Iintlobo ze-Shotcrete kunye neengcebiso eziqhelekileyo Xa usebenzisa i-Gunite
I-Gunite ngumkhiqizo ophuhlisiwe njengesisombululo samanqanaba, izakhiwo ezisemhlabeni, ukuzinza kwethambeka , ukulungiswa kwezakhiwo kunye namachibi. I-Gunite yinto ebomvu eyenziwa ngomoya ngokuphambuka kwiindawo eziphezulu ngokukhawuleza. Impahla ye-Gunite okanye i-shotcrete iyimveliso okanye ikhonkrithi encinci esebenzisiweyo usebenzisa inkqubo emanzi okanye eyomileyo. Emva kokusetyenziswa kwesibhamu kuqala inkqubo yokudibanisa kunye nokulungisa.
Inzuzo yeGunite
I-Gunite inikeza inzuzo ethile kwikhonkrithi yendabuko njengale:
- Kuya kufakwa kwaye kuhlanganiswe ngexesha elinye.
- Isiqhamo esiphezulu seGunite ngokuqhelekileyo si-3/8 ", esinceda ukuphucula umgangatho kunye nokuphucula ukuphathwa.
- I-Shotcrete iya kubambelela kwimibono engcono kunekhonkrithi rhoqo.
- Isilinganiselo samanzi esincinci samancinci esingaphantsi kwamanzi atholakala kwiindawo zokuhlala zodonga.
- I-Shotcrete ingasetyenziselwa nge- fiber yentsimbi eya kusetyenziselwa njengendawo yokutshintshela i-wire wire
- Xa iimbumba zensimbi zisetyenziswe kwi-shotcrete, amandla angcono e-flexural, i-ductility, kunye nobunzima.
- Ngokubanzi linikeza iindleko eziphantsi xa kuthelekiswa nekhonkrithi yendabuko.
- Inika ukunciphisa okunciphise nokunciphisa ubuncinane.
Iindleko zefothlcrete ijikeleze i-dollar 180 ukuya kwi-190 engama-cubic yard. Le ndleko ibandakanya izinto kunye nokwenza ikhonkrit ngelixa abasebenzi behlukileyo. Khumbula konke oku kuya kutshintsha kuxhomekeke kubukhulu, ubunzulu, kunye nohlobo lwesakhiwo esagqityiweyo.
Izicelo zeGunite
I-Gunite okanye i-shotcrete ingasetyenziswa kwezi zilandelayo zicelo:
- Ukuzinzisa ukuqina
- Ukwakhiwa kweDome
- Tunneling
- Iindonga zokugcina
- Amathangi namanzi
- Amachibi asebenzayo
- Izixhobo kunye neZiteshi
- Njengokomelezwa kwesakhiwo
- Izicelo zemigodi
- I Dikes kunye namadama
Iintlobo zeGunite
I-Shotcrete ingaba yinkomo esetyenzisiweyo okanye isetyenzisiweyo.
Indlela eyomileyo yokudubula isetyenziswe xa izithako zifakwe kwi-hopper ize ikhuphe pneumatically ngokusebenzisa ipayipi kumbhobho. Umbhobho okanye umqhubi oqinisekisiweyo uya kulawula ukongezwa kwamanzi kumbhobho ozakugqitywa ekugqibeleni xa umxholo uhlahlela phezulu. Ukuba usebenzisa i-shotcrete eyomileyo, ngoko uya kuba nenzuzo yokulungiswa komxholo wamanzi ukufakwa kwixube ngokukhawuleza ukuvumela inkqubo yokubeka bhetele ngaphandle kwemfuno yokongeza ii- accelerators . Yindlela yokucetyiswa xa inkqubo iquka ukuyeka rhoqo ngexesha lokufaka isicelo.
I-shot-mix shot-mix mix is uhlobo lwesicelo esivame ukusebenzisa ikhonkrit elungiselelwe okanye ikhonkrit edibeneyo . Imoya ecinezelekileyo isetyenziselwa kumbhobho ukuhambisa umxube omanzi phezu kwendawo yokufumana. Le yinkqubo eqhelekileyo esetyenziswayo njengoko ikhiqiza isaphulelo esincinane kunye nothuli ngokumalunga nomsebenzi odibeneyo wokuxuba . Inzuzo enkulu kunazo zonke kwinkqubo yokuxuba umxube kukuba iincwadi ezininzi zinokufakwa ngexesha elingaphantsi.
Shotcrete Iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo
Nazi ezinye iingcebiso ezilungileyo kunye nolwazi oluqhelekileyo ongathanda ukwazi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-shotcrete.
- Izihlanganisi zekhonkrithi kufuneka zenziwe njengokuba ubeka ikhonkrithi rhoqo.
- I-Shotcrete ingasetyenziselwa ukulungisa indawo zekhonkrithi ngaphandle kwemfuneko yokuba ne-arhente esebenzayo isetyenziswe kumhlaba ilungiswa. Nangona kunjalo, qi niseka ukususa zonke izinto eziphathekayo kwaye uhlambulule umgangatho ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo.
- I-Gunite idinga ukuphiliswa. Ukuphilisa okumanzi yindlela ekhethiweyo yokuphilisa okanye nayo ingenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-membrane ephilisa izixhobo.
- Ukuphumelela kweStretter kuxhomekeka kakhulu kwizakhono nakwizenzo zombhobho. Ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukufuna ukuba umbhobho uqinisekiswe yi-ACI yesicelo.
- Shotcrete kufuneka igcinwe. Khumbula ukusebenzisa i-sealer ephezulu yomhlaba kwaye ususe nayiphi na into engakhokelela ekuhlahleni komhlaba.
- Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezingasetyenziselwa ekugqibeleni umgca.
- Imfuneko efanayo yokuqiniswa kwensimbi ingasetyenziselwa ukukhonkxa kwindawo, ukukhonkxa kwe-precast okanye shotcrete.
- I-shrinkage eqhelekileyo iyahluka kwi-0.06 ukuya kwi-0.10 yeepesenti emva kweentsuku ezingama-28 zomisa. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuphakamileyo kakhulu kunekhonkrete yamandla afanayo
- I-Shotcrete ifuna ukukhuselwa kwimvula ize izuze isethi yayo yokugqibela, ngokuqhelekileyo i-4 okanye i-5 iiyure. Ukulandela isethi yokugqibela, kufuneka kube yinyango elambileyo ubuncinane iintsuku ezingama-4, ngokukhethekileyo iintsuku ezingama-7 ukuba kunokwenzeka.
- Ukulinganiswa komlilo kwodonga lwekrite ekwakhiwe ngeprkccrete okanye ikhonkrithi rhoqo kuya kufana.