(Ukufunda ngokubanzi malunga nezoqoqosho kunye nezemali zolimo lwangaphakathi, umthombo wongqongqoshe nguMgcini-sicelo.)
Okubalulekileyo ekudalweni kwendawo yokulima yasekuhlaleni ngokufanelekileyo kwimisebenzi emancinci kunye nemisebenzi enkulu kukufumaneka kobuchwepheshe obukhanyisayo obukhanyayo. Enyanisweni, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya kwezibane. Iindleko zokunciphisa i-LED zikhula izibane zilungile kwixesha elizayo le shishini. Ingakwazi ukuhlawula iindleko zokutya okukhulayo ngaphakathi. Ukuqonda ukuba kutheni ii-LED zikhupha izibane zithandeka kwezinye izibane ezikhulayo, masiqwalasele.
Ziyintoni Ukukhulisa Izibane?
Ngenkcazelo yayo elula, ukukhanya okukhulayo ngumthombo wokukhanya, ngokuqhelekileyo ukukhanya kombane, okwenzelwe ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo ngokukhupha i-spectromagnetic spectrum ephelele kwi-photosynthesis. Ezi zibane ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziswe kwizicelo apho kukho ukungabikho kokukhanya kwendalo okanye ukukhanya okongeziweyo kuyadingeka.
Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha leenyanga zasebusika, ukukhanya kwezibane kungasetyenziselwa ukubonelela izibane ezongezelelweyo zokukhula kwezityalo njengoko inani elikhoyo leeyure zelanga lingenalo. Inceda ukukhulisa imifuno kunye neziqhamo zikhule ngaphakathi kwindlu.
Ngokukodwa xa umntu efuna ukukhulisa ukutya kwimeko yemozulu engenakukhanya okuphantsi okanye kwindawo encinane, ukusetyenziswa kwezibane ezikhulayo kunokubonelela ngokukhawuleza.
Le mihla, ukulima okuphakathi kwamanzi kusetyenziswa izibane ezikhulayo ukuze zitshintshe ilanga ngqo. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhanya kwezibane akusoloko kufana nokulinganisa ilanga ngqo. Kwiintlobo ezininzi zezicelo, ziyakwazi ukukhanya kwelanga.
Iintlobo Zokukhulisa Izibane
Kukho iintlobo ezi-ezintathu eziphambili zezibane ezikhoyo ezikulo mhlaba: Ukukhanya kwe-Fluorescent ukukhanya, i-HPS okanye i-HID zikhuni izibane, kunye ne-LED zikhula izibane.
1. Izibane ezikhulayo ze-Fluorescent : Izibane ezikhulayo ze-fluorescent zisetyenziselwa ukukhulisa imifuno nemifuno ngaphakathi. Ziintlobo ezimbini, kubandakanywa izibatho ze-fluorescent kunye neCompact Fluorescent Lights (CFLs). Iibhubhu ze-fluorescent ziya kwiinjongo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Bahlala ixesha elide kwaye banamandla ngakumbi kunama-bulb incandescent, ii-bulbs eziqhelekileyo ezikhanyise amakhaya amashumi eminyaka. Iibhola ze-Fluorescent zincinci kwaye zikwazi ukungena kwiindawo ezincinci. Kodwa kukho izibane eziphantsi kwezi zibane. Bayafuna ukuba i-ballast ilawulwe ngoku kwaye iibhubhu zidinga ukuma endaweni yesikhokelo esivamile. Ezi mfuneko zingongeza kwiindleko zokukhanyisa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iiCFL ziye zaxhaphaka kakhulu ekusetyenzisweni kwekhaya kwaye kungekhona nje kwezolimo zasemaphandleni zasemaphandleni. I-CFL isebenzisa kuphela iipesenti ezingama-20 ukuya kuma-30 ekhulwini lamandla asetyenziswa ngama-bulbs incandescent endala kunye nokuphila kwabo iinyanga ezili-6 ukuya kwezi-ezisibhozo.
Ziyinto ephantsi kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke iindidi ezintathu ezinkulu zokukhanya kwezibane. Enye inzuzo ephawulekayo kunye ne-CFL bulbs ayifuni ukushisa okugqithiseleyo kwizityalo, ukuvumela abalimi ukuba bagcine izibane eziseduze nezityalo. Le ntsebenzo yecupha ephantsi yenza kube namandla kakhulu. Ziyakulungeleka kwaye zithengisekile ukuphumeza.
2. I-HPS Khulisa Izibane: Izibane eziphezulu ze-Sodium (HPS) ziye zanda ekuthandeni kwaye zigqithisa izibilini ze-fluorescent kunye nama-bulbs. Ezi zibane ziqhelekileyo phakathi kwabavelisi bezentengiso nabangamava angaphakathi kunye neteknoloji elandelayo emva kwayo imiselwe kakuhle, sele isele ingaphezu kweminyaka engama-75 ubudala.
Ingxaki ngeHPS kukuba ivelisa inani elikhulu lokushisa. Ngaloo ndlela, kufuneka ugcine izibane zibe ngumgama omhle kwizityalo. Zifuna inani elikhulu lotyalo-mali ukusetha nokugcina.
Ngoko ke, i-HPS ayikhuthazwa ngabalimi abancinci.
3. Iimpawu zokuLa kweNdlu: Ngethuba ukuqala kweteknoloji ye-LED kuvele kuqala ekuqaleni kwee-1900, ii-LED ezibomvu neebluhlaza ezigqibelele ukulima kwangaphakathi zaqala ukusetyenziswa ngaphambi kwe-2000s.
