Izindlela Sisebenzisa Amanzi Nesizathu Sokuba Sifanele Sisebenzele Ukugcina Okunye
Ukuqala, sonke sisebenzisa amanzi ukusela, ukuhlamba, ukucoca, ukupheka kunye nokutya okukhulayo-okwenza kube yimithombo yethu eyigugu yokuphila. Yintoni eyenza ukuba amanzi asetyenziswe ngamanzi kwimihla ngemihla, kukuba amanzi angakumbi asetyenziswa yicandelo lokuvelisa umbane, ukuvelisa iimveliso, kunye nokuthuthwa kwabantu kunye neempahla.
Iimpawu ezicacileyo: Sisebenzisa njani amanzi?
Amanzi onke esiwasebenzisayo avela kumachibi asekuhlaleni, imilambo, imifudlana okanye amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba, kuxhomekeke kwisixeko sakho kunye nombuso. Indlela esisebenzisa ngayo amanzi kuxhomekeke kwinjongo ekhoyo, njengale:
Se benzisi. Iindlu eziqhelekileyo zisebenzisa izitya ezininzi. Ingathatha i-30 ne-40 gallons enye yokubhabha ngelixa indlu yangasese ephakathi isebenzisa ama-5 galoni ngamanzi. Olunye uqikelelo lwemilinganiselo yokusebenzisa indlu yaseMerika lubandakanya:
- Phantse ama-20-40 gali amanzi amanzi.
- Imashishini yokuhlamba isebenzisa umyinge wama-gallon angu-25 ngomthwalo.
- Ikhishi lokucwina lithatha ama-20 galoni ngemini ngokulungiselela ukutya nokuhlamba izitya.
- Isitya sokuhlamba, esetyenziselwa ukuhlamba izandla, ukucheba kunye nokuxuba amazinyo, kufuna ama-gallons angama-15 ngosuku.
Uninzi lwezixhobo zethu zamanzi ezisetyenzisiweyo zisetyenziselwa ukuthambisa umtshini, imibhede yeentyatyambo, kunye negadi zemifuno, kunye nokuhlamba iimoto kunye nokuzalisa amachibi okubhukuda.
(Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba abaninzi abantu basebenzisa iikhemikhali kwintshondi kunye negadi ngaphambi kokuhlambela ngemithombo yamanzi acocekileyo. Lo mkhuba uhlamba iikhemikhali ezitshalweni zezityalo kwiimvula zamanzi kunye ngqo emifuleni kunye nemifula apho iintlanzi zenza amakhaya abo. iintlanzi kunye nezilwanyana zasendle.)
ZiLuntu. Amadolophu asetyenzisela amanzi okucima umlilo, ukucocwa kwesitalato, kunye nokunyusa iindawo zoluntu ezifana neepaki, utshani, imithi, izihlahla kunye neentyantyambo. Amanzi asetyenziselwa ukuzalisa imithombo yamanzi ekuphuza, kuquka ezo zikolo nakwiilayibrari. Wonke amashishini ahlukeneyo kuluntu wakho asebenzisa ezininzi amanzi.
Cinga ngamanzi onke asetyenziswa iivenkile, izibhedlele, iimpahla zokuhlamba iimpahla, abacocekileyo abomileyo, ii-golf, iihotele, ukuhlamba imoto, izitolo zobuhle, izitolo zokubumba, izitishi zegesi, kunye neekliniki zezempilo kunye nazo zonke ezinye iirhwebo kwidolophu. Ezi zonke zidibanisa kwiimfuneko ezinkulu kwiindawo zamanzi zendawo.
Ukulima . Ubungakanani bamanzi obufunekayo ukuqhuba ipulazi lukhulu. Xa sicinga ngamanzi epulazini, sicinga ngokutyhiza izityalo; kodwa inani lamanzi elifunekayo kwifama yobisi likhulu kakhulu. Izinkukhu, ihagu, izimvu kunye nazo zonke ezinye izilwanyana epilini kufuneka ziphuze amanzi ukuze zihlale ziphila. Ukutya kufuneka kukhutshwe ukuba badle, kwaye amanzi afunekayo kwiinkqubo zokupholisa ezisetyenziselwa ukugcina imveliso yenyama entsha.
Imifuno kunye nezityalo zengqolowa zifuna amanzi. Amanzi asetyenziselwa ekusasazeni izichumiso, i-herbicides, kunye neeprotictic, ezivelisa isivuno esikhulu semveliso (esihlambulula amanzi).
Ininzi yamanzi asetyenziswa kwiifama isetyenziselwa ukunkcenkceshela. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba ngokusebenzisa ukunkcenkceshela, abalimi bangalondoloza ukuya kuma-60% wamanzi aqhelekileyo atyelele izityalo zawo usebenzisa ezinye iinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela.
Kuthatha malunga neekhilo ezingama-26 zamanzi ukuvelisa indlebe enye yengqolowa ngelixa kuthatha malunga nama-2000 kuya ku-2500 iigaloni zamanzi ukuvelisa enye ipondo yenkomo. Kufuneka i-120 gallons yamanzi ukuvelisa iqanda elinye. Kufuneka i-300 gallons yamanzi ukuvelisa isonka esinye, kwaye kuthatha malunga nama-12,000 eekloni zamanzi ukukhula ingqolowa. Yikholelwa okanye ayikho, malunga ne-1,400 gallons zamanzi asetyenziswa ngexesha lokugqibela lokutya okutya okukhawuleza kubandakanya i-burger, i-fries kunye nesiselo esiphuzo.
