I-Standard Versus Non-Standard
Abaninzi bango-inshorensi basebenzisa iziqinisekiso ezongezelelweyo ezikhutshwe yi- Ofisi yeeNkonzo ze-Inshorensi (ISO).
Ezi zicelo zibizwa ngokuba yiziqinisekiso ezizeleyo zokubambisa eziqinisekisiwe. Abanye abaqinisekisayo baye baqulunqa zabo ezongezelelweyo iziqinisekiso eziqinisekisiwe. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba kungavunyelwanga kwemigangatho.
Abatshutshisi bangenza ukuvunyelwa okungagqibekanga "ukususela ekuqaleni" ngokuyila amagama abo. Ngaphandle koko, "bangaboleka" amagama ase-ISO. Abaninzi batshorensi bakha ukuvumela ngokubambisana ngokuguqula ukuvunyelwa kwe-ISO ekhoyo. Ngaloo ndlela, ezininzi izibonelelo ezingekho phantsi kwemimiselo ziyafana, kodwa azifani, kumalungu abo asemgangathweni. Xa umshuwalense sele wasebenzisa igama elithile le-ISO kwisigunyaziso sokubambisa, ukuvuma kuya kuthetha ukuba kubandakanya izinto eziphathekayo ze-ISO.
Ukuqhuba okuqhubekayo
Esinye sezibonelelo ezongezelelweyo ezisetyenzisiweyo eziqinisekisiwe zenziwe ngabakontrakthi. Isetyenziswe xa ikhontrakthi yenza umsebenzi egameni lomnye umntu, njengonkontileka jikelele okanye umnikazi weprojekthi. Ukwamukelwa kukufihla iqela lokuqeshelwa (inkontileka jikelele okanye umnikazi weprojekthi) njengenye i-insured eyongezelelweyo.
Ukwamkelwa kwekhonkrithi iqulethe imingcele ebalulekileyo. Inqanda ukuhanjiswa kwizenzo okanye ukuchithwa okwenziwe yikontraka ngelixa eqhuba imisebenzi eqhubekayo . Ukuvuma kungabandakanyi ukulimala komzimba okanye umonakalo wepropathi owenzeka emva kokuba umsebenzi wekonkontrakta uzaliswe.
Umzekelo olandelayo ubonisa indlela ukukhawulelwa kusebenza ngayo.
U-Elite Electric uye waqashwa yi-Prime Properties ukufaka i-wiring entsha yombane kwisakhiwo sezindlu. INdunankulu ibhekiswe ngokubhengezwa okongezelelweyo okuqinisekisiwe okuxhomekeke kumgaqo-nkqubo we-Elite jikelele wemfanelo . Ukubambisa ukukhawuleza kubhalele kuphela amabango avela kumsebenzi oqhubekayo ka-Elite kule projekthi.
Ngenyanga enye emva kokuba umsebenzi ugqityiwe umlilo ophumayo kwindlu yokuhlala. Umlilo uchazwa ngumsebenzi we-Elite. Umqeshi wenzakaliswe kwaye uyayithatha i-Properties Properties. Ukuba iNdunankulu ifuna i-coverage yesibango njengenye i-insured phantsi komgaqo-mboleko we-Elite, ibango aliyi kugutywa. Ukulimala komqashi kwenzeka emva kokuba umsebenzi ka-Elite kule projekthi igqityiwe.
Amabango ngokubhekiselele kwi-insured eyongezelelweyo ephuma kumsebenzi ogqityiweyo wekontraki ingahlawulwa phantsi kwesinye isiqinisekiso esongezelelweyo se-insured. Oku kuvunyeliswa kukubandakanya ukulimala komzimba okanye umonakalo wepropati obangelwayo, ngokupheleleyo okanye inxalenye, ngomsebenzi ogqityiweyo wontengiso.
Ukungabikho Ukunganakwa
Ezinye izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo zee-insured ziquka into ebizwa ngokuba yinto yokunyaniseka . Oku kubandakanywa kukuphelisa ukukhutshwa kwamabango okanye izikhwama ezibangelwa ukunganakwa okwenziwe kuphela yinkxaso-mali eyongezelelweyo.
