Iiprojekthi zoKwakha ezinkulu kunazo zonke zehlabathi
Ngezantsi ezili-10 zeeprojekthi ezinkulu zokwakhiwa kwehlabathi, ezivela kumaziko eenqwelo-moya, amadamesi, iindlela eziphantsi komhlaba kunye nezakhiwo zoshishino kwi-International Space Station kunye nabaxhamli abacatshangelwayo. Ezinye zazo ziyakuthandwa kakhulu, njengezakhiwo zeZaha Hadid kwiNqwelomoya 1 e-Beijing Airport International; abanye, njengeSellafield enkulu yeprojekthi yesikhumbuzo se-nyukliya eNgilani, bayaphikiswa ngokubanzi.
01 - I-Airport ye-Al Maktoum, e-Dubai
UCharles Bowman Amanye amaziko eenqwelo-moya akakulungiseleli kwisikimu se-Dubai ye-Al Maktoum International Airport, efikelela ngaphezu kweekhilomitha ezili-21 zeekhilomitha. Kucwangciswe ukugqitywa ngo-2018, isixhobo senzelwe ukusingatha iinqwelo zomzimba ezingama-200 ngokubanzi ngexesha. Isigaba sesibili sokwanda kwesikhululo seesikhululo sezaphulo sineendleko eziqikelelweyo ezingaphezu kweebhiliyoni ezingama-32.
Le projekthi yecandelo leedolophu elineminyaka engama-22 liqalise isigaba sesibini ngo-2014 kunye nokwandiswa kwezigidi ezili-11 zamaRandi. Xa kugqityiwe, kuya kubandakanywa ubuncinane izityalo eziyi-100, i-800,000 cubic meter yokutshitshiswa kwezityalo, iikhilomitha zeendlela, iindlela zeendlela kunye neoli ukucoca ukuvelisa okungenani ama-350,000 ibharri ngosuku. Yonke iprojekthi icetywayo ukuba igqitywe ngowe-2024. IWalt Disney World ingafanelana nezihlandlo ezintathu ngaphakathi kwesi sakhiwo. Ngeekhilomitha ezi-278 eziqhelekileyo, i-$ 64 yezigidigidi ze-Dubailand ziza kuba neengxenye ezithandathu: iipaki zemixholo, indawo yezemidlalo, i-eco-tourism, iziko lezempilo, ukhenketho lwezenzululwazi kunye neehotele. Kuya kuba nehotele enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni kunye nama-6,500 amagumbi kunye ne-10 million square foot mall. Le projekthi ilungiselelwe ukugqitywa ngo-2025. 04 - Isikhululo soMhlaba, iSithuba
I-ISS ijikeleza umhlaba yonke imizuzu engama-92. Yadalwa ngumbutho weentlanga ezili-15 kunye nee-arhente ze-5 zendawo, i-ISS okwangoku ihlawulwe iindleko zokwakha ezidlula i-$ 60 billion. Iindleko zokugqibela zesikhululo sezithuba kunye nokuveliswa kwayo okudlulileyo kungadlulela i-$ 1 trillion, apho ingaba yindawo yokuhlala kuyo ukuya kwisigidi esinye kwisigxina.
