Abanikazi bamashishini amancinci bangathengisa abalawuli kunye namagosa (D & O) ukukhutshwa komsebenzi ngokwawo okanye njengenxalenye yomgaqo-nkqubo wokunyaniseka . Olu hlobo luhlobo lomgaqo-nkqubo oquka i-D & O, uxanduva lwezakhono zomsebenzi kunye nokunyaniseka kwemfanelo (uhlobo lweeposiso kunye nokukhutshwa komsebenzi wee-managers kubaxhamli bemali-mboleko yomqeshwa).
Imigaqo-nkqubo ye-D ne-OO ayifaniyo kwaye iyahlukahluka komnye. Abaninzi bomshuwalense baye bavelisa iifom ezininzi zomgaqo-nkqubo. Umgaqo ngamnye ulungelelaniswa nolunye uhlobo lwentlangano enjengamashishini abucala, karhulumente, okanye angenanto. Ngenxa yokuba amaninzi amashishini akuzona iinkampani zikarhulumente, eli nqaku lijolise kwiinkqubo zeD & O ezenzelwe iinkampani ezizimeleyo.
Izibango ezenziwe
Imigaqo-nkqubo ye-D ne-Osebenzayo isetyenziswa kwisiseko esenziwe ngamabango , oku kuthetha ukuba zibandakanya amabango awenziwe ngexesha lomgaqo-nkqubo. Iipolisi zihluke kwiimfuno zabo zokubika izicelo. Olunye umda wokukhawulwa kwamabango abikwe ngexesha lepolisi.
Ezinye zibandakanya iimangalo ezichazwe ngexesha elithile (njengeentsuku ezingama-60) emva kokuba umgaqo-nkqubo uphela. Ezinye iinkqubo zinikeza ukhetho lokuthenga ixesha lokunika ingxelo elide .
Ukuhlawulelwa
Abalawuli kunye namagosa baxanduva ngokwabo kwizenzo abazenzayo ngelixa benza imisebenzi yabo egameni lenkampani.
Ngaloo ndlela, imiyalelo yenkampani ibonisa ukuba iqumrhu liya kuhlawula abalawuli kunye namagosa kwiindleko (umonakalo kunye neendleko zokukhusela) zamacala okugweba. Umthetho wesizwe ungavimbela inkampani ekunikeni ukuhlawulwa kwezinye iintlobo zamabango.
Izivumelwano zokuqinisekisa
Umgaqo-nkqubo we-D & O wenkampani yangasese uquka izi zivumelwano ezintathu zokuqinisekisa.
- Abalawuli kunye namaGosa okuXanduva : Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa yiCandelo leNgcaciso, le nshurensi isebenza xa umlawuli okanye igosa liye lahlulwa, kwaye akazange ahlaziywe yinkampani.
- Ukuhlawulelwa oku kuhlawulela i-corporation ngemonakalo kunye neendleko zokukhusela eziye zahlawula (okanye egameni) abalawuli okanye amagosa njengembuyekezo. Le nkcazo ibhekiselwa kuyo njengeCandelo B.
- Uxanduva lwezoQumrhu lijongene nemonakalo kunye neendleko zokukhusela ezibangelwa amabango aziswa ngqo kunye nenkampani. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa yiCandelo C okanye Umyinge woBungqina.
Iqhosha elibalulekileyo
Ubunikezelo olunikezwa ngumgaqo-nkqubo we-D & O lunokuba lubanzi okanye luxinyiwe kuxhomekeke kwindlela apho amagama athile aphambili achazwa ngayo.
- Ibango Ngaphandle kwezigwebo (iinkqubo zoluntu), eli gama linokuquka iinkqubo zolawulo okanye izigwebo (ngamashishini karhulumente), inkqubo yezobugebengu, iinkqubo zokusombulula izimpikiswano (ezifana nokuqhubela umququzelelo), kunye neemfuno zokufumana imali okanye ingekho mali. Ukuncediswa kwemali engekho-mali kubandakanya ukusebenza okhethekileyo (umyalelo wokwenza okuthile) okanye umyalelo (umyalelo wokuyeka ukwenza into). Ezinye iinkqubo ziquka i-subpoenas eyenziwa njengenxalenye yophando lolawulo.
