Funda ngeLinux kunye nePenguin

I-Linux iyona-OS esetyenziswa kakhulu

Isetyenziswe ngemvume evela kuLewing@isc.tamu.edu kunye ne-GPL (i-GNU General Public License)

I-Linux yinkqubo yokuvula imithombo evulekile (OS) kwiikhompyutheni zobuqu, iinkonzo kunye nezinye iiplatifti zehardware ezisekelwe kwinkqubo yokusebenza yase Unix. I-Linux yasekuqaleni yenziwe nguLinus Torvalds njengendlela yokusebenza ekhethiweyo yamahhala kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-Unix ezibiza.

I-Linux ikhule ukusuka ekudalweni kwayo ngenxa yeengcambu zayo ezivulekile. Isofthiwe yomthombo evulekile ilayisenisi ngokukhululekile kwaye abasebenzisi banokukopisha baze batshintshe ikhowudi.

Oku kukhuthazwayo ukukhuthaza ukuphuculwa koyilo. Kukho iinkqubo ezininzi zokusebenza ezisebenzisa i-kernel ye Linux. Ezi ziquka:

I-Linux idume phakathi kwabasebenzisi bekhompyutha be-technic savvy ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo nokuthembeka. I-platform-cross-compatible, isebenza kwidesktops, ii-laptops, iinkonzo, izixhobo eziphathekayo, kunye neengqungquthela zemidlalo, iipilisi kunye nabaphambili. Ngenxa yoko, i-OS ye-Linux ifumaneka kwiindidi eziphathekayo zee-hardware. Nangona kunjalo, ii-PC ezimbalwa kunye nee-PC zifakwe kwi-Linux njengenkqubo yokusebenza. Iinkqubo eziphambili kakhulu zokusebenza zeekhompyutheni zobuqu zi-Microsoft Windows kunye ne-Apple iOS.

I-Kernel isebenza njengoxhumano phakathi kweKharityhulam kunye neSoftware

Igama elithi "kernel" lithetha kwinkqubo yekhompyutheni yenkqubo kwinkqubo yokusebenza. Ilawula yonke into eyenzeka kwinkqubo. I-kernel isebenza njengoxhumano phakathi kwe-hardware kunye nesofthiwe yenkqubo yekhompyutha, kwaye yinkqubo yokuqala elayishwe ngexesha lokuqalisa.

I-kernel ihlala kwicandelo elikhuselekile lememori yenkqubo ukukhusela ukuba lingabonakali. Ukusuka apho, i-kernel ilawula ukunikezelwa kwememori, ukufakelwa kwesoftware kunye nezicelo zokuphuma, kunye ne-central unit unit processing (CPU).

Amadivaysi kunye neMibutho Esebenzisa iLuxux

Amacebo amaninzi, iinkqubo kunye nemibutho zisebenzisa i-kernel ye Linux njenge-OS.

Abaninzi basebenzisa iLuxux kumaseva abo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ezi ziinguqulelo ze-Linux eziguqulelwe, ezilungiselelwe izidingo ezithile neemfuno ezithile zomsebenzisi.

Ngokomzekelo, kuthiwa iSebe laseNtsholongwane laseUnited States ngumsebenzisi omkhulu we Linux njenge-OS. Ulawulo lwe-Federal Aviation Administration lelinye iqumrhu elikhulu likarhulumente wase-US elisebenzisa i-Red Hat Linux system operating system. Inkonzo yeposi ye-US kunye ne-US Federal Court isebenzise kwakhona amaseva aqhuba iiLuxux.

Imibutho yezemali iye yaphendukela kwiinkqubo zokusebenza ezisuka kwi-Linux. I-New York Stock Exchange iqhuba i-Red Hat Enterprise Linux kwi-platform yayo yokuthengisa, umzekelo. Ukukhangela kwe-Google kunye nezicelo ezininzi zakhiwe kwi-Ubuntu Linux. I-Android ye-Android yesikhulumi sezixhobo zeselula nayo yakhiwe kwi-Linux. Ezinye iinkampani kunye nemibutho esebenzisa iLuxal zibandakanya:

Linus Torvalds

ULinus Torvalds uyi-engineer software yaseFinland-American kunye nomdali wokuqala kunye nomthuthukisi we-Linux OS kernel. Wazalelwa ngoDisemba 28, 1969, waya kwiYunivesithi yaseHelsinki apho wafumana i-degree kwi-computer yesayensi.

I-Linux Penguin Logo

Umfanekiso wepenguin (echazwe apha kweli nqaku) yi-mascot esemthethweni yekernel ye Linux kwaye yaziwa ngokuba yi "Tux." Yona logo eqhelekileyo esetyenziswayo kunye ne Linux.

Umfanekiso we-Tux wawungeniswa kwangethuba ngexesha lokuncintisana kwelob logo le-Linux. Olunye ulwabiwo lwenkqubo yokusebenza lwe-Linux sebenzisa iipostiki ezahlukeneyo okanye ukuhluka kwi-penguin.