Indlela yokwenza ngoku ukuphelisa ubutyebi behlabathi
Kukho inani elaneleyo kule ncwadi encinci ukwenza ukuba intloko inyeke.
Eyona nkalo-nxaxheba kakhulu, kukuba, kukho abantu abayizigidi ezili-1.4 kwihlabathi abahlala kwi-1.25 okanye ngaphantsi ngosuku (umgca wobuhlwempu njengokuba kusekwe iBhanki yehlabathi).
Naphezu kwezi zibalo ezinzima, uPeter Singer ufuna ukusiqinisekisa ukuba 1) intlupheko yehlabathi iyakunqanyulwa kwaye 2) sonke sinakho ukunikela ngakumbi ukufeza loo njongo ngaphandle kokuzibamba.
Umculi uprofesa we-bioethics kwiYunivesithi yasePrinceton kunye nomlobi weencwadi ezingama-30 kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yokuziphatha. Mhlawumbi mhlawumbi owaziwayo ngomsebenzi wakhe ekunyuseni kwamalungelo esilwanyana kunye nencwadi yakhe, Ukukhululwa Kwezilwanyana .
KwiBomi Ongayisindisa , Umculi uye wakhupha umzekelo onyanzelisayo ukuba kutheni abantu abasemazweni acebileyo (ikakhulukazi ase-US) kufuneka banikele ngakumbi ukuphelisa ubuhlwempu kumazwe asakhulayo, kwaye unikeza iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo malunga nendlela yokwenza oko.
Kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba ndifunde le ncwadi kuninzi ngenxa yokuba isisityebi esinezondlo. Kukho ulwazi oluninzi olugqityiweyo kwiphepha ngalinye elokuba ndimele ndibeke phantsi rhoqo ukuze ndidle into endiyifunde yona. Umculi uhlanganisa umhlaba omningi. Nantsi yam inxaxheba kwizinto eziphambili kule ncwadi enamandla.
Abantu baye bahlaselwa ukuba bakrokre ukunceda abantu abangaziwa.
Kuye kwaba yinto enokuziphendukela kwemvelo ukugcina uthando kwikhaya. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ezinye iindiza zengqondo esinazo zonke xa kuziwa ekunikeni, ikakhulukazi kubantu abangaziwa.
Ngokomzekelo, siziva sithatha uxanduva lomntu xa sicinga ukuba abanye baya kuthatha ukulahla; okanye ingcamango yokungabi nantoni ingasetyenziswa xa sikholelwa ukuba ukunika kunceda kuphela inani elincinci labantu abaphuma kwiqela elikhulu.
Sonke singavuma ukuba siya kubeka ubomi bethu emngciphekweni ukuze sigcine umntwana odibeneyo phambi kwethu, kodwa sifumane izizathu ezili-1000 ezingenakunceda umntwana ofa esingaze sibone emhlabeni jikelele.
Siyazi ukuba ukunyaniseka kubakho kodwa ukuxhomekeka ekubeni kusekelwe kwiminqweno yokuzimela kunokuba unqwenela ukunceda.
Umculi usitshela ukuba siwuphephe. Uthi:
Ingxoxo eqhubekayo malunga nokuba ngaba abantu banako ukunyaniseka ngokwenene, ngokubhekiselele kwimiba ebonakalayo, ingabalulekanga kunombuzo wokuba siqonda njani iimfuno zethu. Ngaba siya kuziqonda ngokucokisekileyo, ukugxila ekuzuzeni ubutyebi namandla? sicinga ukuba iimfuno zethu ziza kuzaliseka ngeendlela zokuphila ezibonakalisa impumelelo yethu yezoqoqosho ngokusetyenziswa kwamatye okanye izinto ezininzi ezixabisekileyo ngokusemandleni ethu okanye ngaba sifaka phakathi kwezinto esinomdla ukwaneliseka ekuncedeni abanye? "
Abantu abahlala kumazwe asisityebi abakunikeli ngokwaneleyo kuncedo.
I-US, ngokomzekelo, iinqanaba njengesizwe esithathu esinesisa (xa kunikezelwa iminikelo kunye nexesha lokuzithandela ), emva kweNetherlands neSweden. Kodwa, uMculi ubonisa, ngaphantsi kwe-10% yothando lwethu luya kunceda abantu kumazwe asakhulayo.
Ukuba ucinga ukuba uncedo lwethu lwamazwe ngamazwe luye lusivumela ukuba sikhuphe ikhonkco, uMculi uthi usilungile. Okokuqala, urhulumente wethu akanikeli okuninzi, kwaye uninzi lwawo luphunga kwiinjongo zezopolitiko ezingenakuncedo ekuncedeni abampofu.
