Ndingayilungiselela njani iSitatimende seNzuzo kunye neLahleko?

Nangona awudingi imali kwiqela lakho elincinci ukusuka kwibhankini okanye omnye umboleki, uya kufuna iimali ezininzi zemali kukukunceda wenze izigqibo ezithile. Ingxelo ebalulekileyo yezemali nayiphina imfuno yoshishino yinkcazo yenzuzo kunye nelahleko (ebizwa ngokuba yi "P & L"). Ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa yimali engenayo.

Le nkcazo ibonisa iindleko kunye neendleko zoshishino, kunye nenzuzo okanye ukulahleka okubangelwa, ngexesha elithile (inyanga, ikota, okanye unyaka).

Ngimfuneko nini ukulungisa iNkcazo yeNzuzo kunye neLahleko?

P & L yexesha elide. Yonke ishishini kufuneka ilungiselele kwaye ihlolisise inkcazo yayo kunye nelahleko yenkcazelo ngezikhathi - ubuncinane nganye kwikota. Ukuphononongwa kwenkcazo yenzuzo kunye nelahleko kukunceda ibhizinisi lenze izigqibo kwaye lilungiselele ukubuyiswa kwentlawulo yezorhwebo. Ingxelo yakho yokubuyisela irhafu iya kusebenzisa ulwazi oluvela kwi-P & L njengesiseko sokubalwa kwemali engenayo, ukucacisa irhafu yengeniso lakho ishishini kufuneka lihlawule.

Pro Forma P & L. Ibhizinisi elitsha kufuneka lidale inzuzo kunye nelahleko kwinkcazo yokuqalisa. Le nkcazo yenziwe ipro forma , oku kuthetha ukuba iprojekthi ixelwe kwikamva. Ibhizinisi lakho liya kufuna kwakhona i-P & L ye-pro forma xa ufaka isicelo senkxaso-mali yiphina iprojekthi yoshishino elitsha.

Yiyiphi ingcaciso endiyidingayo ukulungiselela le nkcazo?

Uninzi lwengcaciso yale nkcazo livela kubhajethi yakho yonyaka wokuqala (isitatimende sokuhamba kwemali ), kunye nokubala okuqikelelwa kwindleko evela kumcebisi wakho werhafu.

Ngokukodwa, uya kufuneka:

1. Uhlu lokuthengiselana, yonke intengiso kwishishini lakho ukujonga i-akhawunti kunye nazo zonke izinto ezithengiweyo ngekhadi lakho lekhredithi.
2. Faka phakathi nayiphi na imali encinci yokuthengiswa kwemali okanye ezinye iintengo zemali ezifumanekayo.
3. Ngeniso, uza kufuna uludwe lwemithombo yonke yengeniso - ukuhlola, iintlawulo zekhadi lesikweletu, njl. Kufuneka ube nako ukufumana ezi kwi-statement yakho yasebhanki. Musa ukulibala imali ehlawulwe kwi shishini lakho, apho kufuneka ube neirekhodi.

1. Uya kufuna kwakhona ulwazi malunga naluphi na ukunciphisa ukuthengiswa, njengezaphulelo okanye ukubuya.

Ukuba usebenzisa i-software ye-accounting software, i-profit and loss loss statement kufuneka ifakwe kwiingxelo eziqhelekileyo. Nangona unayo ingxelo kule nkqubo yakho, kufuneka uqhubeke ukwazi ukuba yintoni ulwazi olufunekayo ukulungiselela ingxelo.

Inkqubo yokulungiselela kunye nolwazi olufunekayo lufana nokuba ulungiselela isingeniso ekuqaleni okanye ukusebenzisa ukulungiswa kweerhafu okanye uhlalutyo lwezorhwebo.

Ukulungiswa kweNkcazo yeNzuzo kunye neLahleko

Kulohlu ngalunye, uya kuba nexabiso lekota kwaye lilonke lonyaka.

1. Okokuqala, bonisa intlawulo yakho yemali engenayo (ngokuqhelekileyo ibizwa ngokuthi "Ukuthengisa") kwikota nganye yonyaka. Unokudiliza ingeniso kumacandelwana ukubonisa imali evela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo ukuba unqwenela.
2. Emva koko, yenza iindleko zoshishino lakho kwikota nganye. Bonisa intlawulo nganye njengepesenti yeZentengiso. Zonke iindleko kufuneka ziphelele kwi-100% yentengiso.
3. Emva koko ubonise umahluko phakathi kweZentengiso kunye neNdleko njengeNzuzo. Ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi- EBITDA (imivuzo phambi kwentlalo, irhafu, ukwehla, ukuhlaziywa).
4. Emva koko ubonise umdla onomdla kwi-shishini lakho lonyaka kwaye ususe kwi-EBITDA.
5. Uluhlu olulandelayo uluhlu lwenzuzo engenayo (ngokuqhelekileyo ukuqikelelwa) kwaye ususe.

1. Ekugqibeleni, bonisa ukuhlaziywa okupheleleyo kunye nokulungiswa komnyaka kwaye ususe.

Inani okhoyo ngoku li-net income, okanye inzuzo yakho yoshishino-okanye ukulahleka.

Ukulungiselela iPowma (iProducted Profit and Loss Statement)

Ukuba uqala ishishini, awunayo ulwazi lokulungiselela isicatshulwa sangempela seP & L, ngoko kufuneka uqagele. I-pro forma statement isoloko ilungiselelwe inyanga nganye yonyaka wokuqala kwishishini, kodwa umboleki wakho unokufuna ukuba ungeze ezinye iinyanga okanye iminyaka kwi-projection ukuze ubonise i- break-even point , xa ibhizinisi lakho lidala ukuhamba kwemali efanelekileyo ngesiseko esifanayo.

1. Bhala zonke iindleko ezinokwenzeka, uqikelele ngaphezu kwexesha ukuba ungamangaliswa. Musa ukulibala ukufaka isigaba "sesininzi" kunye nemali.

2. Linganisa intengiso nganye ngenyanga. Ukungaphantsi kwemilinganiselo yokuthengisa, kokubili ngexesha kunye nemali.

3. Ukwahlukana phakathi kweendleko kunye nokuthengisa ngokuqhelekileyo kungonakali ixesha elithile. Inani elibi limele lihlanganiselwe ukukunika ingcamango yokuba uya kufuna ntoni ukuboleka ukuze iqalise ishishini lakho.