Ukuvelisa uMbane. Izityalo ze-Hydroelectric zithatha amandla e-kinetic yamanzi awayo ukwenza umbane kwaye ngabasebenzisi abakhulu kakhulu.
Oku kwenziwa ngedadi leyo ibangela ukuba inqanaba lamanzi likhuphuke ukuze amanzi abe namandla xa ewa. Umbane wamanzi awelayo ngokunyanzela ama-turbines 'blade abangela ukuba bajikeleze. Iimpawu zokujikeleza zithumela amandla okhenkethi wamanzi awela kumbane. Amajenerethi ajikeleza xa iitribhini zijikeleza umbane oza kudluliselwa kumigqa yamandla kumakhaya nakwamashishini.
Kuwo wonke umbane kwihlabathi, malunga ne-20% yenziwe ngumbane. Phantse i-10% yombane wonke eUnited States unikezelwa ngamanzi. Ukuveliswa kwe-Hydropower kubangela ukungcoliseka okukhulu. Ukuvelisa i-Hydropower kuhlambulukile kwaye akushiyi nayiphi na inkunkuma. Ngenxa yombane oveliswe ngumbane, ixabiso leoli kunye namalahle afunekayo ukuvelisa umbane okwaneleyo kuncitshiswa. Inqanda isidingo sokutshisa malunga neigidiyoni ezingama-goloni zeoli okanye i-120 million tons zamalahle ngamnye ngonyaka. Umthamo wombane oveliswa ngumbane wee-hydroelectric uxhomekeke kwizinto ezimbini: ukude kangakanani amanzi kunye namanzi amaninzi. Ukuphakama kwedama, ukuqhubeka kwamanzi kunye namandla angaphezulu kagesi anokuveliswa. Ukuba amanzi awela kabini kude, kuya kubakho umbane owenziwe kabini. Ubungakanani bamanzi obuwa buchaphazela nomlinganiselo wamandla akhiqizwayo. Amanzi amaninzi avela kwii-turbines ezenza ukuba zijikeleze, amandla angaphezulu kagesi aveliswa.
Shishini. Amanzi nawo ayimfuneko kwishishini njengoko ishushu kwaye i-steam isetyenziselwa ukuqhuba umatshini. Amanzi asetyenziselwa ukupholisa isinyithi eshushu njengokwenziwa kwensimbi.
Amanzi nxalenye ebalulekileyo kwimveliso efana neekhemikhali, iziyobisi, i-lotions, i-shampoos, izimonyo, i-cleaners kunye nokusela. Amanzi asetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa ukutya kunye namafama angenakubalwa kunye neenkqubo zoshishino kuquka ukuveliswa kwamaphepha. Amanzi asetyenziswa ekujongeni ukutya kunye neziyobisi kufuneka ahlambuluke ngokupheleleyo, ngelixa amanye amashishini afana nesityalo sokuvelisa angasebenzisa umgangatho osezantsi wamanzi.
ZoLonwabo noThutho. Abantu abaninzi banandipha ukuloba, ukuhamba ngeenqanawa, ukuhamba ngomkhumbi, ukuhamba ngeenqanawa, ukuhlaziya, nokubhukuda, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi zokuzonwabisa ezixhomekeka kumanzi.
Abantu abaninzi basebenzisa izikebhe kunye namaferi ukuhamba ukuya emsebenzini nasemini xa abanye bekunandipha ukuya kwiinqanawa zokuhamba okanye ukuhamba ngomkhumbi.
Kutheni ukugcinwa kwamanzi kubalulekile
Kwiminyaka yokuqala ye-1900, imboni yaseMerika yasetyenziselwa malunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-15 yezigidigidi zamaritha amanzi ngosuku. Ngokukhula okukhulu kwimboni emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwandile kwandisa ngo-1980. iigolons ngosuku. " - Amanzi: I-Resource in Crisis by Eileen Lucas.
Umhlaba unokuba nemigodi yamanzi amaninzi, kodwa inyaniso kukuba ngaphantsi kwe-1% yamanzi emhlabeni afanelekile zonke izinto ezisetyenziswe apha ngasentla. I-99% esele ifunyaniswe elwandle (eyinyuwa yamanzi kwaye ayifanelekanga ukusebenzisa kwethu), efriziwe kwi-polar ice caps, okanye kunzima ukufikelela ekusebenziseni ngokusetyenziswa kwezixeko okanye uluntu.
Nangona isidingo sethu semithombo yamanzi esiphuthuma siyaqhubeka ngokukhula (ngenxa yokukhula kwabemi kunye noshishino), ukunikezelwa kwamanzi kuhlala njalo. Kungenxa yokuba nangona umjikelo wamanzi ekugqibeleni ubuyisela amanzi eMhlabeni, akusoloko ubuyela kwindawo enye, okanye ubuninzi obufanayo kunye nomgangatho. Ukuhluleka ukugcina amanzi kunokugqibela kukukhokelela ekunqongopheni kwamanzi awaneleyo, okunempilo, anokufumana imiphumo emibi ekunyuseni kweendleko, ukunciphisa ukutya, izingozi zezempilo kunye nezopolitiko.