05 - iProjekti yokuTshintshiselwa kwamanzi eNtshona, ukuya eTshayina
Umntla weChina uhlala kwikhaya elingama-50 ekhulwini labantu baseTshayina kodwa unama-20 kuphela ekhulwini lwamanzi oluntu. Ukulungisa oku kungalingani, iChina iyakhiwe ukwakha izindlu ezintathu ezinkulu, ngamanitha angama-600 ubude kwaye ithwala amanzi eMntla ukusuka emifuleni emithathu emikhulu yaseChina. Le projekthi ineshedyuli yokwakha iminyaka engama-48. Xa igqityiwe iya kunika iibhiliyoni ezingama-44 zamamitha ayi-cubic cubit amanzi ngonyaka. 06 - Iprojekthi yaseLondon Crossrail
Ihlabathi eliphantsi komhlaba liqhubeka likhula, longeza iiyure ezingama-26 zeetoni ezidibanisa izitishi ezingama-40. Iindleko eziqikelelweyo zokwakha i $ 23 billion. Le projekthi ihlelwe ukugqitywa ngezigaba, kunye nomzila wokuqala wokuqala ukuya kwinkonzo ngo-2018 kunye nawo onke amathrekhi asele ngo-2020. 07 - Idama emithathu yeGorge, eChina
Idama elikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni lide neekhilomitha ezide kunye neema-60 eziphakamileyo. Iprojekthi ye-Yangtze River yeebhiliyoni ezingama-59 igqityiwe kwaye yafakwa enkonzweni ngo-2003. Iiprojekthi ezininzi zokwakha ezikhulu kakhulu zinezikhuseli zabo, kodwa i-Gorges ezintathu zigxeka ngokukhenkcela abantu abayi-1.5 yezigidi kunye nokutshabalalisa iikhilomitha ezilikhulu. Isizukulwana saso sogesi sikhulu ngaphezu kwesibhozo esingaphezu kwesibhozo esingaphezu kweHoover Dam, kodwa sisenza kuphela iipesenti ezimbini okanye ezintathu zengxenyana zamandla e-2016 zaseChina. 08 - iSellafield Nuclear Site, eNgilani
Ukumboza iihektare ezingama-700, le ngumbane we-nyukliya yokubuyisela uphethiloli. kunye neendleko zokwakha ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezili-15 zeebhiliyoni. Enye yezinto eziphambili yinto yokubuyisela iMagnox, i-nyukliya, evela kwii-khulri zamandla enyukliya e-UK. Akumangalisi ukuba indawo leyo inezinyango zayo, phakathi kwazo iNew Scientist, incwadi yokuphenywa yicyukliya, eyathi "amanxweme amaninzi e-sludge" kunye nezinye izingozi zingabangela ukuqhuma, ibango lokuba ulawulo lukaSellafield luphikisana. 09 - Isikhumulo sezindiza saseBeijing, eChina
Isikhumulo sezindiza saseBeijing siya kugqitha iDaily Al Maktoum Airport ngeendleko, iikhilomitha ezili-square eziqhelekileyo, kunye nomgibeli nombane. Isigaba sokuqala seqonga kwisiqithi-moya sagqitywa ngexesha le-Olympiad ka-2008. Ukwandiswa okuqhubekayo kulungiselelwe ukugqitywa ngo-2025. I-Terminal 1, eyenzelwe nguZaha Hadid, ifaka iqela leenkcukacha ezizinzileyo kwi-envelope yesiza. I-10 - Iprojekthi enkulu yoMlambo oMenzi omkhulu, eLibya
I-Libya isebenze kwi-"Great Great-Made River" (GMR) projekthi ukususela ngo-1985. Yiyona projekthi enkulu yokunkcenkceshela ehlabathini. Xa igqityiwe, iya kunkcenkcesha ama-acre angaphezu kwama-350,000 omhlaba omhlaba kwaye iya kunyusa ngokubanzi amanzi atywalayo afumanekayo kwiindawo ezininzi zasezidolophini zaseLibya. Umthombo wamanzi wale projekthi yiNayile yeNayile yaseNubian Sandstone System. Le projekthi ilungiselelwe ukugqitywa ngowe-2030. Ububi obuyimfuneko?
Ininzi yale projekthi yokwakha enkulu iqhutywe ngotya ngenxa yezinga labo elingakaze lize lize libonwe, kodwa lijongwa kwakhona. Xa idama linika inani elinamandla lamandla kagesi ekwandiseni iChina, kodwa idlulisela isiqingatha sezigidi kunye nesiqingatha saseTshayina ize ibhubhise iihektare eziliwaka zasemaphandleni, ngaba isiphumo sobungileyo okanye esibi? Ngokuqinisekileyo, iiprojekthi ezikwisigidi-dollar zakhiwo zineempembelelo zendalo.