Ukuqulunqwa koNcedo kuBalulekileyo kubanini-mali beNkampani
Ukulinganiswa kwenzuzo kubonisa ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwenkampani kunye nokusebenza. Amanqanaba okufumana inzuzo ahlukaniswe zibe zimbini iintlobo: iimida kunye nokubuyisa. Imilinganiselo ebonisa iimitha ezimeleyo ibonisa ukuba amandla okusebenza ekuguquleleni i-dollar yokuthengisa kwiingeniso kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa. Imilinganiselo ebonisa ukubuyiselwa ibonisa ukukhangela kwekhampani ukulinganisa ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwenkampani ekuveliseni imbuyekezo yabanini-mali.
Margin Ratios
Umyinge oNgeniso oPhezulu: Inqanaba elingeniso lemali lijongene neendleko zeempahla ezithengiswa njengepesenti yokuthengisa. Lo mgangatho ujonge indlela inkampani elawula ngayo iindleko zokufakelwa kwayo kunye nokuveliswa kwemveliso yayo kwaye emva koko kudluliselwe kwiindleko kubaxhasi bayo. Inkulu enkulu yemali engeniso , ilungele inkampani. Ukubala kukuba: Inzuzo eninzi / Intengiso = ____%. Zomibini zomgaqo we-equation zivela kwingxelo ye ngeniso yenkampani.
Umlinganiselo weNzuzo yokuSebenza: Inzuzo yokusebenza iyaziwa nangokuthi yi- EBIT kwaye ifumaneka kwingxelo ye ngeniso yenkampani. I-EBIT ifumana imali phambi kwentlawulo kunye nentlawulo. Umyinge wenzuzo osebenzayo ubheka i-EBIT njengepesenteji yokuthengisa. Isilinganiselo somyinge wokusebenza ngenzuzo ngumlinganiselo wokusebenza ngokubanzi, kufaka zonke iindleko zesebenzi, eziqhelekileyo. Ukubala kuku: I-EBIT / Intengiso yentengiso = _____%. Zomibini zomgaqo we-equation zivela kwingxelo ye ngeniso yenkampani.
Umxhesho oNgenisayo: Xa wenza uhlalutyo lwendlela yokuzuza inzuzo, inzuzo yomnatha wenzuzo yinto eqhelekileyo isetyenziswayo. Umlinganiselo wenzuzo wenetha ubonisa ukuba inani leentengiso nganye libonakalisa njengenzuzo engenayo emva kokuba zonke iindleko zihlawulwe. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba i-margin benefit profit is 5 percent, oko kuthetha ukuba ama-5 eentente zeeDola zonke zinenzuzo. Umlinganiselo wenzuzo wenetha unyathelo lokunceda emva kokuqwalaselwa kwazo zonke iindleko ezibandakanya irhafu, inzala kunye nokunciphisa. Ukubala kukuba: Imali yeNgeniso / Intengiso Yentengiso = _____%. Zomibini zomgaqo we-equation zivela kwingxelo yengeniso.
Umngcipheko weMali yokuNgcwa kweeMali : Umlinganiselo weMali yokuHlahla kweMali-mboleko ibaluleke kakhulu njengoko ubonisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwemali eyenziwe kwimisebenzi nokuthengisa. Ikhampani idinga imali ukuze ihlawule igalelo , abaxhasi, ityala leenkonzo , kwaye ityala imali kwixabiso elitsha, ngoko ke imali ibaluleke kakhulu njengenzuzo kwenkampani yeshishini. Isilinganiselo seMali yokuHlahla kweMali yeCash isilinganisela ukukwazi ukuguqulela ukuthengisa ngemali. Ukubala kuku: Ukuhamba kwemali ukusuka ekuphumeni kwemali kwemali / Intengiso yokuthengisa = _____%. Inombolo ye-equation ivela kwiNkcazo yeFirm of Flow cash . I-denominator ivela kwiNkcazo yeNgeniso. Inkulu ipesenti, ingcono.
