Indlela yokwakhiwa kwemiSebenzi enokumnceda ngayo
Indlela ephilileyo idla ngokuqhafaza iqale kwi-Henry Ford ye Model Model yokuvelisa kwiminyaka yokuqala ye-20 kwaye yaqulunqwa kwiiyunithi zeToyota kuma-1930. Indlela entsha yokuvelisa inkqubo yaphuka kwinkqubo yokuvelisa kwiindawo ezincinci kakhulu, igxininiswe ngokusebenzisa "oomatshini obuchanekileyo", ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi ngokuzimeleyo, kunye nokunciphisa ukuhamba ukusuka kwisiteyathelo esinye kwinkqubo ukuya kwesilandelayo.
Le nkqubo yachazwa kwincwadi ethi, Umshini Oshintshe Ihlabathi NguJames P. Womack, uDaniel Roos, noDaniel T. Jones ngo-1990, abakhuthazayo kwamanye amashishini, kuquka ukwakhiwa, ukuba baqikelele inkqubo ephilileyo yokuvelisa iinjongo zabo.
Ixesha lokuRethink Izinto
Ukuqala ngo-1992 kunye nokuqhubeka nge-00s, i-theorists yolawulo lokwakha , kuquka uLauri Koskela, u-Glenn Ballard, noGregory Howell, baqala ukunyusa icandelo lokwakha ukuba lihlolisise iinkqubo zokwakha. I-Koskela igxininise ukuba ukwakhiwa okulukhuni, xa kuqhutywa ngokufanelekileyo, "kwakuza kuveliswa iinkqubo zokuvelisa ukunciphisa inkunkuma yezinto, ixesha kunye nomzamo wokuvelisa ubuninzi bokubaluleka kwexabiso." Okubalulekileyo kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezibucayi ukugcina izixhobo zokwakha zivelise inkunkuma , kunye nokunciphisa izinto ezingafunekiyo kunye nezixhobo. Ngo-1997, ukwakhiwa okuqinileyo kwakubambe kakuhle kangangokuthi uBallard noHowell bamisela i-Lean Construction Institute-inhlangano eyenzelwe ukulungiswa kolawulo lwezakhiwo kulo lonke ihlabathi.
Ulwakhiwo oluhle lugxininisa ukuhlelwa kwee-chain chain, ngoko akukho zikhefu ezingadingekile xa usebenza kwimveliso, ukwandisa ukugeleza kwisiza sokwakha. Abaphathi bezakhiwo baqulunqa indawo kunye nenkqubo yokuhambisa kunye-ngokufanelekileyo ukuthatha indlela ephezulu yokuhlola nokucwangcisa iphrojekthi.
Esikhundleni sokukhangela umsebenzi omncinci ukufumanisa iinkalo zenkcitho, bajolise ekuphuculeni inkqubo yiprojekthi. Kwaye esikhundleni sokuthembela kwikhalenda, abaphathi bezakhiwo balinganisela kwaye baqhube ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zeprojekti-ukuyeka iingxaki zonxibelelwano eziphambili, ukulawula kude.
Zonke iiprojekthi zeprojekthi zihlolwa, zilinganiselwe kwaye ziphuculwe, ikakhulukazi ngoncedo lwe-software yolawulo lwezakhiwo. Abaphathi bakhuthaza ukuthetha ngokubhekiselele kwimihla ngemihla ukuphelisa iingxaki zonxibelelwano. Xa beqikelelekileyo ngemisebenzi ethile, bachaza ukubaluleka kumbono womthengi kwaye bathathe indlela yokubuyisela kwinkqubo yabo yokusebenza ukuze bahlale beqhelisa inkunkuma. Ekugqibeleni, onke amalungu ekomiti yokwakha aphendula ngokufanayo kwimpumelelo okanye ukungaphumeleli kwiprojekthi-kwaye afumana isabelo esifanelekileyo seenzuzo okanye iimbopheleleko zeprojekthi.
Umzekelo woPhumelelo
Omnye umzekelo wokwenza umsebenzi ophuculweyo wokwakha uphumelele kwindlela yokwenza i-turner ekwakheni i-Courtsus yase-Chicago yase-Everett McKinley Dirksen. Ekupheleni komsebenzi, u-Turner akazange abhekane namabango angaphantsi kwee-subcontractor, wafumanisa ukunciphisa ama-50% kwintlawulo, ukunciphisa u-86% kwi-RFI kunye nokuhlaziywa kwamaxwebhu kunye "nokwanda okwenyukayo kumgangatho kunye nobunjani bezonxibelelwano phakathi kwamalungu eqela leprojekthi."
Ukuze uqiniseke, njengawe nayiphina isakhiwo sokulawula iphrojekthi, uncike kuyo yonke inkampani. Ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo ngokufanelekileyo kuthatha uceba oluninzi, ukuvavanya, kunye nexesha-eziye zaqinisekisa ukuba ezinye iifemu zokwakha zixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo. Ukongezelela, ukuxhomekeka kufuna ukuba onke amaqela athenge ngaphakathi kwinkqubo. Akumsebenzi nje ukuba amanye amaqela ayengafuni ukuthetha ngokuqhelekileyo njengoko kufuneke kube nzima.
Nangona ezi ngxaki zingenqatshelwe kwezinye iifemu, abaphathi bezakhiwo kufuneka bakhumbule ukuba ukwakhiwa okunzima kuyindlela yokwenza i-philosophical yokwakha-akukho "indlela" yokwenza oko nje ukuba imigaqo ekhokelayo iyaneliseka ekupheliseni inkunkuma, ichaza ixabiso ukusuka kumthengi, ugxininisa ukuhamba komsebenzi, ukuvumela ukuba abathenti bathathe, kwaye bazimisele ukufezekisa.