Umculi uthi ngokucacileyo ukuba umsebenzi wokuphelisa intlupheko yehlabathi liza kufezwa ngeminikelo yangasese kwiiNGOs (Imibutho engekho yoRhulumente, eyaziwayo njengezibonelelo).
Umculi ucebisa ukuba abantu baseMerika abacebileyo bafanele banikele ngokubaluleke ngakumbi (ukuqala ngo-5% kunye nenyuka ngokwemali engenayo) kwaye ukuba sonke singanika ngaphezulu (mhlawumbi i-1% yemali engenayo engenayo) ngaphandle kokuphazamisa umgangatho wethu wokuphila okanye ukulahla iintsapho zethu.
Unika ishati yokunikezwa okucetywayo kwiwebhusayithi yakhe kwaye usinika isicwangciso esi-7 esilandelayo ukuba sibe yingxenye yesisombululo kwihlabathi.
Sixhalabele kakhulu malunga "nokusebenza kakuhle" kwezibonelelo.
Imibutho enokuthi ixabiso lokuncedisa lijolise ekuninzi kangakanani inceba echitha ngaphezulu kunye nokuxhaswa ngemali. Le miqathango incedo, Umculi uthi, kodwa akafumani ukuba uncedo luyasebenza ekuhlangabezaneni nomsebenzi walo.
Umculi unikeza izikhokelo malunga neentlangano ezenza umsebenzi ofanelekileyo wokulinganisa; usikhomba kwimibutho efuna izibonelelo ezinobuncedo; kwaye uyasikhumbuza ukuba ezinye izinto akunakulinganiswa kakuhle.
Umgca we-Singer kukuba ukulondoloza ubomi kwilizwe lesithathu lehlabathi alibizi xa kuthelekiswa nokulondoloza kwelinye ilizwe elicebile kwaye ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuba simele sixhase nokuba kukho ukuvuza.
Umculi ugqiba ukuba iindleko zokulondoloza ubomi ngokusebenzisa uthando olusebenzayo kwiindawo ezihlwempuzekileyo eziphakathi kwama-$ 200 kunye ne-2000; ngelixa iindleko zoxinzelelo zokugcina ubomi e-US i $ 2.2 yezigidi. Umculi uthi:
"Kunemibutho emininzi eyenza umsebenzi omuhle onika amathuba okuxhasa kwaye engazi ukuba yintoni efanelekileyo kakhulu akufanele ibe yisizathu sokungabaniki bani na."
Uninzi lwethu kasoloko sicamngca indlela yokuphila ubomi bokuziphatha, ngoko incwadana encinane yoMculi isinika indlela enokuyenza ngayo.
Uya kushukunyiswa ngezinye iindali zabantu ababalaseleyo banikele ubomi babo kunye neenzuzo zabo ekuncedeni abanye; ukuguqula ingqondo yakho malunga neengxaki zokuziphatha ezithandwa ngabafilosofi kwimbali; kwaye unomdla ngamabali avela eklasini lomculi e-Princeton njengoko evula iingqondo ezincinane kwiingxaki zokuziphatha.
Ungakwazi, kwakhona, ukuhamba uhambo lwakho lobubele.
Umculi kaPetros unabalandeli abaninzi kwaye abaxhasi abambalwa. Akuyena wonke umntu onokuba nengqiqo malunga nokunika kwabo izigqibo njengoko uMculi angathanda ukuba sibe. Nangona kunjalo, uyazi izibonelelo zakhe kwaye ziphi ezifanelekileyo.
Unokwenza okubi kunokuba ubhekise kwimibutho ahlala ekhuphisana nayo. Nazi ezinye ezimbalwa. Ukuze ubone okungakumbi kwaye ujoyine intshukumo yoMculi, tyelela iwebhusayithi yakhe.
Qalisa Uhambo Lwenu Olububele Ngolu Hlelo
Oxfam International
I-Oxfam yimibutho yeshumi elinesithathu esebenza emhlabeni jikelele kwiinkalo ezivela kwintlupheko ukuya kwindawo. Ukunikela, kuya kufuneka uhambe kwisiza se-Oxfam yelizwe lakho. Kukho nekhathalogi engalindelekanga, i-Oxfam engahlanjululwa, ukuba ungayisebenzisa ekunikeleni isipho kwabanye ngomnikelo.