Akukho nkonzo yokubonelela ifumaneka ukuba umntu ogunyazisiweyo ogqityiweyo (umnini-mgaqo-nkqubo) akazange abe negalelo ekulahlekelweni kwanoma iyiphi indlela. Ukuphela kokunyaniseka kwenyani kusekelwe kwingcamango yokuba omnye umntu onesiqinisekiso esongezelelekileyo ojongene nokulahlekelwa kufuneka athembele kumgaqo-nkqubo wakhe wokuzibophelela.
Ukunyanzelwa kokuphela kwexesha kungabikho kwiinkxaso ezongezelelweyo eziqinisekisiwe ezisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa:
- Abanikazi beprojekthi kunye nabakontrakta Yilo mvume yokubambisana echazwe ngasentla
- Abathengisi
- AbaCwangcisi, abaNjineli kunye nabaPhando
Ezinye izimvume azisebenzisi amagama "ukunyaniseka." Kunoko, banciphisa umgca wokulimala okanye umonakalo obangelwayo, ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokukodwa, ngezenzo okanye ukuchithwa kwegama eliqinisekisiwe (umgcini-nkqubo). Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umntu ogunyazisiweyo ongeyibhanki engenzi igalelo kwengozi ekhokelela kwibango ngokubhekiselele kwi-insured eyongezelelweyo, ibango alikhawulelwanga.
Kwimeko ye-Elite Electric echazwe ngasentla, cinga ukuba ukwamkelwa okungeziweyo kwi-Prime Properties iqulethe ukungabikho kokunyaniseka. Ngethuba usebenza kwindlu yesakhiwo, umqeshwa wase-Elite wenzakaliswa xa i-toustic ceiling tile iwela kuye. Umqeshwa uqokelela inzuzo evela kwi- insurer yempindiselo yabasebenzi bomshuwalense kwaye emva koko uyayithatha i-Properties Properties ngenxa yokunganakwa. Ivoti yakhe ithi iNdunankulu ixanduva lokulimala ngenxa yokuba wayesazi ukuba i-tile ye-plailing yayingenasiphelo kwaye ayizange imxwayise. Inkulumbuso ithumela ibango kwi-insurer. Umshuwalense wenqaba ukukhutshwa ngengozi ngenxa yengozi ngenxa yokunyaniseka okwenziwa kuphela yi-Prime Properties. Akukho mpazamo ebekwe ku-Elite Electric.
Umyinge ohlinzekwe nguMthetho
Ezinye izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo eziqinisekisiwe zibandakanya ilungiselelo elichaza ukuba i-insured eyongezelelweyo ihlanganiswe "kuphela kumlinganiselo owenziwe ngumthetho." Lo mnqamaniso ufumaneka ngokubanzi kwizibonelelo ezisebenziswe ngabaqontrakthi ukuqinisekisa ukuba "amaqela aphakamileyo" njengonkontileka jikelele kunye nabanikazi beprojekthi. Kukwabandakanywa nakwamanye amavunyelwe asetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa abacwangcisi, oonjiniyela kunye nabaphandi. "Umthetho" okubhekiswe kulo mbandela uthetha imimiselo yokuchasana.
Imimiselo ye-Anti-indemnity imigaqo ejoliswe ekukhuseleni abathungathelanisi kwiimvumelwano ezinobungozi ezinokuthi zingaphinde zibekwe ngamaqela angaphandle. Le mithetho iyanciphisa inani lemfanelo enokuthi idluliselwe ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye ngekhontrakthi.
Imithetho yokulwa neentlawulo ezichaseneyo ziyahluka ukusuka kummandla ukuya kwilizwe. Uninzi luyakwenqabela izivumelwano ezifuna ukuba omnye umntu athathe uxanduva lokunyaniseka okwenziwe yedwa. Eminye imithetho iyakwenqabela izivumelwano ezinyanzelisa elinye iqela ukuba lithenge i-inshorensi ekhusele enye inxaxheba.
