UDonald Trump wathembisa ngo-2016 ukhetho loMongameli ukuba "Yenze iMelika Enkulu." Kuthetha ntoni oko kwiShishini lokuTyela leMelika? Ngaphezulu kwabalinganiselwa kwezigidi ezili-14 (abasebenzi abayizigidi ezili-12 abazalelwa ngaphandle kwe-United States), ishishini lokuTyela liqalise ukunyuka ukusuka ekupheleni kweminyaka ka-2008 kwiminyaka embalwa. Ukunyuka kwamaloli okutya kunye nokutya okuqhelekileyo kunokuncedisa ukwanda kweevenkile kunye nokuzisa imali epheleleyo yokutya ukuya kuma- dollar ayi-782 yezigidigidi ngo-2016 .
Ngaba uDonald Trump uya kunceda i-shishini lokutyela? Okwenzakalisa?
UDonald Trump, othembise ukunciphisa ukufuduka kwamanye amazwe, ukuphelisa uMthetho ojongene noNonophelo olungabonakaliyo (i-Obamacare) kunye nokukhawuleliswa kwemingcele ebalulekileyo kwi shishini elikhulu, uye wadibana kunye nolonwabo ngabanye kwishishini lokutyela kunye nomsindo kunye nokwesaba ngabanye. Icandelo ngokwalo likwahlukana kwezopolitiko njengamanye amazwe aseMelika phakathi kweentengiso zamahhala kunye nemigaqo engahambisani neRiphabhlikhi kwimirholo efanelekileyo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokukhusela abathengi ngamademokhrasi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba uhlala phi kwiindawo zobupolitika, into enye icacile, ivenkile yokutya i-booms xa ama-boom ase-American Middle Booms. Ihlala xa i-middle class isala. Ibango likaTrump ukwenza iMelika Elikhulu, lithatha isithembiso sekamva eliqaqambileyo kubanikazi bezonka zokutya, kodwa izenzo zakuqala zalo mongameli omtsha zinabantu abaninzi abakhathazekile ngekamva labasebenzi baseMerika.
Iindawo zokutya zifuna i-Middle Class
Akukho mfihlelo yokuba nayiphi na indawo yokudlela ephumelelayo idinga isiseko sabathengi abanomvuzo omkhulu.
Njengoko kubonakala emva kokunciphisa umnotho, ukutya kwakukho phakathi kwezinto zokuqala ezinqunywe kwiibhajethi zeentsapho. I-Trump ithembise ukubuyisela i-American Middle Class kwaye kubalulekile kuba ivela kuMbindi ophakathi ukuba indawo yokutyela yangoku yakhiwa. Imali eyomeleleyo yomzi phakathi ne-1980 kunye neye-1990, kunye nabazali ababini ababesebenzayo kunye nokuchithwa kwezinto ezinokubaluleka okukhulu kunceda iingcamango zesitayela ezinjenge-Olive Garden kunye ne-Applebee utshintsho ngendlela abantu baseMerika abadla ngayo.
Emva kokulandelana kweminyaka ka-2008, xa amaMerika alahlekelwa yimisebenzi yawo, imali, kunye nemakhaya, imboni yokutyela yabona ukutshabalalisa ngokuthengisa. Umvuzo osisigxina kwiminyaka emininzi kukhokelela ekukhuleni okunyukayo kunye noshintsho kubathengi abathandayo.
Abathengi babengasakhange bafune ixabiso elincinci--ngadla ukutya. Bafuna ukhetho olunempilo kwixabiso elithengekayo. Oku kwakusungula indlela yamaketanga afana neCototle kunye nePanera, amanani amanqaku aphezulu ngaphezu kokutya okukhawuleza okuthe rhoqo, kodwa engabizi ngaphezu kweendawo zokuhlala phantsi kunye neengcamango zokutya zeentsapho. Abathengi babengavumi ukuhlukana kunye nemali yabo ngaphandle kokuba babe nomuzwa wokuthi bafumana i-bang buck buck yabo kubandakanywa izithako ezintsha, iindlela zokukhonza ezintsha kunye nezangaphakathi zangaphakathi.