Ibuyisela iiRatios
Ukubuyela kwii-asethi (kwakhona ebizwa ngokuba yiNtlawulo ye-Investment). Umlinganiselo wokubuyiselwa kwee-Asset uyingqinisiso ebalulekileyo inzuzo kuba ulinganisa ukusebenza ngendlela apho inkampani ilawula ukutyalomali kwayo kwi-asethi kwaye isebenzise ukuvelisa inzuzo. Ilinganisa inani lemali ezuzwe ngenani elimalunga nenqanaba lequmrhu lokutshala imali kwiimpahla ezipheleleyo. Umlinganiselo wokubuyela kwi-asethi uhambelana necandelo lolawulo lwee - asethi zexabiso lemali . Ukubalwa kwemilinganiselo yokubuyela kwi-asethi yile: Imali yeNgeniso / Iimpahla ezipheleleyo = _____%. Ingeniso yeNtshukumo ithathwa kwitetimenti yengeniso, kwaye ixabiso lilonke lisuswa kwi -balance sheet . Iphakamileyo ipesenti, ngcono, kuba oko kuthetha ukuba inkampani yenza umsebenzi omhle usebenzisa i-asethi yayo ukuvelisa ukuthengisa.
Ukubuyela kwi-Equity: Umlinganiselo wokubuyela kwi- Equity mhlawumbi ubaluleke kakhulu kuwo onke amaxabiso eemali kubatyalomali kwinkampani. Ilinganisa ukubuyiselwa kwemali imali abatyali-mali abafaka kuyo kwinkampani. Ngulo mlinganiselo abachaphazelekayo abatyala-mali abajongeyo xa besenza isigqibo sokuba ingafakwa okanye ayiyi kutyalomali kwinkampani. Ukubala kukuba: Imali yeNgeniso / Ubulungisa beShishini = _____%. Inzuzo engenayo ivela kwingxelo yengeniso, kwaye ukulingana kwempahla kubangelwa kwi-balance sheet. Ngokubanzi, iphakamileyo ipesenteji, ingcono, kunye nezinye izinto, njengoko kubonisa ukuba inkampani yenza umsebenzi omhle usebenzisa imali yabatyalomali.
I-Cash Return to Assets: Imali yokubuyisela imali kwi-asethi isetyenziselwa kuphela uhlalutyo lwamaxabiso ophezulu. Isetyenziselwa ukuthelekisa ukubuyela kwii-asethi kuba kukuthelekiswa kwemali kule mali njengoko ukubuya kwizinto eziphathekayo kubhekiswe kwisiseko . Iimali ezifunekayo ukuze utyalo-mali oluzayo. Ukubala kuku: Ukuhamba kwemali kwimisebenzi yokusebenza / Iimpahla ezipheleleyo = _____%. Inombolo ithathwa kwiNkcazo yeCash Flow kunye ne-denominator kwi-balance sheet. Iphakamileyo ipesenti, ingcono.
Idatha yokufanisa
Uhlalutyo lwengxelo yezemali luyindlela efanelekileyo yokuhlalutya ngemali ukuba kukho idatha efanisayo. Iingqinisaniso kufuneka zifaniswe kunye nedatha yembali yeenkcukacha zenkampani kunye nedatha.
Ukuzihlanganisa Zonke: Umzekelo weDuPont
Kukho amaninzi amaninzi eemali - ukulinganiswa kwemali , ukuhlawulwa kwetyala okanye ukulinganiswa kwemali, ukulingana okanye ukulinganisa i-asethi, kunye nokulinganiswa kwenzuzo - ukuba kunzima ukubona umfanekiso omkhulu. Unokungena kwiinkcukacha. Enye indlela abanikazi boshishino abangasebenzisa ngayo ukushwankathela zonke ii-ratios ukusebenzisa i- Dupont Model .
I-Dupont Model ingabonisa umnini-shishini apho iindawo zecandelo lokubuyiswa kwee-asethi (okanye ukubuyela kwe-Investment ratio) zivela kunye kunye nomlinganiselo wokubuyela kwi-equity. Ngokomzekelo, ngaba i-ROA ivela kwi-net net income ? Ubulungisa buvela kwi-net profit, ukuthengiswa kwempahla, okanye isikhundla setyala le shishini? Imodeli yeDuPont inceda kakhulu abanini-shishini ekunqumeni ukulungiswa kwemali kufuneka kwenziwe.