Cinga ukuba uElite Electric, ophantsi kweontrakta, uye wangena kwi khontrakthi kunye nabakhi boBugizi, ikontrakta jikelele, ukwenza i-wiring yombane kwisakhiwo esisebenzayo. Ngomkhontrakthi, uElite uthembise ukuqinisekisa ukuxhaswa kwamabango angabikho kwi-Elite yomsebenzi we-Busy-nangona ukuba amabango avela ekunganakwa okwenziwe kuphela yi-Busy. U-Elite uye waqinisekisa u-Busy ngaphantsi kokubhengezwa okongezelelweyo okuqinisekisiwe okugqithiseleyo ukuhamba "kuphela kumlinganiselo owenziwe ngumthetho."
Abakhi abasebenzayo basebenza kwimeko eyanqabela izivumelwano ezinyanzelisa elinye iqela ukuba liqinisekise iqela elichasene naloo nto yokunyaniseka. Umqeshwa we-Elite Electric wenzakele kwindawo yomsebenzi kwaye ubeka izakhiwo ezizimeleyo ngokulimala komzimba. Umqeshwa uxelela ukuba ukulimala kwakhe kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba i-Busy ayiphumelelanga ukugcina indawo yokusebenzela ephephile. Umgwebo usekelwe ekungabinyanzelweni okwenziwe yi-Busy kuphela. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba i-Busy ifuna i-coverage ibango phantsi kokubhengezwa okongezelelweyo okuqinisekisiwe, ibango lingafunyanwa.
Akukho Mqulu woBanzi
Elinye ilungiselelo elifumaneka kwiimvume ezongezelelweyo eziqinisekisiwe zisetyenziswa xa umnini-mgaqo unyanzelekile phantsi kwekhonterikethi ukuqinisekisa eyongezelelweyo inshorensi. Ithi i-inshorensi eyongezelelweyo iya kubonelelwa ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu kokufunwa kwesivumelwano. Okokuthi, ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo unikezela ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi kunokwenziwa kwesivumelwano, imimiselo yesivumelwano iya kusebenza.
Ngokomzekelo, khangela ukuba isivumelwano sibonisa ukuba i-Elite Electric kufuneka iqinisekise ii-Buildy Buses malunga neentlobo ezithile zamabango ezithetha ukulimala komzimba okanye umonakalo wepropati . Isivumelwano asifuni i-Elite ukuba iqinisekise ukuxhaswa ngokumalunga nezibango zenzalo zokuzilimaza. Abakhi abasebenzayo baxelwa ngokunyeliswa ngumntu wesithathu ngenxa yezenzo ezenziwe ngu-Elite Electric. Nangona umgaqo-nkqubo we-Elite jikelele wemfanelo uquka ukunyundela phantsi koBuntu kunye noKhuseleko lokuLawulwa kweNtengiso , ibango lokunyel Ukukhutshwa kweNgcaciso yokuLawulwa kweNtlawulo ayikho imfuneko.
Akukho Mkhulu
Ezinye izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo zee-insured ziqulethe umqathango onqanda umda onikezelwe kwi-insured eyongezelelweyo. Eli lungiselelo lingafaka isicelo xa elinye iqela libandakanya elinye njenge-insured eyongezelelweyo ukuze iyanelise imfuno yesivumelwano. Ubonelelo lubonisa ukuba ininzi i-inshurensi iya kuhlawula ibango malunga ne-insured eyongezelelweyo ngumncinci we:
- imali efunekayo kwisivumelwano
- imali ekhoyo phantsi kwemida yomshuwalense
Ngokomzekelo, cinga ukuba inkontileka idinga u-Elite Umbane ukuqinisekisa ii-Buildy Busy phantsi komgaqo-mboleko we-Elite. Ikhonterikethi ibonisa ukuba ama-Elite kufuneka anike i-$ 500,000 kwiMveliso nganye kunye noMyinge oPhezulu ngokubanzi. Umgaqo-mboleko we-Elite uquka i-$ 1 yezigidi nganye kule miqathango. I-suit ekhutshwe ngenye i-insured inserment ifakwe kwi-Builders Busy. Ummangali ufuna i-$ 750,000 kumonakalo ohlawuliswayo , kodwa u-Elite Electric onomthwalo wesikhorensi uhlawula i-$ 500,000 kuphela. Inkontileka idinga i-Elite ukubonelela kuphela i-$ 500,000, ngoko ke umgcini-mali awuyi kuhlawula ngaphezu kwelo mali.