- Abantu abasesikhuseli Ngokuqhelekileyo baquka abantu bendalo (abantu ngaphandle kwezinto ezingezizo zomthetho) ezikhoyo, abalawuli bexesha elidlulileyo okanye elizayo xa bekhethwe ngokufanelekileyo okanye baqeshwe. Ngamana ungabandakanya abaphathi kunye nabasebenzi.
- Ukulahleka Kuquka ngokubanzi ukulimala, ukuhlala kunye neendleko zokukhusela. Ngamana ungabandakanya nemonakalo yokugweba apho i-inshurensi yemonakalo enjalo ivumelekile ngumthetho.
- Umthetho ongalunganga ngokubanzi uquka nayiphi na into okanye isenzo esityholo, isiphoso, ukungaphumeleli, ukuphosakela okanye ukuphulwa komsebenzi.
Nangona ezinye iinkqubo ze-D & O zikhusela iinkqubo zobugebengu ezifakwe kumlawuli okanye igosa, ukugcinwa kwenkcazo kudla ngokukhawulelana neendleko zokukhusela ngaphandle kokuba inkundla ingamvumeli umntu olwaphulo-mthetho.
U khuselo kunye no kuhlala
Imigaqo emininzi eyenzelwe iinkampani ezizimeleyo zichaza ukuba umshwalense unomsebenzi wokukhusela. Kule meko, umkhushurensi ukhetha ummeli kwaye ulawula ukukhusela kwe-insured.
Ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo awubandakanyi umyalelo wokukhusela, ngoko ke umgcini-mboleko unelungelo lokukhetha ummeli (nangona ukhetho lwabango-insured luya kuthotyelwa imvume yomshuwalense). Kule meko, i-inshurensi iya kukhupha i-insured kwiindleko zokukhusela ibango.
Imigaqo-nkqubo eninzi iqulethe isigatshana esithi "nyundo" esisebenzayo xa umntu okhuselayo ehlawula isibonelelo sokuhlawula esicetyiswa ngumshuwalense kwaye wamkelwa ngummangali. Eli gatya lifuna ukuba umntu okhuselekile ukuba akhokhe inxalenye yomehluko phakathi kwemali ekhoyo yokuhlawula kunye nenani le inshurensi ekuqaleni.
Ezingabikho
Ukungafihliyo kuyahluka kumgaqo omnye ukuya kwenye. Nangona kunjalo, malunga nayo yonke imigaqo-nkqubo ye-D & O ingabandakanyi amabango:
- ukulimala komzimba okanye umonakalo wepropati
- ngenye i-inshurensi ngokumelene nomnye
- ubuqhetseba, izenzo ezingathembekanga okanye inzuzo efunyenwe ngokungekho mthethweni. Ukukhutshwa kungenakusebenza de kube inkundla inqume ukuba umntu uye wenza enye yezo zinto.
- ngokusekelwe kwiimeko eziye zixhomekeke kumacala okugwetywa phambi kokuba (ngokulindelekileyo) umhla wokuqalisa umgaqo-nkqubo
- zichazwe phantsi kweenkqubo zeD & O zangaphambili
- echaza ukungcola
- echaza ukuphulwa komthetho we-Employee Retirement Security Act ka-1974
Kwiinkoliso ezininzi, ukukhutshwa okuqinisekisiwe "okuqinisekisiwe" kuqulethe i-exception for suit suits . Ezi zibophezelo ezifakwe ngabanini-zimali ngokubhekiselele kumlawuli okanye kwi-ofisi egameni lenkampani. Abanini-nxaxheba banganisela ukuba umlawuli okanye igosa lenze izenzo ezonakalise inkampani.
Umda kunye nokugcinwa
Umgaqo-nkqubo we-D & O ngokuqhelekileyo uquka umda owodwa. Qaphela ukuba iindleko zokukhusela zinciphisa umda. Umda usebenza kumonakalo kunye neendleko zokukhusela ezihlawulwe ngenxa yezibango ezenziwe ngexesha lepolisi.
Ukugcinwa ngokuqhelekileyo kusebenza ekuhlawulelweni kunye nokubambisana kwamacandelo (kwicala B kunye neCandelo C). Le yimalini ecacisiweyo ukuba i-insured kufuneka ihlawule ibango ngalinye. Ukugcinwa kokusebenza kusebenza kwicala le-B xa i-corporation ihluleka ukuhlawulela umlawuli okanye igosa nganoma yiphina isizathu ngaphandle kokungabikho kombutho.