, kuboniswa njenge-akhawunti yomnini okanye inkunzi yebhanki kwikharityhulam.
- Kwinkampani, ibonakaliswa njengengeniso egcinweyo, eyona nto ibanjwe ngumnini-mali egcinwe kwishishini ukuze isetyenziswe ukukhula kwezoshishino.