Iimpawu zokukhula ze-LED zona zinamandla kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke iintlobo ezintathu ezisisiseko zezibane ezikhulayo. Le mithombo ingafakwa kude kwizityalo ngelixa ivelisa ukukhanya okwaneleyo ngaphandle kokuchitha amandla amaninzi. I-CFL i-50% engaphantsi kwee-LED kunezibane. Imveliso yokushisa nge-LED ikhula izibane zikufutshane. Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-LED yenza okusemgangathweni ukudala imo engqongileyo yangaphakathi ukudala phantse naluphi na uhlobo lokutya.
Kodwa iindleko zezibane ze-LED ziphezulu kunezinye iindidi ezimbini. Ukongezelela, abasebenzi abasebenza kwiifama zasemaphandleni kufuneka basebenzise ukukhuselwa kwamehlo njengoko ii-LED zingaba yingozi emehlweni abantu.
Eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kuLimi okanye kuLimi lokuFama
Ukuba ungumqalayo kwezolimo lwangaphakathi, iCFL iyona nto ifanelekileyo. Kufumaneka ngokubanzi kwiimilinganiselo ezininzi, ukulungiswa kwezi zibane zincinci ngobukhulu kunezibane ze-LED kwaye iCFL ifanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphuhlisa izityalo. Ukushisa okuncinane okuveliswa yi-CFL nayo inzuzo enhle kumafama amancinci.
Kodwa ukuba ufuna ukukhulisa ukutya ngezinga elikhulu, ii-LED zingaba lixesha elide lotyalo-mali njengoko zona zinamandla kakhulu. Ngeendlela ezininzi, ii-LED zikhula izibane zingcono kunezo zityalo zityalo.
Indima ye-LED Ukukhulisa izibane kwi-Farming Farming
Inkqubela phambili kwi-teknoloji ye-LED yenza ukuba kwenzeke ukudala indawo efanelekileyo ukukhula imifuno kwinqanaba elikhulu ngokujikeleza okufutshane kunye nezivuno eziphezulu. Enyanisweni, i-LED iya kuba yinto engumthombo we-facto wokukhanyisa ukudala indawo elawulwa yintlekele yokulima kwangaphakathi. Ngoxa kusebenze ukushisa kunye namanzi kubalulekile ukuba kubekho indawo efanelekileyo, ukukhanya kukubaluleke kakhulu. Kwaye ukuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe be-LED kuye kwenza ukulima kwangaphakathi kwemifuno kusebenza ngamandla.
Nangona amafama amaninzi angaphakathi asebenzisa ii-LED kule mihla, abaninzi banokuguqulwa ngokupheleleyo kwii-LED ngenxa yecatshulwa lentengo ephezulu. Kodwa ukwehla kwamanani ama-LED kufuneka kuyanceda abo balimi baguqulwe kwi-LED njengoko kunika imali eninzi yokugcina imali. Intuthuko kwezobuchwephesha kunye neendleko zokunciphisa ukuguqulwa kwi-LED kufuneka zenze uqoqosho lwezolimo lukhangele ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo.
Izinto Ezikufuphi Zamafama Kumele Azazi Ngokuphathelele Ukukhula Kwemibala
Xa ukhula ukutya ngaphakathi, ungalokothi uphendule kwii-HID izibane ezincinci. Nangona ii-LED zixabisa kunezibane ze-HID, ii-LED zisenokuba zifikelele kwaye ziyakwazi ukubonisa isisombululo sexesha elide. Enyanisweni, ukusebenzisa ii-LED kunganciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngamaphesenti angama-70. I-LED idlulileyo ubuncinane iminyaka eyi-10.
Musa ukuphulaphula into engafanelekanga yokuba kufuneka ubeke ii-LED zisondele kakhulu kwizityalo. Unako ukugcina izibane ezi-3-4 ukuya kude ukusuka kwisivuno sesityalo kwaye uqhubeke unikezela ukukhanya okufunekayo ukukhula okuphezulu kwezityalo zakho.
Ukukhanyisa kuyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ekudaleni indawo yokulima yangaphakathi. Kungaba "ukwenza okanye ukuphula" isigqibo kwifama yakho yangaphakathi . Ngoko, kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba uchithe ixesha elifanelekileyo lokucwangcisa kunye nokuyila ulawulo lwezityalo zakho kunye nezibane. Ukusetyenziswa kweCAD (iComputer Supported Design) kuphakanyiswa kakhulu. Ukuyila kufuneka kulungiswe ukuze kungabikho ukukhanya okuza kutshabalala ngelixa kuhambisa inani elifanelekileyo lokukhanya kwizityalo.
Kukho iindlela ezizodwa zokwandisa ukusebenzisa ukukhanya okukhoyo kwigumbi. Njengemibala emhlophe ibonakalisa ukukhanya, qiniseka ukuba unemihlaba emhlophe emhlophe ngeenxa zonke njengoko kunokwenzeka. Nayiphi na imibala ekhanyayo ebonisa izibane ziya kusebenza ngendlela efanayo. Ukongezelela, unokwenza umbane wokukhanya ukuhambisa ukukhanya kwindawo ebanzi.
Ekugqibeleni, hlaziywa rhoqo malunga nezobuchwepheshe bezolimo zangaphakathi kwaye ujonge izisombululo ezingcono kakhulu ezinokuphucula umveliso kunye nenzuzo yeefama zakho. Sebenzisa indlela echanekileyo, ngelixa ugcina iliso kumathuba amatsha ekhnoloji.