Udidi oluphakathi luyaqhubeka luba yinkampani enkulu yecandelo lokutyela, ngoko akumangalisi ukuba nayiphi na umongameli othembisa ukunceda umgangatho ophakathi uya kufumana inkxaso yabaninzi abanini bevenkile . Umbuzo uhlala kunjalo-uya kukwazi ukuba ne-Trump ikwazi ukuzisa imisebenzi efunekayo kakhulu kwiindawo ezinzima kakhulu ukubethelwa ngumsebenzi kunye nokuphuma kweenkampani zase-US? Ngaba uya kwandisa i-Middle Class ukuya kumanqanaba adlulileyo?
Ukutya kufuneka Abafuduki
Kuqikelelwa ukuba i-2/3 yabo bonke abasebenzi basevenkile bazalwa ngaphandle kwe-United States.
Buza nawuphi na umninimzi wesityela kwiidolophu ezinjengeNew York, Seattle, eSan Francisco okanye eChicago ukuba ngabafudwendwe bafuneka ukuqhuba indawo yokutyela ephumelelayo? Inokwenzeka ukuba impendulo iya kuba nguwe ewe. Abafudukayo bahlala besebenza kwiindawo ezizimeleyo zokuzalisa izikhundla eziphantsi. Ukuvalwa kweTimente ngokutsha kwabemi basuka kumazwe asixhenxe aseMuslim kubeka i-alamu kuyo yonke ivenkile yokutya. Abanikazi bendawo yokutya kwilizwe lonke babhengeza ukuba izikhundla zabo "ziindawo zokudlela eziyingcwele" kubasebenzi basemfudukayo, zibonakalise kwiNdlu eNtshonalanga ukuba ukuhlaselwa kwabemi baseMuslim bekungayi kuma. Abaninzi bezonto zokutyela nabo bathatha inxaxheba kwindlela yakutshanje "Usuku olungenawo umMfuduki" ukugqamisa kwi-Trump Administration ukubaluleka kwabasebenzi abavela kwamanye amazwe kwi-economy yase-United States.
Zokutya zifuna Imimiselo
Esinye sezikhalazo ezinkulu ze-conglomerate ezinkulu kunye ne-NRA (ngezinye izihlandlo ezibizwa ngokuthi "enye i-NRA") kukuba kukho imingcele emininzi yefederal.
UMthetho WezeMigangatho Wemisebenzi Yabasebenzi (FLSA) ngumthetho owodwa ukuba i-NRA ibambelele ngamandla. Ngokutsho kwe-Ofisi yeRejista ye-Federal " I-FLSA iqinisekisa umvuzo omncinci kwiiyure ezisebenziweyo ngexesha lomsebenzi kunye nokuhlawulwa kwee-premium zeeyure ezingekho ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha esinye nesigamu somvuzo wexesha eliqhelekileyo lomqeshwa osebenza ngaphezu kwama-40 emsebenzini . "Utshintsho olwenziwe okwesikhashana ngoDisemba 2016, ukuhlawulwa kwexesha kunye nesiqingatha kunoma yimuphi umqeshwa ohlawulelwayo ozuza phantsi kwe-$ 47,476 ngonyaka. Ukugqitywa oku kubonakala ngathi: i-$ 913 ngeveki okanye i-$ 22 iiyure ngeveki ezingama-40. Ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-40, lowo msebenzi uza kuba nelungelo lokwenza ixesha kunye nesiqingatha. I-NRA iyakuthanda ukubonisa ukuba umvuzo omncinci omtsha wokuhlawula ixesha elingaphezu kwexesha liphindwe kabini umyinge womvuzo we-$ 23,660. Abachasene bayalatha, ngokusebenzisa izibalo ezilula, ukuba ukuba umphathi weevenkile kwiinkampani zenkampani ufumana umvuzo omncinci wamadola angama-23,660 kwaye usebenza iiyure ezingama-50 ngeveki (umgangatho omhle kumphathi wevenkile) benza i-dollar 9 ngeyure, phambi kweerhafu. Ngokuxhomekeka apho uhlala khona, usebenze kunye nefilosofi yakho kwizinto eziba ngumvuzo onokuphila, i-dollar 9 ngeyure yokulawula ishishini mhlawumbi umvuzo okanye usebenziswano olufanelekileyo.