Ukunika ihlabathi
Ukunikezelwa kwehlabathi jikelele akuthethi ngqo kwiintlupheko zehlabathi, kodwa unika iiprojekthi ngamanye ngezihloko (izilwanyana kwi-teknoloji) kunye nommandla wehlabathi (Afrika ukuya eCaribbean). Kukho uluhlu olubanzi lweeprojekthi, elowo lunikela umniki-mva uncedo lokunceda umntu othile. Kukho neendlela ezininzi zokunika kunye namanqanaba okunika njengoko unokucinga ngako. Ingxaki kuphela ekusebenziseni le sayithi yenza nje ingqondo yakho.
Fistula Foundation
I-Fistula iyingozi kakhulu yokulimala kwimizila edlalwa ngamabhinqa amancinci kumazwe asakhulayo. Ziyakwazi ukulungiswa ngokulula kwaye zingabizi ngeendlela zokucoca ezifanelekileyo. Le nhlangano isekela umsebenzi owenziwe nguCatherine Catherine ku-Ethiopia ekujonganeni nale ngxaki embi.
I-International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF)
Ukukhula koLuntu kwintliziyo yentlupheko. Le ntlangano isebenza emhlabeni wonke ukunciphisa ukukhula kwabemi ngokulawulwa kokuzalwa kunye nemfundo.
INkonzo yoLuntu lwaMazwe ngamazwe (PSI)
I-PSI ijolise ekuhanjisweni kweenetha kunye neikhondom kumazwe eThathu ehlabathini apho i-HIV / AIDS kunye ne-malaria ziyizo ezisongelayo impilo yabantu abasengozini. Uninzi kunje, i-NGO isebenze ngolwaluko njengendlela yokukhusela i-HIV / AID ngoncedo lwesibonelelo esikhulu kwiSigqeba soYilwayo kunye ne-Melinda Gates Foundation .
I-Global Fund yokulwa ne-AIDS, isifo sofuba kunye ne-Malaria
Siyayazi le ntlangano ngokugqithiseleyo ngomsebenzi we-B2 we-rock ye-Bono. Unako ukunikela ngokuthe ngqo kumbutho, uthenge iimveliso (ezibomvu), apho inxalenye yokuthenga kwakho iya kuxhasa i-Global Fund, okanye ijoyine intshukumo enye, ekhuthaza kwaye ixhasa abasebenza kwimigudu esebenzayo ekupheliseni izifo ezikhuselweyo, ngakumbi e-Afrika.
Abalingani Kwimpilo (PIH)
UPaul Farmer, uSihlalo weSebe lezeMpilo zeZikolo zeHarvard leSebe lezeMpilo neNtlalo-ntle, nguye intloko yale nhlangano entsha. I-PIH isebenze kuwo wonke umhlaba ukuphucula impilo yabantu abahlwempuzekileyo, ngakumbi eHaiti emva kokuzamazama komhlaba nakwiNtshona Afrika ukulwa nesifo se-Ebola.
UNICEF
Elide inkokheli ekugxininiseni kubantwana, i-UNICEF iyaqhubeka isebenza kwimida emininzi kwihlabathi ukuphucula ubomi babantwana. I-UNICEF inxalenye yeZizwe eziManyeneyo kwaye ngoko ifikelela kumazwe, ngokungafani nayiphi na enye inhlangano.
Namlo International
Eyasungulwa ngo-1999, iNamlo International yaqalwa nguMagda King, ngowesifazane wokuqala waseSpain ukuya kwisiqalo se-8000m peak. Ngombulelo ngoncedo olwamkela kubantu baseSherpa ngethuba lokuhamba kwakhe, wayefuna ukunika okuthile kwaye wakhetha imfundo njengesipho esihle kakhulu. Namhlanje, uNamlo usebenza nezikolo zaseNepal naseNicaragua. Imfundo yindlela emangalisayo yokulwa nobuhlwempu. I-Namlo inikezela ngeendlela zokuvolontiya kubantu abangathanda ukunceda umntu.
Nika
I-GiveWell ifuna izibonelelo ezinobuncedo. Eyilwe ngabalindi bee-Wall Street ezimbini, umbutho uphuhliso lweendlela zokulinganisa ukuphumelela nokukhetha izibonelelo ezizalisekisa iimfuno zabo. Lezo mfuneko zidlula ngaphaya kwamanyathelo okusebenza ngokusebenza kwezimali. Uphando lophando ekusebenzeni luyimpumelelo kwaye lunokutshintsha indlela esicinga ngayo ngosizo. Indlela ebalaseleyo yokunikezela ngoxolo lwengqondo. Zithatha nje enye yezizathu zokunika i-GiveWell.