Ubunini
Uhlobo oluphambili phakathi kwe-inshurensi yesitokhwe kunye ne-insurer yomntu ngamnye yindlela yobunikazi.
Inkampani yenkampani yomshuwalense yamasheya inikwe ngabanikezeli bayo. Inokubanjelwa ngasese okanye kuthengiswa esidlangalaleni. I-inshurensi yesitokisi isasaza inzuzo kubanikazi abanini-mali ngefom yezabelo. Ngaphandle koko, ingasebenzisa inzuzo ukuhlawula ityala okanye ukuyibuyisela kwakhona kwinkampani.
Ikampani yomshuwalense yomshuwalense inikwe ngabaphathi bayo. I-surplus ingasasazwa kubaphathi-nkqubo ngefom izahlulo okanye igcinwe ngumshurensi ngokutshintshiselwa ukunciphisa iiprayimamu ezizayo.
Iintlawulo kunye noTyalo-mali
Zomibini iinkampani kunye neenkampani zomshuwalense zomshuwalense zifumana inzuzo ngokuqokelela ama-premium ukusuka kubaphathi-nkqubo. Ukuba ii-premiums i-insurer iqokelela ngaphaya kweemali ezihlawulela ilahleko kunye neendleko, umkhushurensi ufumana inzuzo yokubhala phantsi. Ukuba ilahleko kunye neendleko zidlula iiprayimari eziqokelelweyo, umgcini-inshurensi uncedisa ukulahlekelwa phantsi.
I-Stock kunye neenkampani ezidibeneyo zifumana inzuzo evela kwiityalo-mali. Nangona kunjalo, izicwangciso zabo zokutshala imali zihlala zihluka.
Umsebenzi weenkampani eziphambili zeenkampani ukufumana inzuzo kubaphathi-mali. Ngenxa yokuba bahlolisiswa ngabatyalo-mali, iinkampani zentengiso zihlala zigxininisa ngaphezu kwee-mutuals kwiziphumo ezifutshane. Abatshutshisi beStock nabo banokuthi batyale imali kwiimpahla eziphezulu ezithengayo (kunye neengcipheko) ngaphandle kweenkampani ezidibeneyo.
Injongo yomgcini-mboleko yomgcini-mboleko kukugcina imali-mali ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno zabaphathi-nkqubo.
Abaphathi bezemigaqo ngokubanzi abakhathalelekanga malunga nokusebenza kwemali yabatshutshisi kunokuba batyali beenkampani zentengiso. Ngenxa yoko, abaqinisekisi bobabambiswano bajolise kwiziphumo zesikhathi eside. Kunokwenzeka ukuba kune-inshorensi ye-stock ukufaka imali kwi-asethi, i-assets yield low.
Ukongeza kwiiprayimali kunye notyalo-mali, iinkampani zamasitoreji zinomthombo wesithathu ngeniso: ukuthengwa kwempahla yesitokisi. Xa i-stock insurer ifuna imali, inokukhupha ezinye izabelo zesitokisi. Umshuwalense onyanzelanayo awunalo olu khetho kuba kungengabanini bempahla. Ukuba i-insurer iyadinga imali, kufuneka ibboleke imali okanye ikhulise amaxabiso .
Lawulo
Abaphathi bemigaqo-nkampani ye-stock ayinayo into ekulawuleni kwenkampani ngaphandle kokuba batyali-mali. Kwi-insured insurer, abaphathi-nkqubo banamalungu kwenkampani, ngoko bakhetha ibhodi yabaqondisi . Abaphathi-nkqubo bangaba nefuthe elithile kwiintlobo zemveliso ye-inshorensi yenkampani. Bafumana igalelo ezivela kwinzuzo yenkampani.
Uzinzo lwezeMali
Enye inzuzo yesikhwama se-inshurensi kubaphathi-nkqubo bazinzile. Ngenxa yokuba i-inshurensi yesitorethi inezinye iindlela zokunyusa imali, inokukwazi ukukwazi ukuxhathisa ubunzima bezimali.
Inzuzo engundoqo yenkampani yenkampani yobudlelwane yenkampani kukuxhomekeka kwenkxaso-mali kumgaqo-nkqubo weprojekthi njengemvelaphi yengeniso.
Umshuwalense ohlangeneyo ongakwazi ukuphakamisa imali unokunyanzeliswa ngaphandle kweshishini okanye kubhengezwe . Ukuba inkampani ithengiswa, abaphathi be-policy banokufumana isahlulo semali ekuthengisweni. Umshuwalense ohlangeneyo ongenakunceda ngemali unokuba yinkampani yesitokhwe ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-demutualization.
Ukuxhomekeka komntu
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-insured insurer ingaxhomekeka kuphela ngokuvunyelwa kwabanikazi bamaphepha-nkqubo, ibhodi yabalawuli benkampani, kunye nomlawuli we-inshurensi yombuso. Iinkampani zenkampani zineenketho ezintathu ezisisiseko zokuguqula inkampani yesitokisi.
- Ukuxhaswa ngokugcwele. Oku kubandakanya ukutshintshwa okupheleleyo kwi-insurer kwintampani yesitokisi. Abanemigaqo-nkqubo bafumana imali, iikhredithi zemali, okanye izabelo kwinkampani esanda kudala.
- Ukuxhaswa ngokuxhaswa. Abanini-mgaqo-nkqubo abafumani nayiphina imbuyekezo ngaphandle kwelungelo lokuthenga isitya kwinkampani entsha. Izabelo zesitokethi ezingathengwanga ngabaphathi-nkqubo zingathengiswa kubatyalomali kwiminikelo yokugcina impahla.
- Inkampani yokuThengisa . Olu khetho alufumaneki kuwo onke amazwe. Inkampani yokubambisana iyadalwa kunye ne-subsidiary esitokisini enesininzi nkampani. Abanemigaqo-nkqubo bafumana inzala yobunini kwenkampani ebambeleleyo kodwa kungekhona isibonelelo se-stock. I-subsidiary ithatha ulawulo lwemigaqo-inshorensi .
Uninzi lweeNkampani zeStock
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abaninzi abaqinisekisayo abaye baguqula kwiinkampani zentengiso ngenxa yeengcinezelo zemali. Ngenxa yoko, uninzi lwabatshutshisi be-US ziinkampani zentengiso. Ngokwe-National Association of Commissioners Insurance, i-stock insurerrs ibanjwe malunga ne-78% yexabiso lemali kunye nexabiso elityalomali elondolozwe ngabashuwalense base-US ekupheleni konyaka ka-2013. I-18% kuphela yalezo zinto zigcinwe ngabagcini bomshuwalense.