Iindawo zokutya zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo
Omnye ummandla ukuba wonke umongameli wanamhlanje kwiminyaka engama-30 edlulileyo ehlulekile ukulungisa idilesi ngokwaneleyo kuyimfuneko yomshuwalense wezempilo onokuhlawulekayo kumashishini amancinci. Nangona i-Care Affordable Act yayisisiqalo esihle kule ngxaki yesizwe, ayizange iyancede amabhizinisi athenge i-inshorensi efumanekayo kubasebenzi babo. I-Trump ithembise ukutshitshisa i-Obamacare kwaye ibuyisele kuyo "into enkulu," kodwa inyaniso ibonakala ngathi akukho nto iyenzeka nanini na. AmaRiphabhlikhi, nangona uneminyaka emithandathu ukucinga ukhetho olungcono lwezempilo lwe-uninsured, aluphumelelanga ukuvelisa iziphumo ezibonakalayo ngoku. Ngethuba eli liye lashiya abanikazi bamashishini abancinci kunye nabasebenzi babo abangaqinisekanga okanye bangaphantsi.
Icandelo leMidlalo yokuTyela liPhathelene nezopolitiko
Icandelo lokutyela liyingcosana yeUnited States, ngokuba ihlukaniswe kakhulu phakathi kwezinto ezixhasayo / ezinkulu kwiinkampani zenkampani kunye neenkululeko / abazimeleyo kunye nemibutho yabasebenzi. Akusiyo imfihlo ukuba iNational Restaurant Association ngumshini we-republikist lobbying machine. Liye laqhubeka lijongene nalo naluphi na ukwanda kumvuzo omncinci wezemfundo, imiqathango yokusebenza kwexesha lomsebenzi kunye nemizamo yokukhusela abathengi njengemenyu yokubhaliweyo. Kwimida ekuphambene nendawo ye-Restaurant Opportunities Centre (ROC), iqela le-watchdog elinomsebenzi walo " Ukuphucula imirhumo kunye neemeko zokusebenza kwilizwe lethu elizigidi ezili-12 zezigidi zokutya zokudlela , abasebenzi bokutyela.
Njengemigaqo emininzi yemisebenzi, kuxhomekeke kubani abaphulaphuli, imigaqo yeTump eyancitshiswayo ingabuliswa kunye ne-cheers okanye i-jeers.
I-Trump yokuqala yokutyunjwa kombhali wezabasebenzi, u-Andrew Pudzer, owayengumphathi we-CEO waseCalpinteria-based based CKE Restaurants Inc., inkampani yomzali kaCar's kaJr no-Hardee kunye nembali engabazayo yokuphulwa kwezabasebenzi kwezinye iindawo zokutya ezetyenziselwa ukunyuka. Ngokumangaliswa, uTumpump ukhethe uRichel Alexander Acosta njengomlobi wezeMisebenzi kwaye ukuba kuqinisekiswa, i-Acosta yayiza kuba yi-first-Hispanic e-Trump kwikhabhinethi. Le nto inokuba yindlela yeTrond yokuzama ukukhuthaza imibutho kunye nabachasi bezopolitiko. Amanye amaqela omsebenzi ahlabelela ukutyunjwa kuka-Acosta, obonwa njengomgqatswa ongcono kumalungelo abasebenzi kumsebenzi wePudzer.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbuza ukuba imboni yokutyela ifana kakhulu. Iquka izigidigidi zeetoni ezinjenge-McDonald's kunye ne- Starbucks ; Kwakhona kumelelwa ngokukhawuleza, ukutya kwentsapho, ukutya okulungileyo kunye nokutya kwamaloli. Iipolisi ezisebenzela enye inxalenye yoshishino kakuhle ayisoloko iguqulela kwezinye iigqeba. UDonald Trump ulungele ukudala isimo sezulu esinobugcisa esinokukwazi ukukhulisa ubuninzi beli shishini lokutyela, ngeklasi eliphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, iindleko zentlawulo ziza kuhlawula umvuzo onobulungisa kunye nenkululeko yoluntu.